verbthird conjugation
incēdō
incēdō (present infinitive incēdere, perfect active incessī, supine incessum)
Classical[ɪŋˈkeː.doː]Ecclesiastical[in̠ʲˈt͡ʃɛː.do]
Meaning
- to walk, stride, step, march (along)
- to walk or move … etc. with divine presence or attributes
“Ast ego, quae dīvum incēdō rēgīna, Iovisque et soror et coniūnx, ūnā cum gente tot annōs bella gerō. [...].” “But I, who walk in majesty as Queen of the Gods – both sister and wife of Jove – for so many years have waged war against one nation.”
(The incessus of the gods is a gliding, dignified movement. Syncopation: div[or]um, from divus.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.46–48 - to advance (move forwards), proceed, process, go or move (about, in, or on)
Nec nōn et Phrygiī comitēs et laetus Iūlus / incēdunt. [...]. Nor without the Phrygian comrades and joyful Iulus do they proceed. (Phrygian = Trojan; Iulus = Ascanius, son of Aeneas.)
29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.140-141 - to assail, invade
- to cause (make happen)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
compositē ambulōincēdō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 7
gradior, prōcēdōincēdō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 10
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Ire · Meare · Gradiri · Ingredi · Incedere · Vadere
1. Ire and meare denote to go, in the most general sense, as motion from one place to another; ire especially applies to persons, in consequence of an act of the will, like ἰέναι; but meare (from ἀμεύω) especially to beasts, ships, rivers, stars, as mere mechanical motion, in which reason has no share, like φοιτᾶν; whereas gradiri and ingredi, incedere and vadere, with particular accessory notions in regard to the manner of going; gradiri and ingredi, in a quiet manner, and with a regular measured step, in opp. to serpere, currere, stare; Cic. N. D. ii. 47. Att. ii. 23, like βαδίζειν; incedere, in a proud manner, and with a graceful measured step, as in a procession and march, in opp. to ambulare; Sen. N. Q. vii. 31, like ἐμβαίνειν; and vadere (ἐλθεῖν?) with alacrity and a quick step, as in travelling, and in attacking the enemy, in opp. to repere? like χωρεῖν; Thuc. v. 70. 2. Ingressus means going in general; incessus a manner of going peculiar to the individual, and by which he is known as well as by his physiognomy. Ingressus is purely physical; incessus is moral and characteristic. (iv. 53.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | incēdō | incēdēbam | incēdam | incessī | incesseram | incesserō |
| 2nd sg. | incēdis | incēdēbās | incēdēs | incessistī | incesserās | incesseris |
| 3rd sg. | incēdit | incēdēbat | incēdet | incessit | incesserat | incesserit |
| 1st pl. | incēdimus | incēdēbāmus | incēdēmus | incessimus | incesserāmus | incesserimus |
| 2nd pl. | incēditis | incēdēbātis | incēdētis | incessistis | incesserātis | incesseritis |
| 3rd pl. | incēdunt | incēdēbant | incēdent | incessērunt incessēre | incesserant | incesserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | incēdam | incēderem | incesserim | incessissem |
| 2nd sg. | incēdās | incēderēs | incesserīs | incessissēs |
| 3rd sg. | incēdat | incēderet | incesserit | incessisset |
| 1st pl. | incēdāmus | incēderēmus | incesserīmus | incessissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | incēdātis | incēderētis | incesserītis | incessissētis |
| 3rd pl. | incēdant | incēderent | incesserint | incessissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | incēdor | incēdēbar | incēdar |
| 2nd sg. | incēderis incēdere | incēdēbāris incēdēbāre | incēdēris incēdēre |
| 3rd sg. | incēditur | incēdēbātur | incēdētur |
| 1st pl. | incēdimur | incēdēbāmur | incēdēmur |
| 2nd pl. | incēdiminī | incēdēbāminī | incēdēminī |
| 3rd pl. | incēduntur | incēdēbantur | incēdentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | incēdar | incēderer |
| 2nd sg. | incēdāris incēdāre | incēderēris incēderēre |
| 3rd sg. | incēdātur | incēderētur |
| 1st pl. | incēdāmur | incēderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | incēdāminī | incēderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | incēdantur | incēderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | incēde | incēdere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | incēdite | incēdiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | incēditō | incēditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | incēditō | incēditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | incēditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | incēduntō | incēduntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | incēdere | incēdī |
| perfect infinitive | incessisse | incessum esse |
| future infinitive | incessūrum esse | incessum īrī |
| present participle | incēdēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | incessus |
| future participle | incessūrus incessūra, incessūrā, incessūrae, incessūram, incessūrārum, incessūrās, incessūre, incessūrī, incessūrīs, incessūrō, incessūrōrum, incessūrōs, incessūrum | incēdendus incēdundus, incēdenda, incēdendā, incēdendae, incēdendam, incēdendārum, incēdendās, incēdende, incēdendīs, incēdendōrum, incēdendōs |
gerundincēdendī, incēdendō, incēdendumsupineincessum, incessū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- indignatio aliquem incedit
- to be filled with indignation.
