verbthird conjugation
cēdō1
cēdō (present infinitive cēdere, perfect active cessī, supine cessum)
Classical[ˈkeː.doː]Ecclesiastical[ˈt͡ʃɛː.do]
№ 304 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- intransitiveto go, move, proceed, go along, move along
SIMŌ. Illīcine est? PSEUDOLUS. Illīc est. SIMŌ. Mala merx est, Pseudole. Illūc sīs vidē,
SIMO. Is he there? PSEUDOLUS. There he is. SIMO. He's a bad piece, Pseudolus. Look at that, how he goes sideways, not forwards, as a crab does.c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus 4.1.44–45 - intransitiveto result, turn out, happen, yield
- intransitiveto withdraw, depart, retire, go away from, yield
- intransitiveto withdraw, fall back, give up one's post, yield
- intransitiveto disappear, pass away, vanish
- intransitiveto pass, elapse (in the 3rd person, with time as subject)
- intransitivewith dativeto cede, give in or yield (to), step aside (for), give way (to)
Tū nē cēde malīs, sed contrā audentior ītō
Give in not to evils, but go against them more daring.Vergilius, Aeneis, Book VI, line 95Motto of Wyoming Cēdant arma togae. Let the arms concede to the toga (Let war yield to diplomacy)
- intransitivewith dativeto be inferior to, yield to in rank
Nec deinde Aborigines Troianis studio ac fide erga regem Aeneam cessere
From that time on, the Aborigines were not inferior to the Trojans in the loyalty towards Aeneas27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita I.2 - transitiveto concede, give up, allow, permit something to someone, grant, surrender, yield
- intransitivewith dativeto fall (to) (as a possession); accrue or come (to)
- intransitiveto become, turn into, be or become the equivalent of
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
locum dō et recēdō; hostibus nōn cēdimus!cēdō -ere cessī — in Mille Verba, ch. Via et Iter
locum dō, concēdōcēdō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 12
(rēs) ēvenitcēdō -ere, cessit — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 5
prōcēdō, succēdōcēdō -ere, cessī — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 2
locum dō, discēdōyield, withdraw
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēdō | cēdēbam | cēdam | cessī | cesseram | cesserō |
| 2nd sg. | cēdis | cēdēbās | cēdēs | cessistī | cesserās | cesseris |
| 3rd sg. | cēdit | cēdēbat | cēdet | cessit | cesserat | cesserit |
| 1st pl. | cēdimus | cēdēbāmus | cēdēmus | cessimus | cesserāmus | cesserimus |
| 2nd pl. | cēditis | cēdēbātis | cēdētis | cessistis | cesserātis | cesseritis |
| 3rd pl. | cēdunt | cēdēbant | cēdent | cessērunt cessēre | cesserant | cesserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēdam | cēderem | cesserim | cessissem |
| 2nd sg. | cēdās | cēderēs | cesserīs | cessissēs |
| 3rd sg. | cēdat | cēderet | cesserit | cessisset |
| 1st pl. | cēdāmus | cēderēmus | cesserīmus | cessissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | cēdātis | cēderētis | cesserītis | cessissētis |
| 3rd pl. | cēdant | cēderent | cesserint | cessissent cedissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēdor | cēdēbar | cēdar |
| 2nd sg. | cēderis cēdere | cēdēbāris cēdēbāre | cēdēris cēdēre |
| 3rd sg. | cēditur | cēdēbātur | cēdētur |
| 1st pl. | cēdimur | cēdēbāmur | cēdēmur |
| 2nd pl. | cēdiminī | cēdēbāminī | cēdēminī |
| 3rd pl. | cēduntur | cēdēbantur | cēdentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cēdar | cēderer |
| 2nd sg. | cēdāris cēdāre | cēderēris cēderēre |
| 3rd sg. | cēdātur | cēderētur |
| 1st pl. | cēdāmur | cēderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | cēdāminī | cēderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | cēdantur | cēderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | cēde | cēdere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | cēdite cette | cēdiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | cēditō | cēditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | cēditō | cēditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | cēditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | cēduntō | cēduntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | cēdere | cēdī |
| perfect infinitive | cessisse | cessum esse |
| future infinitive | cessūrum esse | cessum īrī |
| present participle | cēdēns cēdente, cēdentem, cēdentēs, cēdentī, cēdentia, cēdentibus, cēdentis, cēdentīs, cēdentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | cessus cessa, cessā, cessae, cessam, cessārum, cessās, cesse, cessīs, cessō, cessōrum, cessōs |
| future participle | cessūrus cessūra, cessūrā, cessūrae, cessūram, cessūrārum, cessūrās, cessūre, cessūrī, cessūrīs, cessūrō, cessūrōrum, cessūrōs, cessūrum | cēdendus cēdundus |
gerundcēdendī, cēdendō, cēdendumsupinecessum, cessū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- fortunae cedere
- to acquiesce in one's fate.
