verbsecond conjugation
coërceō
coërceō (present infinitive coërcēre, perfect active coërcuī, supine coërcitum)
Classical[koˈɛr.ke.oː]Ecclesiastical[koˈɛr.t͡ʃe.o]
Meaning
- to enclose on all sides, hold together; surround, encompass
- figurativelyto curb, restrain, tame, correct, appease
- to restrain, keep back, confine, shut up or in, hold in confinement, repress, coerce
sōla gerat mīles, quibus arma coerceat, arma
May the soldier bear arms only to restrain [the use of] arms.8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 1.715 - to prune, trim
tibi ius est porco piaculo facere illiusce sacri coercendi
It is your right to recieve a pig as a sacrifice for the pruning of this grove234 BCE – 149 BCE, Marcus Porcius Cato, De agri cultura 139 - figurativelyto keep within limits, control, limit
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
disciplīnā contineōcoerceō -ēre, -citus — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 20
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Coercere · Compescere
Coercere denotes restriction, as an act of power and superior strength; whereas compescere (from pedica, πεδᾶν) as an act of sovereign authority and wisdom. (iv. 427.)
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | coërceō | coërcēbam | coërcēbō | coërcuī | coërcueram | coërcuerō |
| 2nd sg. | coërcēs | coërcēbās | coërcēbis | coërcuistī | coërcuerās | coërcueris |
| 3rd sg. | coërcet | coërcēbat | coërcēbit | coërcuit | coërcuerat | coërcuerit |
| 1st pl. | coërcēmus | coërcēbāmus | coërcēbimus | coërcuimus | coërcuerāmus | coërcuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | coërcētis | coërcēbātis | coërcēbitis | coërcuistis | coërcuerātis | coërcueritis |
| 3rd pl. | coërcent | coërcēbant | coërcēbunt | coërcuērunt coërcuēre | coërcuerant | coërcuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | coërceam | coërcērem | coërcuerim | coërcuissem |
| 2nd sg. | coërceās | coërcērēs | coërcuerīs | coërcuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | coërceat | coërcēret | coërcuerit | coërcuisset |
| 1st pl. | coërceāmus | coërcērēmus | coërcuerīmus | coërcuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | coërceātis | coërcērētis | coërcuerītis | coërcuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | coërceant | coërcērent | coërcuerint | coërcuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | coërceor | coërcēbar | coërcēbor |
| 2nd sg. | coërcēris coërcēre | coërcēbāris coërcēbāre | coërcēberis coërcēbere |
| 3rd sg. | coërcētur | coërcēbātur | coërcēbitur |
| 1st pl. | coërcēmur | coërcēbāmur | coërcēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | coërcēminī | coërcēbāminī | coërcēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | coërcentur | coërcēbantur | coërcēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | coërcear | coërcērer |
| 2nd sg. | coërceāris coërceāre | coërcērēris coërcērēre |
| 3rd sg. | coërceātur | coërcērētur |
| 1st pl. | coërceāmur | coërcērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | coërceāminī | coërcērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | coërceantur | coërcērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | coërcē | coërcēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | coërcēte | coërcēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | coërcētō | coërcētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | coërcētō | coërcētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | coërcētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | coërcentō | coërcentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | coërcēre | coërcērī |
| perfect infinitive | coërcuisse | coërcitum esse |
| future infinitive | coërcitūrum esse | coërcitum īrī |
| present participle | coërcēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | coërcitus coercita, coercitā, coercitae, coercitam, coercitārum, coercitās, coercite, coercitī, coercitīs, coercitō, coercitōrum, coercitōs |
| future participle | coërcitūrus coercitūra, coercitūrā, coercitūrae, coercitūram, coercitūrārum, coercitūrās, coercitūre, coercitūrī, coercitūrīs, coercitūrō, coercitūrōrum, coercitūrōs, coercitūrum | coërcendus |
gerundcoërcendī, coërcendō, coërcendumsupinecoërcitum, coërcitū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- milites disciplina coercere
- to keep good discipline amongst one's men.
- animum regere, coercere, cohibere
- to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations.
- sibi imperare or continere et coercere se ipsum
- to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations.
- milites coercere et in officio continere (B. C. 1. 67. 4)
- to keep good discipline amongst one's men.
- coercere, cohibere, continere, domitas habere cupiditates
- to overcome one's passions.
