verbfirst conjugation
īnstō
īnstō (present infinitive īnstāre, perfect active īnstitī, supine īnstātum)
Classical[ˈĩː.stoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈin.sto]
Meaning
- ambitransitiveto stand upon, set foot on
- to be nearby, close to, be imminent
- ambitransitivewith accusativewith dativeto assail, press upon, harass
instantes cedentibus
while pressing the retreating (soldiers)27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita I.37 - intransitivewith dativeto urge, pursue, insist, to be intent upon
- transitiveto urge (forward), ply
- intransitiveto be pressing, draw nigh, approach, threaten
In the readers how our graded readers gloss it
press on; threaten; be at hand
īnstō -āre — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | īnstō | īnstābam | īnstābō | īnstitī | īnstiteram | īnstiterō |
| 2nd sg. | īnstās | īnstābās | īnstābis | īnstitistī | īnstiterās | īnstiteris |
| 3rd sg. | īnstat | īnstābat | īnstābit | īnstitit | īnstiterat | īnstiterit |
| 1st pl. | īnstāmus | īnstābāmus | īnstābimus | īnstitimus | īnstiterāmus | īnstiterimus |
| 2nd pl. | īnstātis | īnstābātis | īnstābitis | īnstitistis | īnstiterātis | īnstiteritis |
| 3rd pl. | īnstant | īnstābant | īnstābunt | īnstitērunt īnstitēre | īnstiterant | īnstiterint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | īnstem | īnstārem | īnstiterim | īnstitissem |
| 2nd sg. | īnstēs | īnstārēs | īnstiterīs | īnstitissēs |
| 3rd sg. | īnstet | īnstāret | īnstiterit | īnstitisset |
| 1st pl. | īnstēmus | īnstārēmus | īnstiterīmus | īnstitissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | īnstētis | īnstārētis | īnstiterītis | īnstitissētis |
| 3rd pl. | īnstent | īnstārent | īnstiterint | īnstitissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | īnstor | īnstābar | īnstābor |
| 2nd sg. | īnstāris īnstāre | īnstābāris īnstābāre | īnstāberis īnstābere |
| 3rd sg. | īnstātur | īnstābātur | īnstābitur |
| 1st pl. | īnstāmur | īnstābāmur | īnstābimur |
| 2nd pl. | īnstāminī | īnstābāminī | īnstābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | īnstantur | īnstābantur | īnstābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | īnster | īnstārer |
| 2nd sg. | īnstēris īnstēre | īnstārēris īnstārēre |
| 3rd sg. | īnstētur | īnstārētur |
| 1st pl. | īnstēmur | īnstārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | īnstēminī | īnstārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | īnstentur | īnstārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | īnstā | īnstāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | īnstāte | īnstāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | īnstātō | īnstātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | īnstātō | īnstātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | īnstātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | īnstantō | īnstantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | īnstāre | īnstārī |
| perfect infinitive | īnstitisse | īnstātum esse |
| future infinitive | īnstātūrum esse | īnstātum īrī |
| present participle | īnstāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | īnstātus |
| future participle | īnstātūrus īnstātūra, īnstātūrā, īnstātūrae, īnstātūram, īnstātūrārum, īnstātūrās, īnstātūre, īnstātūrī, īnstātūrīs, īnstātūrō, īnstātūrōrum, īnstātūrōs, īnstātūrum | īnstandus īnstanda, īnstandā, īnstandae, īnstandam, īnstandārum, īnstandās, īnstande, īnstandīs, īnstandōrum, īnstandōs |
gerundīnstandī, īnstandō, īnstandumsupineīnstātum, īnstātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- fugientibus instare
- to press the fugitives.
- bellum impendet, imminet, instat
- a war is imminent.
in-sto, stĭti, stātum (e. g. instaturum, Liv. 10, 36, 3:
I.
instaturos, Front. Strat. 2, 6, 10 al.), 1, v. n., to stand in or upon a thing (class.). I. Lit.
A. In gen., constr. with dat., in and abl., or acc.
(a). With dat.:
jugis, Verg. A. 11, 529.— (b). With in and abl.: saxo in globoso, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Fragm. v. 367 Rib.):
instans in medio triclinio, Suet. Tib. 72.—(g). Absol., to draw nigh, approach; to impend, threaten:
quibus ego confido impendere fatum aliquod, et poenas jam diu debitas aut instare jam plane, aut certe jam appropinquare, Cic. Cat. 2, 5: instant apparatissimi magnificentissimique ludi, id. Pis. 27: cum illi iter instaret, id. Att. 13, 23: quidquid subiti et magni discriminis instat, Juv. 6, 520: ante factis omissis, illud quod instet, agi oportere, the subject in hand, Cic. Inv. 2, 11, 37. — Of persons: cum legionibus instare Varum, Caes. B. C. 2, 43.— B. In partic., to press upon, harass, molest, menace, threaten.—With dat., acc., or absol.
