verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation
respiciō
respiciō (present infinitive respicere, perfect active respexī, supine respectum)
Classical[rɛsˈpɪ.ki.oː]Ecclesiastical[resˈpiː.t͡ʃi.o]
№ 722 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to look behind, look back at or upon, look to, look around
acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas
Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and broke, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Lucas.9.16 - to have a care for, regard, be mindful of, consider, respect
[...] Dardaniumque ducem, Tyriā Karthāgine quī nunc exspectat, fātīsque datās nōn respicit urbēs, [...].
[Jupiter to Mercury: Go…] “and [seek] the Dardan captain [Aeneas] — he who waits now in Tyrian Carthage, and disregards [those future] cities the Fates have granted him — ….”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.224–225
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
post mē aspiciō; caput vertō ut videam.respiciō -ere — in Mille Verba, Corpus Hūmānum
retrō spectōrespiciō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 21, IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 24, Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 22 and Metamorphoses I, ch. 6
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | respiciō | respiciēbam | respiciam | respexī | respexeram | respexerō |
| 2nd sg. | respicis | respiciēbās | respiciēs | respexistī | respexerās | respexeris |
| 3rd sg. | respicit | respiciēbat | respiciet | respexit | respexerat | respexerit |
| 1st pl. | respicimus | respiciēbāmus | respiciēmus | respeximus | respexerāmus | respexerimus |
| 2nd pl. | respicitis | respiciēbātis | respiciētis | respexistis | respexerātis | respexeritis |
| 3rd pl. | respiciunt | respiciēbant | respicient | respexērunt respexēre | respexerant | respexerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | respiciam | respicerem | respexerim | respexissem |
| 2nd sg. | respiciās | respicerēs | respexerīs | respexissēs |
| 3rd sg. | respiciat | respiceret | respexerit | respexisset |
| 1st pl. | respiciāmus | respicerēmus | respexerīmus | respexissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | respiciātis | respicerētis | respexerītis | respexissētis |
| 3rd pl. | respiciant | respicerent | respexerint | respexissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | respicior | respiciēbar | respiciar |
| 2nd sg. | respiceris respicere | respiciēbāris respiciēbāre | respiciēris respiciēre |
| 3rd sg. | respicitur | respiciēbātur | respiciētur |
| 1st pl. | respicimur | respiciēbāmur | respiciēmur |
| 2nd pl. | respiciminī | respiciēbāminī | respiciēminī |
| 3rd pl. | respiciuntur | respiciēbantur | respicientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | respiciar | respicerer |
| 2nd sg. | respiciāris respiciāre | respicerēris respicerēre |
| 3rd sg. | respiciātur | respicerētur |
| 1st pl. | respiciāmur | respicerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | respiciāminī | respicerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | respiciantur | respicerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | respice | respicere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | respicite | respiciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | respicitō | respicitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | respicitō | respicitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | respicitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | respiciuntō | respiciuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | respicere | respicī |
| perfect infinitive | respexisse | respectum esse |
| future infinitive | respectūrum esse | respectum īrī |
| present participle | respiciēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | respectus respecta, respectā, respectae, respectam, respectārum, respectās, respecte, respectī, respectīs, respectō, respectōrum, respectōs |
| future participle | respectūrus respectūra, respectūrā, respectūrae, respectūram, respectūrārum, respectūrās, respectūre, respectūrī, respectūrīs, respectūrō, respectūrōrum, respectūrōs, respectūrum | respiciendus respiciundus, respicienda, respiciendā, respiciendae, respiciendam, respiciendārum, respiciendās, respiciende, respiciendīs, respiciendōrum, respiciendōs, respiciunda, respiciundā, respiciundae, respiciundam, respiciundārum, respiciundās, respiciunde, respiciundī, respiciundīs, respiciundō, respiciundōrum, respiciundōs, respiciundum |
gerundrespiciendī, respiciendō, respiciendumsupinerespectum, respectū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- respicere aliquid
- to have regard for; take into consideration.
rē-spĭcĭo, spexi, spectum, 3 (old form of
I. subj. perf. respexis, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 19; id. Most. 2, 2, 90; id. Rud. 3, 3, 16), v. n. and a., to look back or behind, to look about, look; to see behind one; to look back upon, to look at, look to or for any thing (very freq. and class.).
