verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation
prōiciō
prōiciō (present infinitive prōicere, perfect active prōiēcī, supine prōiectum)
Classical[proːˈjɪ.ki.oː]Ecclesiastical[proˈjiː.t͡ʃi.o]
Meaning
- to throw, thrust, drive, fling or hurl forth, down, away or out; discharge, scatter
- broadlyto stretch out, hold out, extend, project
- broadlyto cast out, expel, exile, banish
- to let part of a building jut out, cause to project
- figurativelyto throw away, give up, yield, resign, renounce, reject, disdain; neglect, desert, abandon
- figurativelyto rush into something; degrade oneself
- figurativelyto put off, defer, delay
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
arma prōiciuntur = arma ante pedēs iacta suntthrow forward
prōiciō -ere, -iēcī — in De Bello Gallico III, ch. 22
forās iaciō, abiciōprōiciō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 11, 16
ante mē iaciō, abiciōprōiciō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 16
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | prōiciō | prōiciēbam | prōiciam | prōiēcī | prōiēceram | prōiēcerō |
| 2nd sg. | prōicis | prōiciēbās | prōiciēs | prōiēcistī | prōiēcerās | prōiēceris |
| 3rd sg. | prōicit | prōiciēbat | prōiciet | prōiēcit | prōiēcerat | prōiēcerit |
| 1st pl. | prōicimus | prōiciēbāmus | prōiciēmus | prōiēcimus | prōiēcerāmus | prōiēcerimus |
| 2nd pl. | prōicitis | prōiciēbātis | prōiciētis | prōiēcistis | prōiēcerātis | prōiēceritis |
| 3rd pl. | prōiciunt | prōiciēbant | prōicient | prōiēcērunt prōiēcēre | prōiēcerant | prōiēcerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | prōiciam | prōicerem | prōiēcerim | prōiēcissem |
| 2nd sg. | prōiciās | prōicerēs | prōiēcerīs | prōiēcissēs |
| 3rd sg. | prōiciat | prōiceret | prōiēcerit | prōiēcisset |
| 1st pl. | prōiciāmus | prōicerēmus | prōiēcerīmus | prōiēcissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | prōiciātis | prōicerētis | prōiēcerītis | prōiēcissētis |
| 3rd pl. | prōiciant | prōicerent | prōiēcerint | prōiēcissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | prōicior | prōiciēbar | prōiciar |
| 2nd sg. | prōiceris prōicere | prōiciēbāris prōiciēbāre | prōiciēris prōiciēre |
| 3rd sg. | prōicitur | prōiciēbātur | prōiciētur |
| 1st pl. | prōicimur | prōiciēbāmur | prōiciēmur |
| 2nd pl. | prōiciminī | prōiciēbāminī | prōiciēminī |
| 3rd pl. | prōiciuntur | prōiciēbantur | prōicientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | prōiciar | prōicerer |
| 2nd sg. | prōiciāris prōiciāre | prōicerēris prōicerēre |
| 3rd sg. | prōiciātur | prōicerētur |
| 1st pl. | prōiciāmur | prōicerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | prōiciāminī | prōicerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | prōiciantur | prōicerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | prōice | prōicere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | prōicite | prōiciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | prōicitō | prōicitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | prōicitō | prōicitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | prōicitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | prōiciuntō | prōiciuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | prōicere | prōicī |
| perfect infinitive | prōiēcisse | prōiectum esse |
| future infinitive | prōiectūrum esse | prōiectum īrī |
| present participle | prōiciēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | prōiectus prōiecta, prōiectā, prōiectae, prōiectam, prōiectārum, prōiectās, prōiecte, prōiectī, prōiectīs, prōiectō, prōiectōrum, prōiectōs |
| future participle | prōiectūrus prōiectūra, prōiectūrā, prōiectūrae, prōiectūram, prōiectūrārum, prōiectūrās, prōiectūre, prōiectūrī, prōiectūrīs, prōiectūrō, prōiectūrōrum, prōiectūrōs, prōiectūrum | prōiciendus prōiciundus, prōicienda, prōiciendā, prōiciendae, prōiciendam, prōiciendārum, prōiciendās, prōiciende, prōiciendīs, prōiciendōrum, prōiciendōs |
gerundprōiciendī, prōiciendō, prōiciendumsupineprōiectum, prōiectū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- ad pedes alicuius se proicere, se abicere, procumbere, se prosternere
- to throw oneself at some one's feet.
prō-ĭcĭo (projĭcĭo), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. jacio.
