verbfirst conjugation
līberō
līberō (present infinitive līberāre, perfect active līberāvī, supine līberātum)
Classical[ˈliː.bɛ.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈliː.be.ro]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to free, set free, liberate
Camillus Rōmam ex obsidiōne Gallōrum līberāvit.
Camillus liberated Rome from the siege of the Gauls. - to release, deliver
- to absolve, acquit
Primum certe liberatur Milo non eo consilio profectus esse, ut insidiaretur in via Clodio
1931 translation by N. H. Watts In the first place Milo is clearly acquitted of having started with the deliberate intention of waylaying Clodius upon the road52 BCE, Cicero, Pro Milone 18.47sed crimen libidinis confessio intemperantiae liberavit
2000 translation by D. R. Shackleton Bailey but the confession of incontinence cleared the charge of lust14 CE – 37 CE, Valerius Maximus, Factorum et dictorum memorabilium 8.1.12
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
līberum faciō; iūdex eum quī nihil malī fēcit līberat.līberō -āre — in Mille Verba, Urbs et Aedificia
solvō, ē malō ēripiōlīberō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 6
to set free
līberō -āre — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 4, 7, 11, 17, 20, 25
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | līberō | līberābam | līberābō | līberāvī | līberāveram līberāram | līberāverō līberārō |
| 2nd sg. | līberās | līberābās | līberābis | līberāvistī līberāstī | līberāverās līberārās | līberāveris līberāris |
| 3rd sg. | līberat | līberābat | līberābit | līberāvit līberāt | līberāverat līberārat | līberāverit līberārit |
| 1st pl. | līberāmus | līberābāmus | līberābimus | līberāvimus līberāmus | līberāverāmus līberārāmus | līberāverimus līberārimus |
| 2nd pl. | līberātis | līberābātis | līberābitis | līberāvistis līberāstis | līberāverātis līberārātis | līberāveritis līberāritis |
| 3rd pl. | līberant | līberābant | līberābunt | līberāvērunt līberārunt, līberāvēre | līberāverant līberārant | līberāverint līberārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | līberem | līberārem | līberāverim līberārim | līberāvissem līberāssem |
| 2nd sg. | līberēs | līberārēs | līberāverīs līberārīs | līberāvissēs līberāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | līberet | līberāret | līberāverit līberārit | līberāvisset līberāsset |
| 1st pl. | līberēmus | līberārēmus | līberāverīmus līberārīmus | līberāvissēmus līberāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | līberētis | līberārētis | līberāverītis līberārītis | līberāvissētis līberāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | līberent | līberārent | līberāverint līberārint | līberāvissent līberāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | līberor | līberābar | līberābor |
| 2nd sg. | līberāris līberāre | līberābāris līberābāre | līberāberis līberābere |
| 3rd sg. | līberātur | līberābātur | līberābitur |
| 1st pl. | līberāmur | līberābāmur | līberābimur |
| 2nd pl. | līberāminī | līberābāminī | līberābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | līberantur | līberābantur | līberābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | līberer | līberārer |
| 2nd sg. | līberēris līberēre | līberārēris līberārēre |
| 3rd sg. | līberētur | līberārētur |
| 1st pl. | līberēmur | līberārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | līberēminī | līberārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | līberentur | līberārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | līberā | līberāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | līberāte | līberāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | līberātō | līberātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | līberātō | līberātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | līberātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | līberantō | līberantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | līberāre | līberārī līberārier |
| perfect infinitive | līberāvisse līberāsse | līberātum esse |
| future infinitive | līberātūrum esse | līberātum īrī |
| present participle | līberāns līberante, līberantem, līberantēs, līberantī, līberantia, līberantibus, līberantis, līberantīs, līberantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | līberātus līberāta, līberātā, līberātae, līberātam, līberātārum, līberātās, līberātī, līberātōrum, līberātōs |
| future participle | līberātūrus līberātūra, līberātūrā, līberātūrae, līberātūram, līberātūrārum, līberātūrās, līberātūre, līberātūrī, līberātūrīs, līberātūrō, līberātūrōrum, līberātūrōs, līberātūrum | līberandus |
gerundlīberandī, līberandō, līberandumsupinelīberātum, līberātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- aere alieno liberari
- to get out of debt.
- urbis obsidionem liberare
- to raise a siege (used of the army of relief).
- oppidum obsidione liberare
- to raise a siege (used of the army of relief).
lībĕro, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form of the
I. fut. perf. liberasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 66), v. a. 1. liber, to make or set free, to free, liberate (syn. vindico).
I. Lit., to release from slavery, to free, manumil:
amicas emite, liberate, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 22: liberem ego te? id. Men. 5, 7, 35: servos, Caes. B. C. 3, 9: sese, Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182: aliquem vindictā liberare, Plin. Ep. 7, 16, 4.— II. Transf.
A. In gen., to free, release, extricate, deliver (cf. levo) a person or thing from something (an obligation, debt, difficulty, etc.); constr.: aliquem (aliquid) ab aliqua re, with simple abl.; less freq. with gen.
a. With personal objects.