I. Lit.
(a). Neutr.:
respicere quasi retro aspicere, Varro Manio: sedens ... neque post respiciens, neque ante prospiciens, Non. p. 442, 31 sq. (cf. infra, β): longe retro respicere non possunt, Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6; Liv. 21, 22, 7; cf. Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: subito exaudivit hinnitum respexitque et equum alacrem laetus aspexit, id. ib. 1, 33 fin.: Er. Ergasilum qui vocat? He. Respice ... respice ad me, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54 sq.: huc ad aliquem, id. Trin. 4, 3, 61; so, ad aliquem, id. Curc. 1, 2, 20; id. Cas. 3, 5, 10; id. Ps. 1, 3, 16; id. Poen. 4, 2, 35; id. Truc. 2, 2, 2; Ter. And. 2, 5, 6; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 13 al.; cf.: nocte ad oppidum, Cic. Div. 1, 32, 69: patriae ad oras, Ov. M. 11, 547: ad libellos, Quint. 10, 7, 31; 11, 2, 45; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51: ad laevam, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 8: in aliquem, App. M. 2, p. 118: huc, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 30; id. Rud. 3, 4, 2; id. Truc. 1, 2, 20; 21: tanta militum virtus fuit, ut non modo de vallo decederet nemo, sed paene ne respiceret quidem quisquam, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: transque caput jace, nec respexeris, Verg. E. 8, 102: respicit Aeneas subito, id. A. 6, 548: a tergo, id. ib. 8, 697: quod respicere vetitus est, Liv. 21, 22.—(b). Act. (in lit. sense rare in good prose, but freq. in all styles in the trop. signif.; v. infra, II.):
ipsi Respiciunt atram in nimbo volitare favillam, look back on, see behind them, Verg. A. 5, 666: modo Prospicit occasus, interdum respicit ortus, Ov. M. 2, 190: respice me et relinque egentem parasitum, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 7: repudia istos comites atque hoc respice et revortere, id. Merc. 5, 2, 30: proxima respiciens signa, Caes. B. C. 2, 39; cf. Caesarem, id. ib. 3, 91: (Hannibalem) respexisse saepe Italiae litora, Liv. 30, 20, 7: nec prius amissam (Creüsam) respexi animumve reflexi, Quam, etc., Verg. A. 2. 741; id. G. 4, 491; Ov. M. 11, 66; cf.: ut stetit et frustra absentem respexit amicum, Verg. A. 9, 389: instantem tergo Cloanthum, id. ib. 5, 168: donec versas ad litora puppes Respiciunt, id. ib. 10, 269; cf. id. ib. 5, 666: oculis pignora cara, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 60: medio cum Sol altissimus orbe Tantum respiceret, quantum superesse videret, looked back upon, i. e. had already passed over, id. M. 11, 354. — II. Trop.
A. In gen., to look, have regard, turn attention.
(a). Neutr.:
neque se in multa simul intendere animus totum potest: et, quocumque respexit, desinit intueri, quod propositum erat, at whatsoever it looks, Quint. 10, 3, 23: si propter singula verba ad singulas formas respiciendum erit, id. 11, 2, 26; cf.: non respiciendum ad haec, id. 7, 10, 14: M. Bibulus cuncta administrabat: ad hunc summa imperii respiciebat, looked to him, was centred in him, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; cf.: periculum (emptionis) ad venditorem respicere, Dig. 18, 6, 4 (with ad venditorem pertinere). — (b). Act., to look at, regard, look to:
quom respicias immensi temporis omne Praeteritum spatium, Lucr. 3, 854; cf.: quoad longissime potest mens mea respicere spatium praeteriti temporis, Cic. Arch. 1, 1: cum vastitatem Italiae respexerint, Asin. Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 1: subsidia, quae respicerent in re trepidā, etc., which they might look to, i. e. from which they might expect aid, Liv. 4, 46; cf.: ne respicere spem ullam ab Romanis posset, id. 4, 17: respicere exemplar vitae morumque jubebo Doctum imitatorem, to look at, have in his eye, Hor. A. P. 317: de te pendentis, te respicientis amici, id. Ep. 1, 1, 105. — With rel.-clause: quid sit prius actum, respicere aetas Nostra nequit, nisi, etc., Lucr. 5, 1446; cf. id. 3, 972: respiciens, an vera soror, Val. Fl. 6, 661.—B. Pregn., to look at with solicitude, i. e. to have a care for, regard, be mindful of, consider, respect, etc. (in this sense mostly act.; cf. provideo).