- tempori servire, cedere
- to accommodate oneself to circumstances.
- de iure suo decedere or cedere
- to waive one's right.
- possessione alicuius rei cedere alicui (Mil. 27. 75)
- to give up a thing to some one else.
cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n. and a.
I. [perh. for cecado, redupl. from cado], to go, i. e. to be in motion, move, walk, go along.
I. In gen.
A. Lit. (rare, and only poet.: for which, in the common lang., incedo);
candidatus cedit hic mastigia, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 10: non prorsus, verum transvorsus cedit, quasi cancer, id. Ps. 4, 1, 45; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 74; Hor. S. 2, 1, 65.—More freq., B. Trop.
1. Like ire, to have some result, to eventuate, happen, result, turn out, to work; and, acc. to its connection, to turn out well or ill, to succeed or fail:
gesta quae prospere ei cesserunt, Nep. Timoth. 4, 6; Sall. C. 26, 5; Tac. A. 1, 28: cetera secundum eventum proelii cessura, id. H. 3, 70; Suet. Aug. 91; Gell. 4, 5, 4: bene, Hor. S. 2, 1, 31; Ov. M. 8, 862; Plin. Pan. 44 fin.: optime, Quint. 10, 7, 14: male, Hor. S. 2, 1, 31; and: male alicui, Ov. M. 10, 80; Suet. Claud. 26; cf. Verg. A. 12, 148; Quint. 10, 2, 16: utcumque cesserit, Curt. 7, 4, 16; cf. Suet. Calig. 53; Tac. Agr. 18: parum, Suet. Claud. 34: opinione tardius, id. Ner. 33: pro bono, id. Tit. 7: in vanum (labor), Sen. Hippol. 183. —2. Cedere pro aliquā re, to be equivalent to, to go for something, to be the price of:
oves, quae non peperint, binae pro singulis in fructu cedent, Cato, R. R. 150, 2; Col. 12, 14; Tac. G. 14; Pall. Sept. 1, 4.— II. In partic.