(a). With dat.:
cedenti, Liv. 10, 36: vestigiis, id. 27, 12, 9: instantem regi cometen videre, Juv. 6, 407.— (b). With acc.:
si me instabunt (al. mi), Plaut. Curc. 3, 1, 6.—II. Trop.
A. To urge or press upon one, to insist; to pursue a thing (syn. urgeo):
quamobrem urge, insta, perfice, Cic. Att. 13, 32, 1: accusatori, id. Font. 1: ille instat factum (esse), he insists upon the fact, Ter. And. 1, 1, 120.—To follow up eagerly, pursue; with dat. or acc. (a). With dat.:
instant operi regnisque futuris, Verg. A. 1, 504: talibus instans monitis (parens), Juv. 14, 210: non ignarus instandum famae, Tac. Agr. 18.— (b). With acc., to urge forward, ply, transact with zeal or diligence: instant mercaturam, Nov. ap. Non. 212, 30 (Com. Rel. p. 223 Rib.):
parte aliā Marti currumque, rotasque volucres Instabant, were hastening forward, working hard at, busily constructing, Verg. A. 8, 434: rectam viam, to go right, i. e. to be right, to hit the mark, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 40: unum instare de indutiis vehementissime contendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 17, 5; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 385.—B. To demand earnestly, solicit, insist upon:
satis est, quod instat de Milone, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2: quod profecto cum sua sponte, tum, te instante, faciet, at your instance, your solicitation, id. Att. 3, 15.— With inf.: instat Scandilius poscere recuperatores, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 59, § 136.—With ut or ne: tibi instat Hortensius, ut eas in consilium, Cic. Quint. 10: uxor acriter tua instat, ne mihi detur, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 33; cf.: nunc nosmet ipsi nobis instemus, ut, etc., Auct. Her. 4, 56, 69.—Impers.: profecto, si instetur, suo milite vinci Romam posse, Liv. 2, 44.—Hence, instans, antis, P. a. A. (Standing by, being near, i. e.) Present.
1. In gen.:
quae venientia metuuntur, eadem efficiunt aegritudinem instantia, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 11: ex controversia futuri, raro etiam ex instantis aut facti, id. de Or. 2, 25, 105: tempus, Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8: bellum, Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24.—2. In partic., gram. t. t.:
tempus, i.q. praesens tempus, the present tense, the present, Quint. 5, 10, 42; Charis. p. 147 P. et saep.—B. Pressing, urgent, importunate (post-Aug.):
periculum, Nep. Paus. 3, 5: species terribilior jam et instantior, Tac. H. 4, 83: gestus acer atque instans, Quint. 11, 3, 92 sq.; cf.: argumentatio acrior et instantior, id. ib. § 164: admonitio instantior, Gell. 13, 24, 19.—Adv.: instanter, vehemently, earnestly, pressingly: intente instanterque pronuntiare, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6: petere, id. ib. 5, 7, 22: plura acriter et instanter incipere, Quint. 9, 3, 30: dicere, id. 9, 4, 126.— Comp.: instantius concurrere, to fight more vehemently, Tac. A. 6, 35. — Sup.: instantissime desiderare, Gell. 4, 18.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
īn-stō stitī, statūrus, āre,
to stand upon, take a position: iugis, V.—To draw nigh, approach, be at hand, impend: partus instabat prope, T.: nox instabat, S.: ea quae videntur instare: instant ludi: cum illi iter instaret: quidquid subiti instat, Iu.: illud quod instet agi oportere, the subject in hand: quod instat, i. e. our purpose, V.: cum legionibus instare Varum, Cs.: quantae caedes Laurentibus instant, V.—To press upon, harass, molest, menace, threaten: comminus acriter, S.: rursus, Cs.: ferro: hinc Pallas instat, Hinc contra Lausus, V.: hostibus dubiis, S.: noli mihi instare: praecedentibus, H.: cedenti instaturus, L.: instantem regi cometen videre, Iu.—Fig., to urge, press, insist, pursue: quam ob rem urge, insta, perfice: addit et instat, H.: ille instat factum (esse), insists upon the fact, T.: accusatori.—To follow up eagerly, pursue, be intent upon, urge forward, drive: vox domini instantis, Iu.: Instant ardentes Tyrii, V.: instant operi, V.: talibus instans monitis (parens), Iu.: non ignarus instandum famae, Ta.: Marti currum, to work hard at, V.—To demand earnestly, solicit, insist upon: num ego insto? T.: unum de indutiis, make one demand, Cs.: quod te instante faciet, at your instance: instat Scandilius poscere recuperatores: tibi instat Hortensius, ut eas in consilium: profecto, si instetur, suo milite vinci Romam posse, L.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*énu
- Latinīnstō
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti Proto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti Proto-Italic *staējō Proto-Italic *staēō Latin stō Latin insto From in- (“after”) + stō (“to stand”). The meaning developed from “stand behind” to “pursue, be imminent” to “press, urge”.
Descendants
- Catalaninstant
- Frenchinstant
- Englishinstantfrom French instant