verbsecond conjugation, impersonal in the passive
pāreō
pāreō (present infinitive pārēre, perfect active pāruī, supine pāritum)
Classical[ˈpaː.re.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpaː.re.o]
№ 847 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- impersonalto appear, be visible, be apparent, be observed
- impersonalwith dativeto obey, submit to, be obedient to, to observe
Tibi sōlī pārēmus.
We obey only you.Ille patris magnī pārēre parābat / imperiō...
He was preparing to obey the order of his great Father...29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.238–239
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
faciō quod iubētur; mīlitēs ducī pārent.pāreō -ēre pāruī — in Mille Verba, Animus et Adfectūs
oboediō, faciō quod iubēturpāreō -ēre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 2
imperātīs oboediōpāreō -ēre — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 7
faciō quod iubēturpāreō -ēre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 1
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pāreō | pārēbam | pārēbō | pāruī | pārueram | pāruerō |
| 2nd sg. | pārēs | pārēbās | pārēbis | pāruistī | pāruerās | pārueris |
| 3rd sg. | pāret | pārēbat | pārēbit | pāruit | pāruerat | pāruerit |
| 1st pl. | pārēmus | pārēbāmus | pārēbimus | pāruimus | pāruerāmus | pāruerimus |
| 2nd pl. | pārētis | pārēbātis | pārēbitis | pāruistis | pāruerātis | pārueritis |
| 3rd pl. | pārent | pārēbant | pārēbunt | pāruērunt pāruēre | pāruerant | pāruerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pāream | pārērem | pāruerim | pāruissem |
| 2nd sg. | pāreās | pārērēs | pāruerīs | pāruissēs |
| 3rd sg. | pāreat | pārēret | pāruerit | pāruisset |
| 1st pl. | pāreāmus | pārērēmus | pāruerīmus | pāruissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | pāreātis | pārērētis | pāruerītis | pāruissētis |
| 3rd pl. | pāreant | pārērent | pāruerint | pāruissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | pārētur | pārēbātur | pārēbitur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | pāreātur | pārērētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | pārē | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pārēte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pārētō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pārētō | pārētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pārētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | pārentō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pārēre | pārērī |
| perfect infinitive | pāruisse | pāritum esse |
| future infinitive | pāritūrum esse | pāritum īrī |
| present participle | pārēns pārente, pārentem, pārentēs, pārentī, pārentia, pārentibus, pārentis, pārentīs, pārentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | pāritum |
| future participle | pāritūrus pāritūra, pāritūrā, pāritūrae, pāritūram, pāritūrārum, pāritūrās, pāritūre, pāritūrī, pāritūrīs, pāritūrō, pāritūrōrum, pāritūrōs, pāritūrum | pārendum pārenda, pārendā, pārendae, pārendam, pārendārum, pārendās, pārende, pārendīs, pārendōrum, pārendōs, pārendus |
gerundpārendī, pārendō, pārendumsupinepāritum, pāritū
pārĕo (parrĕo), ŭi, pārĭtum, 2, v. n. intr. form of paro, to make ready; părio, to bring forth; hence, to be ready, at hand,
I. to come forth, appear, be visible, show one's self; to be present or at hand.
I. Lit. (rare;
not in Cic. or Cæs.): immolanti jocinera replicata paruerunt, Suet. Aug. 95: quoties paruit Hermogenes, Mart. 12, 29, 18: haec (fenestra) videt Inarimen, illi Prochyta aspera paret, Stat. S. 2, 2, 76: quae si parent simul, Quint. 1, 12, 4: caeli cui sidera parent, are open, intelligible, Verg. A. 10, 176; cf. Suet. Calig. 8.—So freq. in eccl. Lat.: parebit signum filii hominis in caelo, Vulg. Matt. 24, 30.—Impers.: paret = videtur: si paret eum dare oportere, Gai. Inst. 3, 91; 4, 4; 34 al.—II. In partic.
A. To appear (as a servant) at a person's commands, to attend, wait upon (very rare, for the usual apparere):
magistratibus in provincias euntibus parere et praeministrare servorum vice, Gell. 10, 3, 19: ad memoriam, Spart. Pesc. 7.—2. Transf.
