verbsecond conjugation
arceō
arceō (present infinitive arcēre, perfect active arcuī, supine arcitum)
Classical[ˈar.ke.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈar.t͡ʃe.o]
Meaning
- transitiveto keep off, keep away, ward off, reject, repel
Quae dea sit? Quārē famulās ā līmine templī arceat (arcet enim) lībaque tosta petat?
Which goddess is she? Why does she keep away handmaids from the threshold of her temple (indeed she keeps [them] away), and asks for toasted cakes? (See: Mater Matuta.)8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 6.481–482Ante omnia arcendus puer ab authore, qui vitium poteſt fovere ac nutrire, quo is laboret : ut libidinoſus ab Ovidio, ſcurrilis a Martiale, maledicus & ſubſanator a Luciano, pronus ad impietatem a Lucretio, & pleriſque philoſophorum, Epicureis potiſſimum. Glorioſulo non multum conferet Cicero, niſi oſtendas […]
Above all, a boy should be kept off from an author that may foster and nourish his vice, as he does his work: and so the lecherous should be kept away from Ovid, the wisecracker from Martial, the slanderous from Lucian, the prone to impiety from Lucretius and most philosophers, especially Epicureans. Cicero does not bring much to the braggart, unless you [go out of your way to] show him […]early 16th century, Juan Luis Vives, De Disciplinis Libri XII De tradendis disciplinis liber III - transitiveto prevent, hinder
- transitiveto confine, keep close
Videbam illud scelus tam importunum, audaciam tam immanem adolescentis furentis, nobilis, vulnerati non posse arceri otii finibus
1923 translation by N. H. Watts I saw that criminality so savage and effrontery so monstrous, displayed by a maddened and exasperated young nobleman, could not be kept within the limits of a peaceful existence57 BCE, Cicero, De haruspicum responsis 5 - transitiveto shut up, enclose
- transitiveto keep away, take off, move away, alienate
neque tam armati inrumpentibus Romanis resistebant quam quod15 porta ballistis scorpionibusque instructa missilibus procul hostes arcebat
2020 translation by J. C. Yardley And resistance to the Romans as they attempted to break into the town was provided less by soldiers than by a gate equipped with ballistas and “scorpions” that kept their enemies at bay with projectiles.27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 26.6Odi profanum vulgus et arceo
I hate the ignorant crowd and keep them away23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 2.735 - transitiveto defend, protect (from)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
prohibeō, exclūdōarceō -ēre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 13, 19
prohibeō, procul teneōarceō -ēre — in Aeneis, ch. 1
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Arcere · Prohibere
Arcere (ἀρκεῖν, from ἐρύκειν) means to keep off and bar the entry, in opp. to admittere, Plin. H. N. xii. 1; on the other hand, prohibere means to keep at a distance, and prevent the approach, in opp. to adhibere. The arcens makes defensive opposition, like the resistens, and protects the threatened; but the prohibens acts on the offensive, like the propulsans, and retaliates hostility on the assailant. (iv. 430.)
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | arceō | arcēbam | arcēbō | arcuī | arcueram | arcuerō |
| 2nd sg. | arcēs | arcēbās | arcēbis | arcuistī | arcuerās | arcueris |
| 3rd sg. | arcet | arcēbat | arcēbit | arcuit | arcuerat | arcuerit |
| 1st pl. | arcēmus | arcēbāmus | arcēbimus | arcuimus | arcuerāmus | arcuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | arcētis | arcēbātis | arcēbitis | arcuistis | arcuerātis | arcueritis |
| 3rd pl. | arcent | arcēbant | arcēbunt | arcuērunt arcuēre | arcuerant | arcuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | arceam | arcērem | arcuerim | arcuissem |
| 2nd sg. | arceās | arcērēs | arcuerīs | arcuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | arceat | arcēret | arcuerit | arcuisset |
| 1st pl. | arceāmus | arcērēmus | arcuerīmus | arcuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | arceātis | arcērētis | arcuerītis | arcuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | arceant | arcērent | arcuerint | arcuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | arceor | arcēbar | arcēbor |
| 2nd sg. | arcēris arcēre | arcēbāris arcēbāre | arcēberis arcēbere |
| 3rd sg. | arcētur | arcēbātur | arcēbitur |
| 1st pl. | arcēmur | arcēbāmur | arcēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | arcēminī | arcēbāminī | arcēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | arcentur | arcēbantur | arcēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | arcear | arcērer |
| 2nd sg. | arceāris arceāre | arcērēris arcērēre |
| 3rd sg. | arceātur | arcērētur |
| 1st pl. | arceāmur | arcērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | arceāminī | arcērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | arceantur | arcērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | arcē | arcēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | arcēte | arcēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | arcētō | arcētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | arcētō | arcētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | arcētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | arcentō | arcentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | arcēre | arcērī |
| perfect infinitive | arcuisse | arcitum esse |
| future infinitive | arcitūrum esse | arcitum īrī |
| present participle | arcēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | arcitus arcita, arcitā, arcitae, arcitam, arcitārum, arcitās, arcite, arcitī, arcitīs, arcitō, arcitōrum, arcitōs |
| future participle | arcitūrus | arcendus arcenda, arcendā, arcendae, arcendam, arcendārum, arcendās, arcende, arcendīs, arcendōrum, arcendōs |
gerundarcendī, arcendō, arcendumsupinearcitum, arcitū
arcĕo, cui, ctum (arcitum, acc. to Prisc. p. 1265 P.) [cf. ἀρκέω = to keep off, to suffice; ἄρκιος = sufficient, safe; arx = a stronghold; arca = a strong-box, chest; ἀλαλκεῖν = to keep off; ἀλκή = defence, strength. Curt.].