(a). With ab:
teque item ab eo vindico ac libero, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1: se a Venere, to release one's self from one's duty to Venus, id. Div. in Caecil. 17, 53.—(b). With abl.: divortio te liberabo incommodis, Poët. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:
defensionum laboribus senatoriisque muneribus liberatus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 1: aliquem culpā, id. Att. 13, 22, 3: aliquem invidiā, id. N. D. 1, 6, 13: aliquem suspicione crudelitatis, id. Fam. 1, 2, 3: aliquem magnā sollicitudine, id. Att. 6, 1, 10; cf.: populum metu, id. Rep. 1, 16, 25: liberatus omni perturbatione animi, id. ib. 1, 17, 28: aliquem periculo, Caes. B. C. 3, 83: obsidione, id. B. G. 4, 19: se aere alieno, to pay a debt, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 4.—(g). With gen.:
aliquem culpae, Liv. 41, 19: voti liberari, id. 5, 28.—* (d). With ex:
multos ex incommodis pecuniā, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 23.—(ε) With simple acc.: vectigales multos ac stipendiarios liberavit, exempted from taxes, Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10: Volusii liberandi, meum fuit consilium, to release from obligation, id. Fam. 5, 20, 4: Buthrotios cum Caesar decreto suo liberavisset, viz., from a division of their lands, id. Att. 16, 16, C, 11: amotusque post triumphum abdicatione dictaturae terror et linguam et animos liberaverat hominum, Liv. 6, 16, 8: (debitores) capitis deminutione liberantur, i. e. from debt, Gai. Inst. 3, 84 al.—b. With inanim. and abstr. objects:
eum (mundum) ab omni erratione liberavit, Cic. Univ. 6; cf. below, at the end of this number: quorum linguae sic inhaererent, ut loqui non possent, eae scalpello resectae liberarentur, would be set free, id. Div. 2, 46, 96: liberare agros, to free or exempt from taxes, id. Agr. 1, 4, 10: publica liberare, id. ib. 2, 21, 57; cf.: liberari omnia Asiae emporia portusque, Liv. 32, 33: liberata vectigalia, id. 41, 28: fundum alii obligatum liberare, Dig. 18, 1, 41: liberare fidem, to discharge one's promise, keep one's word, Cic. Fl. 20, 47: liberare promissa, to cancel promises, to make them void and of no effect, id. Off. 1, 10, 33: nomina, to settle debts, Liv. 7, 21: impensam, to clear or repay expenses, Col. 3, 3.—Of an abstr. object: divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti, Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51.—B. In partic.
1. To absolve or acquit in a court of justice (syn.:
absolvo, solvo): aliquem, opp. condemnare, Cic. Clu. 22, 60: aliquem crimine aliquo, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 71: liberatur Milo, non eo consilio profectus esse, is acquitted of the charge of having undertaken a journey with the design, etc., id. Mil. 18, 47: reum a judicibus hoc defensionis modo liberari non posse, Quint. 7, 4, 20.—Very rarely with acc. of the charge: crimen libidinis confessio intemperantiae liberavit, Val. Max. 8, 1, 12.—2. To clear, i. e. to pass, traverse, cross over a place without hinderance (post - Aug.):
flumen, Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3; 4, 7, 28; Hyg. Fab. 257: angustias freti, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 13: limen, Petr. 136.—3. Templa liberata, freed from buildings that obstructed the view, i. e. having a free prospect, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
līberō āvī, ātus, āre
1 liber, to set free, free, liberate, manumit : servos, Cs.: sese.— To free, release, extricate, deliver, acquit : vectigalīs multos ac stipendiarios liberavit, exempted from taxes : amotus terror animos liberaverat hominum, L.: ab eo: se a Venere, from his duty to Venus : me metu, T.: civitatem aere alieno, S.: servos supplicio: tenebris Hippolytum, H.: liberandi periculo, Cs.: se aere alieno, to pay a debt : aliquem culpae, L.: voti liberari, Cs.: multos ex incommodis pecuniā: eae (linguae) scalpello resectae liberarentur, would be set free : fidem, discharge a promise : promissa, cancel : nomina, settle , L.: templa liberata, cleared of buildings obstructing the view.—To absolve, acquit : Sopatrum illo crimine: liberatur Milo, non eo consilio profectus esse, of having started with the design , etc.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁lewdʰ-
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁léwdʰeros
- Proto-Italic*louðeros
- Old Latinloeber
- Latinlīberō
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin līberō From līber (“free”) + -ō.
Borrowings
- Catalanalliberar
- Englishliberate
- Frenchlibérer
- Romanianliberafrom French libérer
- Italianliberare
- Occitanliberar
- Portugueseliberar
- Spanishliberar
- Asturianliberar
- Galicianliberar
Gallo-Romance
- Catalanlliurar
- Occitanliurar
- Frenchlivrerfrom Old French livrer
- Afrikaanslewerfrom Old French livrer
- Negerhollandsleveerfrom Old French livrer
- Negerhollandsleweerfrom Old French livrer
- Negerhollandsleverfrom Old French livrer
- Indonesianleverfrom Old French livrer
- Sranan Tongoleiferfrom Old French livrer
- Middle Englishlyverenfrom Old French livrer
Italo-Romance
- Italianliverare
- Italianlivrare
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueselivrarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese livrar
- Spanishlibrar
- Asturianllibrar
- Galicianlibrarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese livrar
In English words that came into English from līberō
- deliverdē
- liberatelīberātus
- liberationliberatio
- deliberatedēlīberātus
- liberatorlīberātor
- dispatch*pactāre