1. Of a protecting deity:
di homines respiciunt, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 29: deus respiciet nos aliquis, id. Bacch. 4, 2, 39; Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 34; id. Hec. 5, 2, 6: nisi quis nos deus respexerit, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 6: Sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor, Hor. C. 1, 2, 36; Verg. E. 1, 28: nisi idem deus, qui, etc., respexerit rem publicam, Cic. Att. 7, 1, 2: et me et te, nisi quid dī respiciunt, perdidi, Ter. And. 4, 1, 19.— Hence, Rēspĭcĭens, the Provident, an epithet of Fortuna: ad opem ferendam, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Inscr. Orell. 477; 1766.— Rarely, in a bad sense, of an avenging deity: at vos, devota capita, respiciant di perjuriorum vindices, may they remember it against you, Just. 14, 4, 10.— 2. Of persons that have a care or regard for any thing:
hercle alius nemo respicit nos, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 55; so, aliquem, Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 19; id. Aul. 2, 2, 54: age, me in tuis secundis respice, Ter. And. 5, 6, 11; id. Ad. 5, 8, 9: miseros aratores, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 10, § 26; Caes. B. G. 7, 77: sin Caesarem respiciant, id. B. C. 1, 1; Mart. 10, 10, 5: non Pylium Nestora respicis, Hor. C. 1, 15, 22: quantum quisque ferat respiciendus erit, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 38: mox deos respexere; restitui Capitolium placuit, bethought themselves of, Tac. H. 4, 4: aetatem tuam, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 87: populi Romani commoda (with prospicere), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 127: salutem cum meam tum aliorum, id. Planc 38, 91; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 5: rem publicam, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 118; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 3: mala sua, Lucr. 4, 1159 et saep. —With se, to think of or have regard for one's self, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 18; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 18; 5, 1, 46; Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 79; id. pro Scaur. Fragm. 41, p. 267 Orell.: quod si Caesar se respexerit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 8.—With ad (Quintilian): ad utilitatem Ligarii respicit, looks to the advantage of, Quint. 9, 2, 28; so, modice ad hanc partem, id. 9, 4, 36: Graecas litteras (corresp. to studere Latinis), id. 1, 12, 6: saepius ad curam rerum ab elocutione, id. 10, 1, 120.—With an abstr. subj.: si quid pietas antiqua labores Respicit humanos, Verg. A. 5, 689.— With object-clause, to observe, perceive, notice: respicio nihili meam vos gratiam facere, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 68.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
respiciō spēxī, spectus, ere
re-+*specio, to look back, look behind, look about, see behind, look back upon, gaze at, look for : longe retro: respicere vetitus, L.: inproviso ad eum, T.: patriae ad oras, O.: tanta militum virtus fuit, ut paene ne respiceret quidem quisquam, Cs.: Respiciunt atram in nimbo volitare favillam, see behind them , V.: modo Prospicit occasūs, interdum respicit ortūs, O.: proxima signa, Cs.: Italiae litora, L.: amissam (Creüsam) respexi, looked back for , V.: versas ad litora puppīs, V.: medio cum Sol orbe Tantum respiceret, quantum, etc., i. e. had already passed , O.—Fig., to look, have regard, turn attention, regard, look to, contemplate : ad hunc summa imperi respiciebat, i. e. was centred in him , Cs.: maiores tuos respice: subsidia, quae respicerent in re trepidā, etc., might look to , L.: exemplar vitae morumque, have in mind , H.— To look at anxiously, have a care for, regard, be mindful of, consider, respect : nisi quis nos deus respexerit: Sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis, auctor, H.: Respiciens ad opem ferendam (an epithet of Fortuna): miseros aratores: non Pylium Nestora respicis, H.: Quantum quisque ferat respiciendus erit, O.: salutem cum meam tum meorum: neque te respicis, spare yourself , T.: si quid pietas antiqua labores Respicit humanos, V.
Origins
- Proto-Italic*wre-
- Latinrespiciō
Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti Proto-Italic *spekjō Latin speciō Latin respiciō From re- (“back; again”) + speciō (“observe, look at”).
Descendants
- Englishrespite
- Englishrespect
- Italianrespetto
- Italianrispetto
- Portugueserespeito
- Spanishrespecto
- Spanishrespeto