A. In respect to the terminus a quo.
1. To go from somewhere, to remove, withdraw, go away from, depart, retire (freq. and class.):
cedunt de caelo corpora avium, Enn. Ann. 96 Vahl.: quia postremus cedis, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 29: ego cedam atque abibo, Cic. Mil. 34, 93: cedens carinā, Cat. 64, 249; cf. id. 64, 53: quoquam, Lucr. 5, 843: aliquo sucus de corpore cessit, id. 3, 223: coma de vertice, Cat. 66, 39: e toto corpore anima, Lucr. 3, 210: ex ingratā civitate, Cic. Mil. 30, 81: e patriā, id. Phil. 10, 4, 8: patriā, id. Mil. 25, 68: Italiā, id. Phil. 10, 4, 8; Nep. Att. 9, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85 fin.—b. Milit. t. t.:
de oppidis, to abandon, go away from, Cic. Att. 7, 22, 2: loco, to yield, give up his post, Nep. Chabr. 1, 2; Liv. 2, 47, 3; Tac. G. 6; Suet. Aug. 24 et saep.: ex loco, Liv. 3, 63, 1: ex acie, id. 2, 47, 2.—c. In commercial lang. t. t.: foro, to withdraw from the market, i. e. to give up business, be insolvent, stop payment, Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2; Juv. 11, 50.—So also,
d. Bonis or possessionibus (alicui), to give up or cede one's property or interest (in favor of a person):
alicui hortorum possessione, Cic. Mil. 27, 75; so id. Off. 2, 23, 82; cf. Suet. Tib. 10; id. Caes. 72; id. Ner. 35; id. Gram. 11.— Hence of debtors, to make over their property instead of payment; cf. Dig. 42, 3, tit. de cessione bonorum.—2. Pregn. (cf. abeo, II.), to pass away, disappear; and specif.,
a. Of men, to die:
vitā, Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 35; Hor. S. 1, 1, 119: e vita, Cic. Brut. 1, 4; Plin. Pan. 43, 4; cf. senatu, to withdraw from, Tac. A. 2, 48; 11, 25.—b. Of time, to pass away, vanish:
horae quidem cedunt et dies et menses et anni, Cic. Sen. 19, 69. —c. Of other things: pudor ex pectore cessit, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 250, 26:
memoriā, Liv. 2, 33, 9 (for which: excedere memoriā, Liv. 7, 32, 15; and: excedere e memoriā, id. 26, 13, 5): non Turno fiducia cessit, Verg. A. 9, 126: cedant curaeque metusque, Stat. S. 1, 2, 26 et saep.; cf. cesso.—3. Trop.: cedere alicui or absol., to yield to one (to his superiority), to give the preference or precedence, give place to, submit to (class.; esp. freq. in the histt., of the weaker party, withdrawing, fleeing from).
a. To yield to, give place to:
quācumque movemur, (aër) videtur quasi locum dare et cedere, Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83: cedebat victa potestas, Lucr. 5, 1271: ubi vinci necesse est, expedit cedere, Quint. 6, 4, 16; 11, 1, 17; 12, 10, 47; cf. Sall. J. 51, 1: Viriatho exercitus nostri imperatoresque cesserunt, Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40; Nep. Ham. 1, 2; Sall. J. 51, 4; Liv. 2, 10, 7; Tac. A. 1, 56; 4, 51; Suet. Tib. 16 et saep.: Pelides cedere nescius, Hor. C. 1, 6, 6: di, quibus ensis et ignis Cesserunt, i. e. who remained unhurt in the destruction of Troy, Ov. M. 15, 862: eidem tempori, ejusdem furori, eisdem consulibus, eisdem minis, insidiis, periculis, Cic. Sest. 29, 63; so, fortunae, Sall. C. 34, 2: invidiae ingratorum civium, Nep. Cim. 3, 2: majorum natu auctoritati, id. Timoth. 3, 4: nocti, Liv. 3, 17, 9, and 3, 60, 7; 4, 55, 5; cf. Quint. 5, 11, 9: loco iniquo, non hosti cessum, Liv. 8, 38, 9: oneri, Quint. 10, 1, 24: vincentibus vitiis, id. 8, 3, 45: malis, Verg. A. 6, 95 et saep.—b. To yield to in rank, distinction, etc., i. e. to be inferior to:
cum tibi aetas nostra jam cederet, fascesque summitteret, Cic. Brut. 6, 22: nullā aliā re nisi immortalitate cedens caelestibus, id. N. D. 2, 61, 153: neque multum cedebant virtute nostris, Caes. B. G. 2, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 36: Picenis cedunt pomis Tiburtia suco; Nam facie praestant, Hor. S. 2, 4, 70; so, anseribus (candore), Ov. M. 2, 539: laudibus lanificae artis, id. ib. 6, 6; 5, 529: cum in re nullā Agesilao cederet, Nep. Chabr. 2, 3; Quint. 10, 1, 108: alicui de aliquā re, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80: alicui re per aliquid, id. 33, 3, 19, § 59.—Impers.: ut non multum Graecis cederetur, Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; Liv. 24, 6, 8. —c. To comply with the wishes, to yield to one:
cessit auctoritati amplissimi viri vel potius paruit, Cic. Lig. 7, 21; cf. Tac. A. 12, 5: precibus, Cic. Planc. 4, 9: cessit tibi blandienti Cerberus, Hor. C. 3, 11, 15; cf, id. Ep. 1, 18, 43 sq.; Verg. A. 2, 704; 3, 188; Ov. M. 6, 32; 6, 151; 9, 13; 9, 16: omnes in unum cedebant, Tac. A. 6, 43; 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 12, 10 and 41.—Hence, 4. Act.: cedere (alicui) aliquid = concedere, to grant, concede, allow, give up, yield, permit something to some one:
permitto aliquid iracundiae tuae, do adulescentiae, cedo amicitiae, tribuo parenti, Cic. Sull. 16, 46: multa multis de jure suo, id. Off. 2, 18, 64: currum ei, Liv. 45, 39, 2: victoriam hosti, Just. 32, 4, 7: alicui pellicem et regnum, id. 10, 2, 3: imperium, id. 22, 7, 4: possessionem, Dig. 41, 2, 1: in dando et cedendo loco, Cic. Brut. 84, 290.—Also with a clause as object, Stat. Th. 1, 704 (but in Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 67, read credit).—And with ut and subj.: hac victoriā contenta plebes cessit patribus, ut in praesentiā tribuni crearentur, etc., Liv. 6, 42, 3; Tac. A. 12, 41: non cedere with quominus, Quint. 5, 7, 2.—B. In respect to the terminus ad quem, to arrive, attain to, come somewhere:
cedunt, petunt, Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 43: ibi ad postremum cedit miles, aes petit, id. ib. 3, 5, 52.—C. Cedere alicui or in aliquem, to come to, fall (as a possession) to one, to fall to his lot or share, accrue:
ut is quaestus huic cederet, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170: captiva corpora Romanis cessere, Liv. 31, 46, 16: nolle ominari quae captae urbi cessura forent, id. 23, 43, 14; Verg. A. 3, 297; 3, 333; 12, 17; 12, 183; Hor. C. 3, 20, 7; Ov. M. 5, 368; 4, 533: undae cesserunt piscibus habitandae, id. ib. 1, 74 al.: alicui in usum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 134: Lepidi atque Antonii arma in Augustum cessere, Tac. A. 1, 1; so id. H. 3, 83; id. Agr. 5; id. A. 2, 23: aurum ex hostibus captum in paucorum praedam cessisse, Liv. 6, 14, 12; Curt. 7, 6, 16; Tac. A. 15, 45; for which: cedere praedae (dat.) alicujus, Liv. 43, 19, 12; and: praeda cedit alicui, Hor. C. 3, 20, 7: ab Tullo res omnis Albana in Romanum cesserit imperium, Liv. 1, 52, 2; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 174: in dicionem M. Antonii provinciae cesserant, Tac. H. 5, 9.—D. Cedere in aliquid, like abire in aliquid (v. abeo, II.), to be changed or to pass into something, to be equivalent to or become something:
poena in vicem fidei cesserat, Liv. 6, 34, 2; cf.: temeritas in gloriam cesserat, Curt. 3, 6, 18; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 91; Tac. H. 2, 59 fin.; id. G. 36; Plin. Pan. 83, 4: in proverbium, Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 42: in exemplorum locum, Quint. 5, 11, 36.—Hence, * cēdenter, adv. of the part. pres. cedens (not used as P. a.), by yielding, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 16, 129.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
cēdō cessī, cessus, ere