cŏ-ercĕo, cui, cĭtum, 2, v. a. arceo,
I. to enclose something on all sides or wholly, to hold together, to surround, encompass:
qui (mundus) omnia complexu suo coërcet et continet, Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58; cf. id. ib. 2, 40, 101; Ov. M. 1, 31: quā circum Galli lorica coërcet, where the Gallic coat of mail encloses, Lucr. 6, 954; cf. of a band holding the hair together, Ov. M. 1, 477; 2, 413; Hor. C. 2, 19, 19; 1, 10, 18: est animus vitaï claustra coërcens, holding together the bands of life, Lucr. 3, 396.—B. Esp. with the access. idea of hindering free motion by surrounding; to restrain, confine, shut in, hold in confinement, repress (freq. and class.):
(amnis) nullis coërcitus ripis, Liv. 21, 31, 11; cf. Ov. M. 1, 342: (aqua) jubetur ab arbitro coërceri, to be kept in, repressed, Cic. Top. 9, 39 (cf., just before, the more usual arcere, v. arceo, II.); Dig. 43, 22, 1, §§ 6 and 8; 47, 11, 10: impetum aquarum, Curt. 8, 13, 9.—Of pruning plants: vitem serpentem multiplici lapsu et erratico, ferro amputans coërcet ars agricolarum, Cic. Sen. 15, 52; so of the vine, Col. 3, 21, 7; 4, 1, 5; Quint. 9, 4, 5; cf. id. 8, 3, 10.—Hence, sacrum (lucum), to trim, clip, Cato, R. R. 139: quibus (operibus) intra muros coërcetur hostis, Liv. 5, 5, 2: (mortuos) noviens Styx interfusa coërcet, Verg. A. 6, 439; cf.: Tantalum atque Tantali Genus coërcet (Orcus), Hor. C. 2, 18, 38: carcere coërcere animalia, Plin. 10, 50, 72, § 141: Hypermnestra ... gravibus coërcita vinclis, Ov. H. 14, 3; cf.: eos morte, exsilio, vinclis, damno coërcent, Cic. Off. 3, 5, 23: aliquem custodiā, Dig. 41, 1, 3, § 2: Galliae Alpibus coërcitae, Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5: miles coërcitus in tot receptis ex potestate hostium urbibus, Liv. 36, 24, 7.—Poet.: Messapus primas acies, postrema coërcent Tyrrhidae juvenes, hold together, i. e. command, lead on, Verg. A. 9, 27.—II. Trop.,
A. Of discourse, to keep within limits, control, confine, restrain, limit (syn.:
contineo, cohibeo): ut (nos) quasi extra ripas diffluentes coërceret, Cic. Brut. 91, 316; cf. id. Fin. 2, 1, 3; Quint. 12, 1, 20; 9, 2, 76; 10, 4, 1; and, the figure taken from bridling or curbing horses (cf.: frenisque coërcuit ora, Ov. M. 5, 643; and: spumantiaque ora coërcet, id. ib. 6, 226): exsultantia, Quint. 10, 4, 1; cf. id. 10, 3, 10: Augustus addiderat consilium coercendi intra terminos imperii, Tac. A. 1, 11.—Of words bound by measure: numeris verba coërcere, Ov. P. 4, 8, 73.—But most freq., B. Morally, to hold some fault, some passion, etc., or the erring or passionate person in check, to curb, restrain, tame, correct, etc. (syn.:
contineo, cohibeo, refreno, reprimo, domo): cupiditates, Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; Quint. 12, 2, 28: temeritatem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 47: improbitatem, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 208: rabiem gentis, Liv. 41, 27, 4: faenus, id. 32, 27, 3: procacitatem hominis manibus, Nep. Timol. 5, 2: suppliciis delicta, Hor. S. 1, 3, 79 al.: aliquid poenae aut infamiae metu, Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73: omnibus modis socios atque cives, Sall. C. 29 fin.: genus hominum neque beneficio, neque metu coërcitum, id. J. 91, 7: duabus coërcitis gentibus, Liv. 31, 43, 4; 39, 32, 11; Caes. B. C. 1, 67: verberibus potius quam verbis, Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 5; so Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3; id. Off. 3, 5, 23; v. A. supra: pueros fuste, Hor. S. 1, 3, 134; Tac. G. 25: incensum ac flagrantem animum, id. Agr. 4: licentiam, id. H. 1, 35.—Poet.: carmen, quod non Multa dies et multa litura coërcuit, corrected, finished, Hor. A. P. 293.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
coërceō cuī, citus, ēre
com- + arceo, to enclose on all sides, hold together, surround, encompass: (mundus) omnia coërcet: Vitta coercebat capillos, O.: virgā coërces turbam, H. — To restrain, confine, shut in, hold, repress, control: (amnis) nullis coërcitus ripis, L.: Bucina coërcuit (undas), O.: frenisque coërcuit ora, O.: vitem ferro amputans coërcet: (operibus) intra muros coërcetur hostis, L.: (mortuos) Styx coërcet, V.: Tantalum coërcet (Orcus), H.: Messapus primas acies, controls, V.—Fig., of discourse, to control, confine, restrain, limit: (nos) quasi extra ripas diffluentes.—To hold in check, curb, restrain, tame, correct: cupiditates: procacitatem hominis manibus, N.: suppliciis delicta, H.: in praetore coërcendo fortes: quibus rebus coërceri milites soleant, Cs.: pueros fuste, H.: animum, Ta.: coërcendi ius (in contione), of maintaining order, Ta.: carmen, quod non Multa dies coërcuit, corrected, H.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
- Proto-Italic*kom
- Proto-Italic*kom-
- Latincoërceō
Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Proto-Indo-European *h₂orkéyeti Proto-Italic *arkeō Latin arceō Latin coërceō From con- + arceō (“enclose; keep off”).
Descendants
- Englishcoerce
- Frenchcoercer
- Italiancoercere
- Italiancoercire
- Spanishcoercer
In English words that came into English from coërceō
- coercioncoërcitiō
- coercecoërceō