I. Lit.
A. In gen., to throw forth or before; to fling away, throw down; to throw, thrust, drive, or put out; to stretch out, hold out, extend: projectum odoraris cibum, thrown before or to you, Hor. Epod. 6, 10:
frusto cibarii panis ei projecto, App. M. 6, p. 177, 36: cadavera projecta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 25 Müll.: crates, Caes. B. G. 7, 81: aquilam intra vallum, id. ib. 5, 37: aurum in mediā Libyā, Hor. S. 2, 3, 100: aliquid in ignem, Caes. B. G. 7, 25: geminos cestus in medium, Verg. A. 5, 402: tela manu, id. ib. 6, 835: arma, of one in flight (cf.: abicere arma, Just. 8, 2, 4), Caes. B. C. 3, 98; id. B. G. 7, 40; 8, 29; Hirt. B. Alex. 76: omnibus projectis fugae consilium capere, Caes. B. C. 1, 20: insepultos, Liv. 29, 9; Suet. Vesp. 21, 3, 19: Diogenes proici se jussit inhumatum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 43, 104: parvam, to cast out, expose, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 74: artus, to stretch out, Val. Fl. 7, 141: hastam, to hold out, extend, Nep. Chabr. 1, 2: strato graves artus, Val. Fl. 7, 141: scutum, to hold in front, to oppose, Sisenn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4; Liv. 7, 10; cf.: projecto prae se clipeo, id. 32, 25: proicere se ad pedes alicujus, Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Caes. B. G. 1, 31: ad genua alicujus se proicere, Liv. 26, 32, 8: se ex navi, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: se super exanimem amicum, Verg. A. 9, 444: se in forum, Liv. 2, 23; cf.: projecturus semet in flumen, Curt. 9, 4, 12; Gai. Inst. 3, 219.—B. In partic.
1. To cast out, expel; to exile, banish:
tantam pestem evomere et proicere, Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2: in exilium proici, Sen. Prov. 3, 2: aliquem ab urbe, Ov. M. 15, 504: vix duo projecto (mihi) tulistis opem, id. P. 2, 3, 30: Agrippam in insulam, Tac. A. 1, 3; 4, 71: a facie tuā, Vulg. Psa. 50, 12. —2. In architecture, to let any part of a building jut out, to cause to project:
tectum, Cic. Top. 4, 24: jus immittendi tigna in parietem vicini, proiciendi, protegendi, etc., Dig. 8, 2, 1.—II. Trop.
A. To throw away, i. e. to give up, yield, resign, renounce, reject, disdain, etc. (cf. depono):
nec pro his libertatem, sed pro libertate haec proicias, Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 6; id. Rab. Post. 12, 33: patriam virtutem, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: spem salutis, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 3: ampullas et sesquipedalia verba, Hor. A. P. 97: pudorem, Ov. M. 6, 544: senatūs auctoritatem, Tac. A. 1, 42; cf. Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 8: diem, to deprive one's self of the light of day, to blind one's self, Stat. Th. 2, 237.—Esp. of life: animas, Verg. A. 6, 436: vitam, Luc. 4, 526.—With personal objects: aliquem, to neglect, desert, forsake, abandon, Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 8: Deum, Vulg. 1 Reg. 10, 19.—B. With se, to rush into any thing:
si qui se in hoc judicium forte projecerint, Cic. Cael. 9, 22.—2. In partic.