1 CAD-, to go from, give place, remove, withdraw, go away, depart, retire: cedam atque abibo: ex ingratā civitate: patriā: carinā, Ct.: per ora (hominum), i. e. to be seen, H.: Siciliā sibi omni cedi, to be evacuated, L.: cedere foro, to leave the exchange, i. e. be bankrupt, Iu.: alicui hortorum possessione, i. e. to cede, assign: ut possessionibus cederent: loco cedere, to retreat, N.: ex acie, abandon, L.: locum ex quo cesserant repetunt, L.: cedentes insequi, the retreating enemy, Cs.—Fig., to pass away, go from, drop out, vanish: vitā, die: e vitā: horae quidem cedunt et dies, elapse: memoriā, be forgotten, L.: fiducia cessit Quo tibi, diva, mei? V. —To come to, fall (as a possession), to fall to the lot of, accrue: ut is quaestus huic cederet: quae captae urbi cessura forent, L.: regnorum cessit Pars Heleno, V.: undae cesserunt piscibus habitandae, O.: summa rerum in ducem cessit, Ta.: aurum in paucorum praedam cessisse, L.: quod cedit in altera iura, H.—To result, happen, turn out, fall out, work: gesta quae prospere ei cesserunt, were successful, N.: neque insidiae prospere cessere, S.: prout prima cessissent, in proportion to his success at the outset, Ta.: Quā Parcae sinebant Cedere res Latio, V.: neque si male cesserat, neque si bene, H.—With in and acc, to take the place of, supply the want of, be a substitute for: poena in vicem fidei cesserat, L.: victoribus fortuna in sapientiam cessit, Ta.: epulae pro stipendio cedunt, are taken in commutation, Ta. — To yield, give place: quasi locum dare et cedere: pete cedentem aëra disco, H.: in tutum, L.: cedere nescius, H.: pars cedere, alii insequi, S.: huc omnis aratri Cessit amor, i. e. to warlike zeal, V.— With dat, to yield to, retreat before, submit to, be overcome by: Viriatho exercitūs nostri imperatoresque cesserunt: hosti, N.: comites, quibus ensis et ignis Cesserunt, i. e. who were unharmed, O.: fortunae, S.: loco iniquo, non hosti cessum, L.: Tu ne cede malis, succumb, V.—To yield in rank, be inferior: nullā re cedens caelestibus: virtute nostris, Cs.: laudibus lanificae artis, O.: in re nullā Agesilao, N.: ut non multum Graecis cederetur, were not inferior.—To comply with, yield to, obey, conform to: auctoritati viri: cessit tibi blandienti Cerberus, H.: deae, O.: Cedo equidem, I comply, V.—To grant, concede, allow, give up, yield, permit: aliquid amicitiae: currum ei, L.: cessit patribus, ut in praesentiā tribuni crearentur, L.
cedo
plur. cette, old imper, hither with it, give, bring here: Puerum, mihi cedo, T.: senem, bring hither, T.: cedo, quaeso, codicem: cedo tabulas.—Esp., let us hear, tell, say, speak, out with it: cedo istuc tuom consilium, T.: unum cedo auctorem tui facti: cedo, quoium puerum hic apposuisti? T.: cedo igitur, quid faciam, T.: cedo, cui cognitor factus sit, etc.: cedo, si conata peregit, what, if, etc., Iu.: cedo dum, en umquam audisti, etc.? come now, T.—Parenthet., let me, by your leave: ego, statim, cedo, inquam si quid, etc. —Look at, mark, behold! cedo mihi leges Atinias: illius contionem.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *kezdō, further derivation disputed. * Perhaps it is from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyesdʰ- (“to drive away; to go away”). Cognates include Sanskrit सेधति (sedhati, “to drive, chase away”) and Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬀𐬝 (siiazdat̰, “will chase away”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyazd-, *ćižd-. * Others derive it from *ḱe (“this, here”) + *sed- (“to sit down”). For the semantic development "to sit down" > "to go and sit" > "to go" compare the cognates English set out, Sanskrit उपसीदति (upasīdati, “to approach”), Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós, “road”), and Proto-Slavic *xodъ, *xoditi. * Others derive the ending from -dō (“to put”).
Descendants
- Catalancedir
- Englishcede
- Frenchcéder
- Romaniancedafrom French céder
- Italiancedere
- Portugueseceder
- Spanishceder
- Dutchcederen
- Galicianceder
- Dalmatiančedurfrom Italian cedere