I. To shut up, to enclose.
A. Lit.: arcere est continere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.:
alvus arcet et continet quod recipit, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136: orbis caelestis arcens et continens ceteros, id. Rep. 6, 17: nos flumina arcemus, dirigimus, avertimus, id. N. D. 2, 60, 152: hos quidem ut famulos vinclis prope ac custodiā arceamus, shut in, confine, id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48 (cf. Doed. Syn. II. p. 426).—B. Trop.:
videbam audaciam tam immanem non posse arceri otii finibus, Cic. Har. Resp. 3.—Also, to keep in order: arcendae familiae gratiā, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. noverca, p. 175 Müll.—II. To keep or hold off, to prevent from approaching, to keep at a distance: arcere prohibere est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.; constr. absol. aliquem, with ab, the simple abl., poet. also with dat.
(a). Absol. aliquem:
ille tenet et scit ut hostium copiae, tu ut aquae pluviae arceantur, Cic. Mur. 9, 22; so, aquam pluviam, aquas pluvias arcere, Cic. Top. 10, 43, and Dig. 39, 3: platanus solem arcet, Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 11: somnos ducere et arcere, Ov. M. 2, 735: Odi profanum vulgus et arceo, Hor. C. 3, 1, 1.— With an abstr. object: transitum hostis, to arrest, hinder, Liv. 26, 41.—Poet. and in postAug. prose, with inf. as object, to hinder, prevent: quae (dicta) clamor ad aures Arcuit ire meas, Ov. M. 12, 427: plagamque sedere Cedendo arcebat, id. ib. 3, 89; so id. P. 3, 3, 56; Stat. S. 2, 1, 34; id. Th. 1, 455; Sen. Hippol. 805; Sil. 13, 341 al.; Tac. A. 3, 72.— And without object: arcuit Omnipotens, Ov. M. 2, 505.—(b). With ab:
tu, Juppiter, hunc a tuis aris ceterisque templis arcebis, Cic. Cat. 1, 13 fin.: homines ab injuriā, etc., id. Leg. 1, 14: haec aetas a libidinibus arcenda est, id. Off. 1, 34, 122: homines ab improbitate, id. Par. 3, 2, 23: famulas a limine templi, Ov. F. 6, 482: aliquem ab amplexu, id. M. 9, 751: ignavum, fucos, pecus a praesepibus arcent, Verg. G. 4, 168.—(g). With the simple abl. (not with persons):
primordia genitali concilio arceri tempore iniquo, Lucr. 1, 183: illum ut hostem arcuit Galliā, Cic. Phil. 5, 13 fin.: te dominus illis sedibus arcebit, id. ib. 2, 40 fin.; so id. Tusc. 1, 37, 89: Virginiam matronae sacris arcuerant, Liv. 10, 23: aliquem aditu, id. 42, 6; so Suet. Ner. 46; Luc. 10, 499: aquā atque igni arcebatur, Tac. A. 3, 23; so id. ib. 3, 50 (cf. aqua, I. B. 3.) al.: arceor aris, Ov. M. 6, 209: patriis penatibus, id. ib. 9, 446 al.: aliquem funesto veterno, i. e. to protect, guard, Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 10: classes aquilonibus, id. A. P. 64 et saep.—(d). With dat., to keep off something from:
oestrum pecori, Verg. G. 3, 155 (cf.: Solstitium pecori defendite, id. E. 7, 47: mortem fratri depulit, Ov. H. 14, 130; and the Gr. ἀμύνειν νηυσὶ θοῇσι πῦρ, Hom. Il. 9, 435; 9, 347; v. also Rudd. II. p. 150).Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
arceō cuī, —, ēre
ARC-, to shut up, enclose: alvus arcet quod recipit: famulos vinclis, confine: arcebant vincula palmas, hampered, V.—Fig., to confine, restrain: audaciam otii finibus.—To prohibit access, keep away, hold off, keep at a distance: hostium copias: somnos, O.: volgus, H.: ferro contumeliam, avert by the sword, L.: hunc a templis: a munimentis vim, L.: aliquem ab amplexu, O.: eum ab illecebris peccantium, protect, Ta.: te illis aedibus: agro, L.: Virginiam matronae sacris, L.: arceor aris, O.: patriis penatibus, to banish, O.: aliquem funesto veterno, to protect, H.: Aenean periclis, V.: progressu: hunc (oestrum) pecori, to keep off, V.: arcuit Omnipotens, averted (the blow), O.—To hinder, prevent: quae (dicta) clamor ad aures Arcuit ire meas, O.: alqm alqd ad urbīs conferre, Ta.: illos, quin ascendant, L.: collis arcebat, ne adgrederentur, L.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂erk-
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂orkéyeti
- Proto-Italic*arkeō
- Latinarceō
From Proto-Italic *arkeō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ork-éye-ti, causative present of the root *h₂erk- (“to protect”). Cognates include Old Armenian արգել (argel, “obstacle”) and Ancient Greek ἀρκέω (arkéō).