a. To rush into danger:
epistulae tuae monent et rogant, ne me proiciam, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5: non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam si una projeceris te, id. ib. 9, 10, 8; cf.: in miserias projectus sum, Sall. J. 14, 21.—b. To degrade one's self:
se in muliebres et inutiles fletus, Liv. 25, 37, 10.—c. To obtrude itself:
quae libido non se proripiet ac proiciet occultatione propositā, Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73.—C. To put off as to time, to defer, delay (post-Aug.):
quantum odii fore ab iis qui ultra quinquennium proiciantur, Tac. A. 2, 36.— Hence, prōjectus, a, um, P. a. A. Lit., stretched out, extended, jutting out, projecting:
urbs projecta in altum, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 21: projecta saxa, Verg. A. 3, 699: ova, Liv. 22, 20; and: insula a septentrione in meridiem projecta, Plin. 3, 6, 12, § 80: ventre projecto, projecting, prominent, Suet. Ner. 51; cf. in comp.: ventre paulo projectiore, id. Tit. 3.—Hence, 2. Subst.: prō-jectum, i, n., a jutty, projection, projecture in a building, Dig. 50, 16, 242; 43, 17, 6; 43, 24, 22.—
B. Trop.
1. Prominent, manifest:
projecta atque eminens audacia, Cic. Clu. 65, 183; id. Rep. 3, 7, 11 (from Non. 373, 25): cupiditas, id. Dom. 44, 115.—2. Inclined, addicted to any thing, immoderate in any thing:
homo ad audendum projectus, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2: homines in verba projecti, Gell. 1, 15, 20: in libidinem, Just. 41, 3, 9.—Sup.: projectissima ad libidinem gens, Tac. H. 5, 5.—3. Thrown away; hence, abject, mean, base, contemptible, = abjectus, contemptus:
non esse projectum consulare imperium, Liv. 2, 27: projecta patientia, Tac. A. 3, 65 fin.: projectā vilior algā, Verg. E. 7, 42.—Comp.: quid esse vobis aestimem projectius? Prud. στεφ. 10, 153.—4. Downcast:
vultus projectus et degener, Tac. H. 3, 65.—Hence, adv.: prō-jectē, carelessly, indifferently (post-class.): Tert. Pud. 13.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
prōiciō iēcī, iectus, ere
pro+iacio, to throw forth, cast before, throw out, throw down, throw : Tu (canis) Proiectum odoraris cibum, thrown to you , H.: aquilam intra vallum, Cs.: infantem provectum in mare proiecerunt, carried out to sea and threw overboard , L.: geminos cestūs in medium, V.— To throw away, cast out, cast off, let go, abandon : omnibus proiectis fugae consilium capere, Cs.: tela manu, V.: tribunos insepultos, L.: qui servos proicere aurum iussit, H.— To throw forward, hold out, extend : hastam, N.: scutum, hold in front , L.: proiecto pede laevo, V.: quo tectum proiceretur, was extended .—With pron reflex., to throw oneself, fall prostrate : vos ad pedes leonis: sese Caesari ad pedes, Cs.: ad genua se Marcelli, L.: se super exanimum amicum, V.: semet in flumen, Cu.— To cast out, expel, exile, banish : tantam pestem: inmeritum ab urbe, O.—Fig., to throw away, give up, yield, resign, sacrifice, reject : pro his libertatem: patriam virtutem, Cs.: ampullas et sesquipedalia verba, H.: pudorem, O.: animas, killed themselves , V.— To neglect, desert, abandon : pati fortunam paratos proiecit ille, Cs. — To throw, hurry, precipitate : in miserias proiectus sum, S.: in aperta pericula civīs, V.: vitam suam in periculum: se in hoc iudicium, thrust themselves : monent, ne me proiciam, act precipitately : in muliebrīs se fletūs, abandon themselves to , L.; cf. quae libido non se proripiet ac proiciet occultatione propositā, i. e. run riot.—To put off, delay : ultra quinquennium proici, Ta.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*per-der.?
- Proto-Indo-European*per-der.?
- Proto-Indo-European*pér
- Proto-Indo-European*pró
- Proto-Indo-European*pro-
- Proto-Italic*pro-
- Latinprōiciō
Proto-Indo-European *(H)yeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-kt Proto-Indo-European *(H)yéh₁kt ~ *(H)ih₁kéntder. Latin iaciō Latin prōiciō From prō- (“from, in the place of; for”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”).
Descendants
- Frenchprojection
- Englishprojectfrom French projection
- Englishprojectionfrom French projection
- Spanishproyecto
- Spanishproyección