- agmine quadrato incedere, ire
- to march with closed ranks, in order of battle.
- citato gradu incedere (cf. sect. II. 5)
- to advance rapidly.
in-cēdo, cessi, cessum (
I. sync. perf. incesti, Plaut. Cas. 3, 6, 11), 3, v. n. and a., to go, step, or march along at a measured pace (class.).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.
(a). Neutr.:
tenero et molli ingressu suspendimus gradum: non ambulamus, sed incedimus, Sen. Q. N. 7, 31: per vias, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 71; cf.: socios per ipsos, Verg. A. 5, 188: viā, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 32: tota in urbe, Ov. F. 6, 653: quacumque incederet, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: quam taeter incedebat, quam truculentus, id. Sest. 8, 19: incessit deinde, qua duxit praedae spes, victor exercitus, Liv. 8, 36, 9: etiam si pedes incedat, memorabilem fore, id. 28, 9, 15: servi pedibus, liberi non nisi equis incedunt. i. e. walk ... ride, Just. 41, 3, 4; cf.: incedunt pueri, pariterque ante ora parentum Frenatis lucent in equis, Verg. A. 5, 553: a foro domum, Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 6: sessum impransum, id. Poen. prol. 10: qui huc incedit, id. Most. 1, 3, 152: ad me, id. Am. 1, 1, 179: huc ad nos, id. Trin. 5, 2, 27; cf.: undique nuntii incedunt, qui afferrent, etc., Tac. A. 11, 32: ut ovans praeda onustus incederem, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 146: vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existumes, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 174: quem modo decoratum ovantemque victoria incedentem vidistis, Liv. 1, 16, 10; 2, 6, 7: claro honore, Lucr. 3, 76: omnibus laetitiis, Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2: incedunt per ora vestra magnifici, Sall. J. 31, 10: ego quae divum incedo regina, who walk majestic as, who am, Verg. A. 1, 46; cf. Prop. 2, 2, 6: matrona incedit census induta nepotum, id. 3, 13, 11 (4, 12): ut mea Luxuria Nemesis fluat ut que per urbem Incedat donis conspicienda meis, Tib. 2, 3, 52.—(b). With acc.:
incedunt maestos locos, Tac. A. 1, 61: scaenam, id. ib. 14, 15: fontem aquae nando, id. ib. 14, 22.— B. In partic., in milit. lang., to move forwards, advance, march:
barbari in perculsos Romanos acrius incedere, Sall. J. 101, 7: in erumpentes, Liv. 9, 21: cohortes paulatim incedere jubet, Sall. C. 60, 1: munito agmine, id. J. 46, 6: agmen reliquum incedere coepit, Liv. 21, 33, 1: segnius Hispanorum signa incedebant, id. 28, 14, 18: Sabini usque ad portas urbis populantes incessere, id. 2, 63, 7: propius incedentes, Tac. A. 4, 47: quod gnarum duci incessitque itineri et proelio paratus, id. ib. 1, 51 (Ritter, but Halm omits paratus).—II. Trop.
A. In gen. (rare):
malitiae lenonis contra incedam, will encounter, Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 31: facilius ad inventionem animus incedet si, etc., will proceed to, Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 45 Orell. N. cr. — B. In partic.
1. To triumph over, exult over; with dat.:
meo nunc superbus incedis malo, Hor. Epod. 15, 18: ille superbus incedet victis rivalibus, Juv. 12, 126.— 2. Of inanim. and abstr. subjects, to come to, happen to, befall, attack, seize one; to approach, arrive, appear, occur (perh. not in Cic.); constr. with dat., acc., in and acc., or absol.
