verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation
iniciō
iniciō (present infinitive inicere, perfect active iniēcī, supine iniectum)
Classical[ɪnˈjɪ.ki.oː]Ecclesiastical[inˈjiː.t͡ʃi.o]
Meaning
- to throw, cast, hurl or place in, on, into, upon, over or at
- to grasp, seize, take hold of, lay one's hands upon
Fac ergō, mī Lūcīlī, quod facere tē scrībis, omnēs hōrās complectere; sīc fīet ut minus ex crāstinō pendeās, sī hodiernō manum iniēcerīs.
Therefore, my dear Lucilius, do what you write [me that] you are doing: embrace every hour. In this way it will happen that you will depend less on tomorrow if today you will have seized the task at hand. (Can be understood figuratively, “to accept responsibility,” as well as literally, “to do the work,” and Seneca’s emphasis here is probably more the latter sense of activity — whether grabbing a shovel or, in his example, taking up a pen.)c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 1.1.2 - to seize, take possession of
- to inspire, infuse, cause
- to dwell or reflect upon
- to suggest, mention
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
in aliquid iaciō, immittōinicio -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 24
manūs immittōiniciō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 20
super iactōiniciō -ere — in Aeneis, ch. 15
throw upon; inspire
iniciō -ere, -iēcī — in De Bello Gallico II
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iniciō | iniciēbam | iniciam | iniēcī | iniēceram | iniēcerō |
| 2nd sg. | inicis | iniciēbās | iniciēs | iniēcistī | iniēcerās | iniēceris |
| 3rd sg. | inicit | iniciēbat | iniciet | iniēcit | iniēcerat | iniēcerit |
| 1st pl. | inicimus | iniciēbāmus | iniciēmus | iniēcimus | iniēcerāmus | iniēcerimus |
| 2nd pl. | inicitis | iniciēbātis | iniciētis | iniēcistis | iniēcerātis | iniēceritis |
| 3rd pl. | iniciunt | iniciēbant | inicient | iniēcērunt iniēcēre | iniēcerant | iniēcerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iniciam | inicerem | iniēcerim | iniēcissem |
| 2nd sg. | iniciās | inicerēs | iniēcerīs | iniēcissēs |
| 3rd sg. | iniciat | iniceret | iniēcerit | iniēcisset |
| 1st pl. | iniciāmus | inicerēmus | iniēcerīmus | iniēcissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | iniciātis | inicerētis | iniēcerītis | iniēcissētis |
| 3rd pl. | iniciant | inicerent | iniēcerint | iniēcissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | inicior | iniciēbar | iniciar |
| 2nd sg. | iniceris inicere | iniciēbāris iniciēbāre | iniciēris iniciēre |
| 3rd sg. | inicitur | iniciēbātur | iniciētur |
| 1st pl. | inicimur | iniciēbāmur | iniciēmur |
| 2nd pl. | iniciminī | iniciēbāminī | iniciēminī |
| 3rd pl. | iniciuntur | iniciēbantur | inicientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | iniciar | inicerer |
| 2nd sg. | iniciāris iniciāre | inicerēris inicerēre |
| 3rd sg. | iniciātur | inicerētur |
| 1st pl. | iniciāmur | inicerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | iniciāminī | inicerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | iniciantur | inicerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | inice | inicere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | inicite | iniciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | inicitō | inicitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | inicitō | inicitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | inicitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | iniciuntō | iniciuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | inicere iniicere | inicī |
| perfect infinitive | iniēcisse | iniectum esse |
| future infinitive | iniectūrum esse | iniectum īrī |
| present participle | iniciēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | iniectus iniecta, iniectā, iniectae, iniectam, iniectārum, iniectās, iniecte, iniectī, iniectīs, iniectō, iniectōrum, iniectōs |
| future participle | iniectūrus iniectūra, iniectūrā, iniectūrae, iniectūram, iniectūrārum, iniectūrās, iniectūre, iniectūrī, iniectūrīs, iniectūrō, iniectūrōrum, iniectūrōs, iniectūrum | iniciendus iniciundus, inicienda, iniciendā, iniciendae, iniciendam, iniciendārum, iniciendās, iniciende, iniciendīs, iniciendōrum, iniciendōs |
gerundiniciendī, iniciendō, iniciendumsupineiniectum, iniectū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- inicere pontem
- to build a bridge over a river.
- in medios hostes se inicere
- to rush into the midst of the foe.
- dubitatio mihi affertur, inicitur
- a doubt arises in my mind.
- spem alicui facere, afferre, inicere
- to inspire any one with hope.
- manus inicere, inferre, afferre alicui
- to lay violent hands on a person.
- copulas, manus ferreas (in navem) inicere
- to throw grappling irons on board; to board.
- religionem alicui afferre, inicere, incutere
- to inspire some one with religious scruples.
- mentionem inicere de aliqua re or Acc. c. Inf.
- to mention a thing incidentally, casually.
2 more phrases
- suspicionem movere, excitare, inicere, dare alicui
- to rouse a person's suspicions.
- timorem, terrorem alicui inicere, more strongly incutere
- to inspire fear, terror.
