LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbthird conjugation

subtrahō

subtrahō (present infinitive subtrahere, perfect active subtrāxī, supine subtractum)
Classical[ˈsʊp.tra.(ɦ)oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈsub.tra.o]

Meaning

  1. to pull out from under
  2. to remove, withdraw, subtract
  3. to withdraw, retire

In the readers how our graded readers gloss it

Conjugation conjugation 3

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.subtrahōsubtrahēbamsubtrahamsubtrāxīsubtrāxeramsubtrāxerō
2nd sg.subtrahissubtrahēbāssubtrahēssubtrāxistīsubtrāxerāssubtrāxeris
3rd sg.subtrahitsubtrahēbatsubtrahetsubtrāxitsubtrāxeratsubtrāxerit
1st pl.subtrahimussubtrahēbāmussubtrahēmussubtrāximussubtrāxerāmussubtrāxerimus
2nd pl.subtrahitissubtrahēbātissubtrahētissubtrāxistissubtrāxerātissubtrāxeritis
3rd pl.subtrahuntsubtrahēbantsubtrahentsubtrāxērunt
subtrāxēre		subtrāxerantsubtrāxerint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.subtrahamsubtraheremsubtrāxerimsubtrāxissem
2nd sg.subtrahāssubtraherēssubtrāxerīssubtrāxissēs
3rd sg.subtrahatsubtraheretsubtrāxeritsubtrāxisset
1st pl.subtrahāmussubtraherēmussubtrāxerīmussubtrāxissēmus
2nd pl.subtrahātissubtraherētissubtrāxerītissubtrāxissētis
3rd pl.subtrahantsubtraherentsubtrāxerintsubtrāxissent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.subtrahorsubtrahēbarsubtrahar
2nd sg.subtraheris
subtrahere		subtrahēbāris
subtrahēbāre		subtrahēris
subtrahēre
3rd sg.subtrahitursubtrahēbātursubtrahētur
1st pl.subtrahimursubtrahēbāmursubtrahēmur
2nd pl.subtrahiminīsubtrahēbāminīsubtrahēminī
3rd pl.subtrahuntursubtrahēbantursubtrahentur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.subtraharsubtraherer
2nd sg.subtrahāris
subtrahāre		subtraherēris
subtraherēre
3rd sg.subtrahātursubtraherētur
1st pl.subtrahāmursubtraherēmur
2nd pl.subtrahāminīsubtraherēminī
3rd pl.subtrahantursubtraherentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.subtrahesubtrahere
pres. 2nd pl.subtrahitesubtrahiminī
fut. 2nd sg.subtrahitōsubtrahitor
fut. 3rd sg.subtrahitōsubtrahitor
fut. 2nd pl.subtrahitōte—
fut. 3rd pl.subtrahuntōsubtrahuntor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitivesubtraheresubtrahī
perfect infinitivesubtrāxissesubtractum esse
future infinitivesubtractūrum essesubtractum īrī
present participlesubtrahēns—
perfect participle—subtractus
subtracta, subtractā, subtractae, subtractam, subtractārum, subtractās, subtracte, subtractī, subtractīs, subtractō, subtractōrum, subtractōs
future participlesubtractūrus
subtractūra, subtractūrā, subtractūrae, subtractūram, subtractūrārum, subtractūrās, subtractūre, subtractūrī, subtractūrīs, subtractūrō, subtractūrōrum, subtractūrōs, subtractūrum		subtrahendus
subtrahundus, subtrahenda, subtrahendā, subtrahendae, subtrahendam, subtrahendārum, subtrahendās, subtrahende, subtrahendīs, subtrahendōrum, subtrahendōs
gerundsubtrahendī, subtrahendō, subtrahendumsupinesubtractum, subtractū

sub-trăho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a.,
I. to draw away from underneath or by stealth; also, in gen., to draw off, carry off, withdraw, take away, remove, etc. (class.; syn. subduco).
I. Lit.: subtractus Numida mortuo superincubanti Romano vivus, Liv. 22, 51, 9 (Weissenb. substratus): pedibus raptim tellus subtracta, Lucr. 6, 605: effracto colla jugo, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 40: viro (peculium), Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 28: (impedimenta) clandestinā fugā, Hirt. B. G. 8, 33: aggerem cuniculis, Caes. B. G. 7, 22: si dediticii subtrahantur, id. ib. 1, 44; Cic. Mur. 37, 80: hastatos primae legionis ex acie, Liv. 10, 14: milites ab dextro cornu, id. 44, 37: cibum alicui, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 10: materiam, quae laedere videtur, Cels. 3, 4: oculos, to turn away, avert, Tac. A. 3, 53; id. Agr. 45: se a curiā et ab omni parte rei publicae, to withdraw, retire, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5; so, se, Liv. 44, 16: teque adspectu ne subtrahe nostro, Verg. A. 6, 465: Armeniam ad Parthos se subtrahentem, Flor. 4, 12, 43: servus domino se, Dig. 21, 1, 17. — Also without se: repente interdiu vel noctu subtrahebat, he would withdraw, Suet. Caes. 65: praefectum praetorio non ex ingerentibus sed ex subtrahentibus legere, Plin. Pan. 86, 2. — Mid.: vastis tremit ictibus puppis Subtrahiturque solum, withdraws itself, gives way under it, Verg. A. 5, 199: subtracto solo, Tac. A. 1, 70: subtractus fugā, Plin. 8, 37, 56, § 134.—
II. Trop.: neque verba sedem habere possunt, si rem subtraxeris, neque, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 19: necessaria cum periculo subtrahuntur, Quint. 4, 2, 44: verba pudoris gratiā, id. 9, 3, 59: verbum, id. 9, 3, 58: S litteram, id. 9, 4, 38: narrationem, id. 4, 2, 8: nomina candidatorum, Tac. A. 1, 81; for which: aliis nominatis, me unum subtrahebat, to omit, not mention, Curt. 6, 10, 7; id. ib. § 9: aliquem bello, Liv. 8, 29; cf.: cui judicio eum mors subtraxit, id. 6, 1: aliquem judicio, id. 9, 26: aliquem irae militum, Tac. H. 3, 7: aliquem minis populi, Just. 16, 4, 20.—Reflex.: me a curiā, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5: se legum actionibus, Quint. 7, 4, 39: se oneri, id. 12, 9, 21: se labori, Col. 1, 9, 6: se discrimini alicujus, Vell. 2, 86 fin. Ruhnk. et saep.: subtrahente se, withdrawing himself (as surety), Liv. 28, 25.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*upó
  2. Proto-Italic*supo
  3. Latinsubtrahō

Latin sub- Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-der.? Latin trahō Latin subtrahō From sub- + trahō (“to pull, drag”).

Descendants
  • Catalansostreure
  • Italiansottraggere
  • Italiansottrarre
  • Frenchsoustrairefrom Old French sustraire
  • Romaniansustragefrom Old French sustraire
  • Germansubtrahieren
  • Portuguesesubtrair
  • Spanishsubstraer
  • Spanishsustraer
  • Galiciansubtraer

Quick answers

What does subtrahō mean in Latin?
subtrahō, a verb, means “to pull out from under; to remove, withdraw, subtract; to withdraw, retire”.
What are the principal parts of subtrahō?
subtrahō, subtrahere, subtrāxī, subtractum (third conjugation).
How do you pronounce subtrahō?
In classical Latin, [ˈsʊp.tra.(ɦ)oː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈsub.tra.o].
Where does subtrahō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *upó → Proto-Italic *supo → Latin subtrahō.