(a). With dat. (so most freq.):
exercitui omni tantus incessit ex incommodo dolor, ut, etc., Caes. B. C. 3, 74, 1: magnus omnium incessit timor animis, id. ib. 2, 29, 1: mulieres, quibus belli timor insolitus incesserat, etc., Sall. C. 31, 3 Kritz N. cr.; id. H. 2, 60: gravior cura patribus incessit, Liv. 4, 57, 10: incedebat enim deterrimo cuique licentia, Tac. A. 3, 36: cupido incessit animo, Curt. 7, 11, 4; 3, 1, 16: si sterilitas annorum incessit hominibus, Col. 2, 10, 1; Val. Max. 1, 8, 5.—(b). With acc.:
ipsum ingens cupido incesserat Tarenti potiundi, Liv. 24, 13, 5: timor patres incessit, ne, etc., id. 1, 17, 4; 2, 7, 1; 2, 32, 1; 7, 39, 4 et saep.: indignatio hostes incessit, id. 3, 60: adversa valetudo aliquem, Tac. A. 3, 71: ingens animos desperatio incessit, Curt. 4, 2, 16; 3, 8, 25: stupor omnes et admiratio incessit, Just. 22, 6, 11: cupido incessit aliquem (with acc. and inf.), Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 38, 6; 2, 16, 3.—(g). With in and acc.:
vis morbi, pestilentia incedit in castra, in Poenos Romanosque, Liv. 29, 10, 3: pestilentia incesserat pari clade in Romanos Poenosque, id. 28, 46, 15.— (d). Absol.:
nova nunc religio unde istaec incessit? Ter. And. 4, 3, 15: tantus eo facto timor incessit, Caes. B. C. 3, 101; Auct. B. Alex. 7: postquam tenebrae incedebant, Tac. A. 15, 37; cf.: ubi crepusculum incesserit, Col. 11, 1, 18: ubi tempestas incessit, id. 12, 2, 5: frigora, id. 12, 52, 12: siccitates, id. 5, 9, 11: lascivia atque superbia incessere, Sall. J. 41, 3: ubi Romam legati venere, tanta commutatio incessit, uti, etc., id. ib. 13, 7: religio deinde incessit, vitio eos creatos, Liv. 8, 17, 4: ubi pro modestia ac pudore ambitio et vis incedebat, Tac. A. 3, 26: haud invito imperatore ea fieri occultus rumor incedebat, went abroad, spread about, id. ib. 2, 55 fin.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
in-cēdō cessī, cessus, ere,
to advance, march, proceed, stride, move, stalk, strut: Virum incedere Video, T.: socios per ipsos, V.: Per meos finīs, H.: totā in urbe, O.: quācumque incederet: si pedes incedat, on foot, L.: omnibus laetitiis: per ora vestra magnifici, S.: ego quae divūm incedo <*>gina, walk in majesty, V.: meo nunc Superbus incedis malo, H.—Of troops, to move, advance, march, make way: in perculsos Romanos acrius, S.: infestior in erumpentīs incessit, L.: munito agmine, S.: usque ad portas urbis, L.: scaenam, to tread, Ta.: fontem nando, to traverse, Ta.— Fig., to advance, go on: facilius ad inventionem animus incedet, si, etc.—To come, happen, befall, attack, approach, arrive, appear, occur: Nova nunc religio unde istaec incessit? T.: tantus eo facto timor incessit, Cs.: super haec timor incessit Sabini belli, L.: lascivia atque superbia incessere, S.: anni principium incessit, Ta.: exercitui omni tantus incessit ex incommodo dolor, ut, etc., Cs.: quibus belli timor insolitus incesserat, S.: gravior cura patribus incessit, L.: ipsum ingens cupido incesserat Tarenti potiundi, L.: tantus terror Tarquinium incessit, ut, etc., L.: pestilentia incedit in castra, L.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁én
- Proto-Italic*en
- Proto-Italic*en-
- Latinincēdō
Latin cēdō Latin incēdō From in- (“against”) + cēdō (“go, move”).
Descendants
- Italianincedere
In English words that came into English from incēdō
- circumincessionincedere
- incessionincedere
- incedinglyincedere