verbthird conjugation, irregular short imperative
redūcō
redūcō (present infinitive redūcere, perfect active redūxī, supine reductum)
Classical[rɛˈduː.koː]Ecclesiastical[reˈduː.ko]
Meaning
- to lead, draw, bring or conduct back; bring or accompany home
- to withdraw, cause to retreat, draw back, remove
Ut[…]alii turres reducerent
That […] others should draw back the towersc. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico VII.24 - figurativelyto bring back, restore, recall, revive, rescue, replace; reform
Āmissam classem, sociōs ā morte redūxī.
“[His] lost fleet, [his] crews, I brought back from death.”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.375 - figurativelyto bring, produce or get out a quantity of
- figurativelyto bring, make or reduce to a certain condition or quality
- to recall to the mind, remember, remind
- Medieval Latinto subjugate (to bring under the yoke)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
lead back
redūcō -ere, -dūxī — in De Bello Gallico II
Conjugation conjugation 3 irregular
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | redūcō | redūcēbam | redūcam | redūxī | redūxeram | redūxerō |
| 2nd sg. | redūcis | redūcēbās | redūcēs | redūxistī | redūxerās | redūxeris |
| 3rd sg. | redūcit | redūcēbat | redūcet | redūxit | redūxerat | redūxerit |
| 1st pl. | redūcimus | redūcēbāmus | redūcēmus | redūximus | redūxerāmus | redūxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | redūcitis | redūcēbātis | redūcētis | redūxistis | redūxerātis | redūxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | redūcunt | redūcēbant | redūcent | redūxērunt redūxēre | redūxerant | redūxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | redūcam | redūcerem | redūxerim | redūxissem |
| 2nd sg. | redūcās | redūcerēs | redūxerīs | redūxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | redūcat | redūceret | redūxerit | redūxisset |
| 1st pl. | redūcāmus | redūcerēmus | redūxerīmus | redūxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | redūcātis | redūcerētis | redūxerītis | redūxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | redūcant | redūcerent | redūxerint | redūxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | redūcor | redūcēbar | redūcar |
| 2nd sg. | redūceris redūcere | redūcēbāris redūcēbāre | redūcēris redūcēre |
| 3rd sg. | redūcitur | redūcēbātur | redūcētur |
| 1st pl. | redūcimur | redūcēbāmur | redūcēmur |
| 2nd pl. | redūciminī | redūcēbāminī | redūcēminī |
| 3rd pl. | redūcuntur | redūcēbantur | redūcentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | redūcar | redūcerer |
| 2nd sg. | redūcāris redūcāre | redūcerēris redūcerēre |
| 3rd sg. | redūcātur | redūcerētur |
| 1st pl. | redūcāmur | redūcerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | redūcāminī | redūcerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | redūcantur | redūcerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | redūc redūce | redūcere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | redūcite | redūciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | redūcitō | redūcitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | redūcitō | redūcitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | redūcitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | redūcuntō | redūcuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | redūcere | redūcī |
| perfect infinitive | redūxisse | reductum esse |
| future infinitive | reductūrum esse | reductum īrī |
| present participle | redūcēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | reductus reducta, reductā, reductae, reductam, reductārum, reductās, reducte, reductī, reductīs, reductō, reductōrum, reductōs |
| future participle | reductūrus reductūra, reductūrā, reductūrae, reductūram, reductūrārum, reductūrās, reductūre, reductūrī, reductūrīs, reductūrō, reductūrōrum, reductūrōs, reductūrum | redūcendus redūcundus, redūcenda, redūcendā, redūcendae, redūcendam, redūcendārum, redūcendās, redūcende, redūcendīs, redūcendōrum, redūcendōs, redūcunda, redūcundā, redūcundae, redūcundam, redūcundārum, redūcundās, redūcunde, redūcundī, redūcundīs, redūcundō, redūcundōrum, redūcundōs, redūcundum |
gerundredūcendī, redūcendō, redūcendumsupinereductum, reductū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- in viam reducere aliquem
- to bring a person back to the right way.
- in gratiam aliquem cum aliquo reducere
- to reconcile two people; to be a mediator.
- in memoriam alicuius redigere, reducere aliquid (not revocare)
- to recall a thing to a person's mind.