īnĭcĭo (less correctly injĭcĭo, v. Brambach's Hilfsb. p. 19), jēci, jectum (endojacito for inicito, Leg. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. in struere, p. 313, a, Müll.:
A. Lit., to throw, cast, or put in, on, or into:
cum mea domus ardebat ignibus injectis, Cic. Pis. 11, 26: ignem castris, Liv. 40, 31, 9: ignes tectis, id. 25, 39, 3: semen, Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 173: opus flammis, Quint. 6 praef. 3: foculo manum, Liv. 2, 12, 13: vestem flammae, Suet. Caes. 84; hence: inicere se, to throw or fling one's self anywhere: se in medios hostes ad perspicuam mortem, Cic. Dom. 24, 64: se in ignem. Ter. And. 1, 1, 113: sese medium in agmen, Verg. A. 2, 408: sese morti, id. ib. 9, 553: se flammae, Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 143.— B. To throw or put on or upon, to throw at or over any thing.— In gen.: pallium inice in me huc, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 26:
eique laneum pallium injecit, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: togam ex integro, Quint. 11, 3, 156: bracchia collo, Ov. M. 3, 389; cf.: bracchia caelo, i.e. to attack, id. ib. 1, 184: securim alicui, Cic. Mur. 24, 48: pontem, Liv. 26, 6, 2: eo super tigna sesquipedalia iniciunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 10: taedas ad fastigia tectorum, Val. Fl. 2, 235: manicas alicui, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 1: catenas alicui, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106; cf.: vincula alicui, id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; Verg. E. 6, 19: frenos alicui, Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20: frena, Hor. C. 4, 15, 11: spiranti pulvinum, Suet. Calig. 12: cervicibus laqueum, id. Vit. 17: injecti umeris capilli, i. e. falling over her shoulders, Ov. M. 11, 770.— C. Esp.
1. Inicere manum alicui, to lay one's hand on, to take hold of any one, in order to make him stand still, Petr. 115. —
2. In a jurid. sense, to seize, take possession of, as one's property, without a previous judicial decision (which was permitted, e. g. to a master on meeting with his runaway slave;
v. injectio): virgini venienti in forum minister decemviri manum injecit, servā suā natam appellans, Liv. 3, 44, 6; so Dig. 18, 7, 9 al.—So too in summoning before a judge: ubi quadruplator quempiam injexit (injecerit) manum, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18; id. Truc. 4, 2, 49.—II. Trop.
A. In gen., to bring into, inspire, infuse, occasion, cause:
inicere tumultum civitati, Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 7: alicui formidinem, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 68: spem, id. Att. 3, 22, 1: terrorem mortis, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31: religionem, id. Caecin. 33, 97: scrupulum, id. Clu. 28, 76: alicui mentem ut audeat, id. Mil. 31, 84: alicui cogitationem de triumpho, id. Att. 7, 3, 2: curam, ne, Liv. 27, 4, 2: alacritatem et studium pugnandi exercitui, Caes. B. G. 1, 46: metum alicui in pectus, Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 26: vultis hoc certamen uxoribus vestris inicere? to give occasion for, Liv. 34, 4, 14: cunctationem, to cause delay, id. 35, 25, 5: arma regnis, i. e. bellum inferre, Stat. Th. 1, 241: frustrationem, to produce deception, confusion, Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 15: alicui causam deliberandi, to furnish, Cic. Caecin. 2, 4: plaga injecta petitioni, given, Cic. Mur. 23, 48.— b. Of the mind, with se, to dwell upon, reflect on:
in quam (magnitudinem regionum) se iniciens animus, etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54.— B. In partic.
1. Manus inicere (acc. to I. B.), to seize upon, take possession of, exercise power over:
animus sacer et aeternus est, et cui non possint inici manus, Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 11 fin.: quieti ejus injeci manum, I have torn him away from his repose, Plin. Ep. 10, 19, 2: injecere manum Parcae, took possession of him, Verg. A. 10, 419.—2. Inicere, to throw out a hint, to mention, suggest:
quia nuper injecit, Cic. Quint. 21, 68: Bruto cum saepe injecissem de ὁμοπλοίᾳ, id. Att. 16, 5, 3: cum mihi in sermone injecisset, se velle, etc., Trebon. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 2: alicui nomen alicujus, id. Dom. 6, 14.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
iniciō (iniiciō), iēcī, iectus, ere
1 in+iacio, to throw in, put in, hurl upon, put on, cast on, set into: domus ardebat ignibus iniectis: eo militibus iniectis (i. e. in navīs), Cs.: dextram accenso foculo, L.: iniecto ter pulvere, H.: ignīs tectis, L.: mihi terram, bury, V.: se in medios hostīs: sese medium in agmen, V.—To form by throwing, heap up, build: velut aggere aut ponte iniecto, L.—To insert, build in: eo super tigna sesquipedalia iniciunt, Cs.—To put on, throw over, impose, apply: inici catenas imperat: eique laneum pallium iniecit: bracchia caelo, i. e. attack, O.: ipsis ex vincula sertis, V.: iniecti umeris capilli, falling over, O.—In the phrase, manum inicere, with dat, to lay hands on, seize, take possession of: virgini, L.: ipsa mihi veritas manum inicit, i. e. checks: Iniecere manum Parcae (sc. iuveni), V.— Fig., to bring into, inspire, suggest, impress, infuse, occasion, cause: terrorem mortis: cunctationem, L.: stimulis iras, V.: scrupulum homini, T.: tumultum civitati: studium pugnandi exercitui, Cs.: vobis causam deliberandi, furnish: plaga iniecta petitioni, given: puellis curam, H.: in alqd se iniciens animus, dwelling on.—To throw out a hint, mention, suggest: Bruto cum saepe iniecissem de, etc.: meum nomen imperitis: mentio de furtis iniecta, H.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁én
- Proto-Italic*en
- Proto-Italic*en-
- Latininiciō
Proto-Indo-European *(H)yeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-kt Proto-Indo-European *(H)yéh₁kt ~ *(H)ih₁kéntder. Latin iaciō Latin iniciō From in- (“in, at, on; into, onto”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”).
Descendants
- Englishinject
- Frenchinjecter
- Italianiniettare
- Romanianinjecta
- Spanishinyectar
- Galicianenxeitar