a. To obey, be obedient to; to submit to, comply with (the class. signif. of the word;
syn.: oboedio, obsequor, obtempero): parere, obedire, Fest. p. 221 Müll.: animadverte ac dicto pare, Enn. ap. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29 (Trag. v. 299 Vahl.): hic parebit et oboediet praecepto illi veteri, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: oboedire et parere alicujus voluntati, id. N. D. 1, 8, 19: non ut pareret et dicto audiens esset huic ordini, etc., id. Phil. 7, 1, 2: (noster populus) in bello sic paret, ut regi, id. Rep. 1, 40, 163: legibus, id. Off. 2, 11, 40: religionibus, id. N. D. 2, 3, 8: imperio, Caes. B. G. 5, 2: populo patiente atque parente, Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61: alicujus imperiis, Juv. 14, 331.—Impers. pass.: dicto paretur, Liv. 9, 32: remissius imperanti melius paretur, Sen. Clem. 1, 24, 1: ut arbitri sententiae pareatur, Dig. 4, 8, 23: si paritum fuerit condicioni, ib. 40, 4, 12.— Poet., with respective acc.: non adeo parebimus omnia matri, Stat. Ach. 1, 660. —Of inanim. and abstr. subjects: lucra petituras freta per parentia ventis Ducunt instabiles sidera certa rates, Tib. 1, 9, 9; cf. Ov. M. 8, 472; Quint. 11, 3, 65.—b. To be subject to, dependent on; to be subservient to:
nulla fuit civitas, quin Caesari pareret, Caes. B. C. 3, 81: oppidum, quod regi paret, Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 145: negat se ei parere posse qui se feminam malit esse, quam virum, Just. 1, 3, 3: quae homines arant, navigant, aedificant, virtuti omnia parent, Sall. C. 2, 7; Hor. S. 2, 3, 96.—c. To submit to, comply with, indulge, gratify, yield to:
necessitati, Cic. Or. 60, 202: et tempori et voluntati, id. Vatin. 1, 2: cupiditatibus, id. Fin. 1, 16, 53: dolori et iracundiae, id. Att. 2, 21, 4: extremo furori, Val. Fl. 7, 154.— d. To yield to one's promises or representations, to fulfil, accomplish them; to satisfy, give, pay:
promissis, Ov. F. 5, 504: pensionibus, Dig. 19, 2, 54: usuris, Cod. 4, 26, 8.— —B. Impers.: paret, it is clear, evident, manifest (class.):
quid porro quaerendum est? factumne sit? at constat. A quo? at paret, Cic. Mil. 6, 15.—Esp. in the formula si paret, if it appear, if it be proved, Cic. Rosc. Com. 4, 11; id. Verr 2, 2, 12, § 31; cf.: si paret adversum edictum fecisse, id. ib. 2, 3, 28, § 69; 2, 3, 22, § 55; Fest. p. 233 Müll.: paritum est, Dig. 31, 1, 67; ib. 6, 1, 5; Petr. 137; cf. II. 2. a. supra.—Hence, pārens, entis, P. a., obedient: parentiores exercitus, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76 (al. paratiores).—II. Subst.: pārens, entis, comm., a subject:
parentes abunde habemus, Sall. J. 102, 7: vi quidem regere patriam aut parentes quamquam possis, etc., id. ib. 3, 2: ex voluntate parentium occupare principatum, Vell. 2, 108; and so Tac. A. 1, 59, acc. to Bötticher (but parentes, in this passage, signifies parents; cf. Kritz on Sall. C. 6, 5).Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
pāreō uī, —, ēre
2 PAR-, to appear, be visible, be at hand : caeli cui sidera parent, are intelligible , V.—Impers, it is clear, is evident, is manifest : factumne sit? at constat. A quo? at paret: si paret fundum Servili esse, if it be proved.—To obey, be obedient, submit, comply : meis dictis, T.: dicto pare, Enn. ap. C.: praecepto illi veteri: ei, uti deo: imperio, Cs.: paret incerta duobus (ventis), is swayed by , O.: dicto paretur, L.— To be subject, be dependent, be subservient : animus, qui nisi paret, Imperat, must be slave or master , H.: nulla fuit civitas, quin Caesari pareret, Cs.: virtuti omnia parent, S.— To submit, comply, indulge, gratify, yield : consuetudini: religioni potius vestrae quam odio.— To satisfy, fulfil, accomplish, pay : promissis, O.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*peh₂-
- Proto-Indo-European*peh₂s-
- Proto-Indo-European*peh₂séh₁yeti
- Proto-Italic*pāzējō
- Proto-Italic*pāzēō
- Latinpāreō
From Proto-Italic *pāzēō, from earlier *pāzējō, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-s- (“watch, see”), s-present of *peh₂- (“protect”). Cognates of Old Armenian հայիմ (hayim), Albanian pashë.
Insular Romance
- Sardinianparrere
- Sardinianparri
- Sardinianparriri
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianparere
- Italianparire
- Corsicanparè
- Dalmatianpur
- Neapolitanparere
- Sicilianpàrriri
- Venetanparer
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianpărea
- Aromanianpar
Gallo-Romance
- Catalanparer
- Old Frenchparoir
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianparê
- Romanshparair
- Romanshpareir
- Romanshparer
Elsewhere
- Emilianparair
- Vulgar Latin*pārēscere
In English words that came into English from pāreō
- transparenttrānspārēns
- appearappāreō
- appearanceapparentia
- transparencytrānspārentia
- apparitionapparitio
- apparentappārēns
- apparateappareo
- apparitorappāritor
- transparencetrānspārentia