- aliquem ad officium (cf. sect. X. 7, note officium...) reducere (Nep. Dat. 2. 3)
- to reduce a people to their former obedience.
rĕ-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 (rēduco or redduco, Lucr. 1, 228; 4, 992; 5, 133; old
I. To lead or bring back, to conduct back (very freq. and class.; syn. redigo).
A. Lit.
1. In gen.
a. Of living objects:
reducam te ubi fuisti, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 106: hunc ex Alide huc reducimus, id. ib. 5, 4, 17; cf.: aliquem ex errore in viam, id. Ps. 2, 3, 2: aliquem de exsilio, Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 9; id. Att. 9, 14, 2; cf.: ab exsilio, Quint. 5, 11, 9: socios a morte, Verg. A. 4, 375: Silenium ad parentes, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86; so, ad aliquem, Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86; Caes. B. G. 6, 32; id. B. C. 1, 24; 2, 38 fin.; cf.: a pastu vitulos ad tecta, Verg. G. 4, 434: reduci in carcerem, Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2: in Italiam, Caes. B. C. 3, 18: reducere uxorem, to take again to wife, marry again, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 31; 43; 3, 5, 51; 4, 4, 12 sq. al.; Nep. Dion, 6, 2; Suet. Dom. 3; 13; cf.: uxorem in matrimonium, id. ib. 8: regem, to restore to the throne, to reinstate, Cic. Rab. Post. 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 2, 1; 1, 7, 4; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3 (v. reductio): possum excitare multos reductos testes liberalitatis tuae, i. e. who have been brought back by your generosity, id. Rab. Post. 17, 47; cf.: cum in Italiam reductus existimabor, Pomp. ap. Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 4. — b. With inanimate objects, to draw back, bring back:
(falces) tormentis introrsus reducebant, Caes. B. G. 7, 22: reliquas munitiones ab eā fossā pedes CCCC. reduxit, id. ib. 7, 22; cf. turres, id. ib. 7, 24 fin.: calculum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 170, 30: in jaculando bracchia, Quint. 10, 3, 6: sinum dextrā usque ad lumbos, id. 11, 3, 131: ad pectora remos, Ov. M. 11, 461; Verg. A. 8, 689: clipeum, to draw back, Ov. M. 12, 132: gladium (opp. eduxit), Gell. 5, 9, 3: auras naribus, Lucr. 4, 990 al.: furcillas hibernatum in tecta, Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 6. —Poet.: solem reducit, Verg. A. 1, 143; so, diem (Aurora), id. G. 1, 249: lucem (Aurora), Ov. M. 3, 150: noctem die labente (Phoebus), Verg. A. 11, 914: aestatem, id. G. 3, 296: hiemes, Hor. C. 2, 10, 15: febrim, id. S. 2, 3, 294: somnum (cantus), id. C. 3, 1, 21 al.: umbram, to make the shadow move backwards, Vulg. 4 Reg. 20, 11.—2. In partic.
a. Reducere aliquem domum (opp. deducere), to conduct or accompany one home, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 19:
(P. Scipio) cum senatu dimisso domum reductus ad vesperum est a patribus conscriptis, Cic. Lael. 3, 12; cf. Liv. 4, 24; cf.: quos Elea domum reducit Palma, Hor. C. 4, 2, 17.—So, without domum: in ludum (puellulam) ducere et reducere, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 36: aliquem ad suam villam, Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 1: bene comitati per forum reducuntur, Quint. 12, 8, 3: quantā reduci Regulus solet turbā, Mart. 2, 74, 2: assurgi, deduci, reduci, Cic. Sen. 18, 63.—b. In milit. lang., to draw off, withdraw troops:
vastatis omnibus eorum agris Caesar exercitum reduxit, Caes. B. G. 3, 29 fin.: legiones reduci jussit, id. B. C. 3, 46; so, exercitum (copias, legiones suas, etc.), id. B. G. 6, 29; 7, 68; id. B. C. 2, 28 fin.; Liv. 5, 5; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 1; 5; 2, 5, 13 sq.: suos incolumes, Caes. B. G. 5, 22; Front. Strat. 1, 1, 11; 5, 13: legiones ex Britanniā, Caes. B. G. 4, 38: a munitionibus, id. ib. 7, 88: ab oppugnatione, id. ib. 5, 26 fin.: in castra, id. ib. 1, 49 fin.; 1, 50; 2, 9; 4, 34 et saep.: in hiberna, id. ib. 6, 3: in Treviros, etc., id. ib. 5, 53; 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 43, 20: intra fossam, Caes. B. C. 1, 42; cf.: ab radicibus collis intra munitiones, id. B. G. 7, 51 fin. —Absol. (like duco and educo): instituit reducere, to march back, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 5 and 8.—c. To recall to the stage a player:
a magno Pompeio magni theatri dedicatione anus pro miraculo deducta, Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 158.—B. Trop., to bring back, restore, replace:
ad divitias, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 17: animum aegrotum ad misericordiam, Ter. And. 3, 3, 27: aliquem in gratiam, id. ib. 5, 4, 45; Cic. Clu. 36, 101: in gratiam cum aliquo, id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; Liv. 10, 5 fin.; Quint. 5, 11, 19; cf.: ut Caesarem et Pompeium perfidiā hominum distractos rursus in pristinam concordiam reducas, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 1: aliquem ad officium sanitatemque, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98: propinquum ad officium, Nep. Dat. 2, 3: judices ad justitiam, Quint. 6, 1, 46: legiones veterem ad morem, Tac. A. 11, 18: meque ipse reduco A contemplatu, withdraw myself, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 65: verba paulum declinata ad veritatem, Quint. 1, 6, 32: judicatio est ad eum statum reducenda, id. 7, 3, 35: reducere in memoriam quibus rationibus unam quamque partem confirmāris, Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98; cf.: in memoriam gravissimi luctūs, Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 2: dolorem in animum judicantium, Quint. 11, 1, 54: vocem in quendam sonum aequabilem, Auct. Her. 3, 12, 21: verborum facilitatem in altum, Quint. 10, 7, 28: haec benignā in sedem vice, Hor. Epod. 13, 7 sq.: tu spem reducis mentibus anxiis Viresque, id. C. 3, 21, 17: diem et convivia mente re duxit, has recalled to mind, Sil. 8, 136: vel instituere vel reducere ejusmodi exemplum, etc., to introduce again, restore, Plin. Ep. 4, 29, 3; so, habitum vestitumque pristinum, Suet. Aug. 40: morem transvectionis post longam intercapedinem, id. ib. 38. — To bring back, restore to the right path: scire est liberum Ingenium et animum, quo vis illos tu die Redducas, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44.—II. After the Aug. period, sometimes with the idea of ducere predominating, for the usual redigere (q. v. II.). *
A. To bring or get out, to produce a certain quantity:
LX. pondo panis e modio (milii) reducunt, Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 54.—B. To bring, make, reduce to some shape, quality, condition, etc. (rare;
usually redigere): aliquid in formam, Ov. M. 15, 381: faecem in summum, to bring up, raise, Col. 12, 19, 4: excrescentes carnes in ulceribus ad aequalitatem efficacissime reducunt (just before, redigit), Plin. 30, 13, 39, § 113: cicatrices ad colorem, id. 27, 12, 82, § 106: corpus sensim ad maciem, id. 24, 8, 30, § 46: ulcera ac scabiem jumentorum ad pilum, id. 22, 22, 32, § 72.— Hence, rĕ-ductus, a, um, P. a., drawn back, withdrawn; of place, retired, remote, distant, lonely. A. Lit.:
inque sinus scindit sese unda reductos, Verg. G. 4, 420; id. A. 1, 161; so, vallis, id. ib. 6, 703; Hor. C. 1, 17, 17; id. Epod. 2, 11.— B. Trop.:
virtus est medium vitiorum et utrimque reductum, from either extreme, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 9.— In painting: alia eminentiora, alia reductiora fecerunt, less prominent, Quint. 11, 3, 46: producta et reducta (bona), a transl. of the Gr. προηγμένα καὶ ἀποπροηγμένα of the Stoics, things to be preferred and those to be deferred, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 90.— Sup. and adv. do not occur.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
re-dūcō
(old reddūcō; imper. reddūce, T.), dūxī, ductus, ere, to lead back, bring back, conduct back, escort back, accompany: exsules: expulsi inique, sed legibus reducti: ad se ut reducerentur, imperavit, Cs.: e pastu vitulos ad tecta, V.: in Italiam reductus, Cs.: uxorem, take back, T.: regem, restore: domum, H.: in ludum (puellulam), T.: adsurgi, deduci, reduci.—Of troops, to draw off, withdraw, cause to retreat, bring off: exercitum, Cs.: legionem reduci iussit, Cs.: legiones ex Britanniā, Cs.: in castra, Cs.—Of things, to draw back, bring back: (falces) tormentis introrsus reducebant, Cs.. ad pectora remos, O.: spumare reductis Convolsum remis aequor, V.: solem reducit, V.: noctem die labente (Phoebus), V.: hiemes, H.: febrim, H.—Fig., to bring back, restore, replace: animum aegrotum ad misericordiam, T.: reges a se m gratiam reducti, reconciled: quocum me in gratiam reduceret, restored to favor: te ad officium sanitatemque: meque ipse reduco A contemplatu, retire, O.: deus haec benignā Reducet in sedem vice, H.—To restore, reform: quo vis illos tu die Redducas, T.—To reduce, shape: lambendo mater in formam reducit, O.
Origins
- Proto-Italic*wre-
- Latinredūcō
Proto-Indo-European *dewk- Proto-Indo-European *déwkti Proto-Italic *doukō Latin dūcō Latin redūcō From re- (“back”) + dūcō (“to lead, conduct, guide, direct, draw, bring, fetch, escort”).
Descendants
- Catalanreduir
- Englishreducefrom Old French reduire
- Frenchréduirefrom Old French reduire
- Germanreduzieren
- Italianridurre
- Occitanredusir
- Occitanreduire
- Portuguesereduzir
- Romanianarăduce
- Romanianreduce
In English words that came into English from redūcō
- reduceredūcō
- reductionreductio
- redoubtreductus
- reduxredux
- reductivereductivus
- reducentreducens