verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation, no perfect stem
quatiō
quatiō (present infinitive quatere, supine quassum)
Classical[ˈkʷa.ti.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈkʷat.t͡si.o]
Meaning
- to shake, agitate, batter, shatter, demolish, overthrow, rend
‘Neptūnus mūrōs magnōque ēmōta tridentī / fundāmenta quatit, tōtamque ā sēdibus urbem / ēruit; [...].’
“‘Neptune, with his giant trident, shakes walls apart from their foundations, and overturns the entire city from its base.’”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.610–612 - to wield, brandish
- to move, touch, excite, affect
- to vex, harass
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
concutiōquatiō -ere — in IVLIANVS III: Persia, ch. 8
vehementer moveōquatiō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 15
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | quatiō | quatiēbam | quatiam | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | quatis | quatiēbās | quatiēs | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | quatit | quatiēbat | quatiet | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | quatimus | quatiēbāmus | quatiēmus | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | quatitis | quatiēbātis | quatiētis | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | quatiunt | quatiēbant | quatient | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | quatiam | quaterem | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | quatiās | quaterēs | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | quatiat | quateret | — | — |
| 1st pl. | quatiāmus | quaterēmus | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | quatiātis | quaterētis | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | quatiant | quaterent | — | — |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | quatior | quatiēbar | quatiar |
| 2nd sg. | quateris quatere | quatiēbāris quatiēbāre | quatiēris quatiēre |
| 3rd sg. | quatitur | quatiēbātur | quatiētur |
| 1st pl. | quatimur | quatiēbāmur | quatiēmur |
| 2nd pl. | quatiminī | quatiēbāminī | quatiēminī |
| 3rd pl. | quatiuntur | quatiēbantur | quatientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | quatiar | quaterer |
| 2nd sg. | quatiāris quatiāre | quaterēris quaterēre |
| 3rd sg. | quatiātur | quaterētur |
| 1st pl. | quatiāmur | quaterēmur |
| 2nd pl. | quatiāminī | quaterēminī |
| 3rd pl. | quatiantur | quaterentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | quate | quatere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | quatite | quatiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | quatitō | quatitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | quatitō | quatitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | quatitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | quatiuntō | quatiuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | quatere | quatī |
| perfect infinitive | — | quassum esse |
| future infinitive | quassūrum esse | quassum īrī |
| present participle | quatiēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | quassus quassās |
| future participle | quassūrus | quatiendus quatiundus, quatienda, quatiendā, quatiendae, quatiendam, quatiendārum, quatiendās, quatiende, quatiendīs, quatiendōrum, quatiendōs |
gerundquatiendī, quatiendō, quatiendumsupinequassum, quassū
quătĭo, no
I. perf., quassum, 3, v. a. Sanscr. root, cyu-, to move, set in motion; cf. Gr. σκεῦος, instrument; σκευάζω, to prepare, to shake (class.; syn.: concutio, convello).
I. Lit.
A. In gen., Fest. p. 261 Müll.:
cum equus magnā vi caput quateret, Liv. 8, 7: alas, Verg. A. 3, 226: pennas, Ov. M. 4, 676; Hor. C. 3, 29, 53: aquas, to agitate, disturb, Ov. H. 18, 48: cymbala, Verg. G. 4, 64: catenas, Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 5: caput. Ov. F. 6, 400: comas, id. H. 14, 40: quercum huc illuc, id. M. 12, 329.— Of earthquakes: quatitur terrae motibus Ide, Ov. M. 12, 521: quid quateret terras, id. ib. 15, 71: quatiens terram fragor, Sil. 1, 536.— Of the ground, by treading, marching, etc.: campum, Verg. A. 11, 875: campos, id. ib. 11, 513; Sil. 1, 297: quatitur tellus pondere, id. 4, 199: sonitu quatit ungula campum, Verg. A. 8, 596: pede ter humum, Hor. C. 4, 1, 28: pede terram, id. ib. 1, 4, 7: quatitur certamine circus, Sil. 16, 323. — B. In partic.
1. Of arms, weapons, reins, etc., to wield, brandish, ply, hold:
securim, Verg. A. 11, 656: ensem, Sil. 1, 429: aegida, id. 12, 336: scuta, Tac. H. 2, 22: hastam, Petr. 124: lora, Sil. 16, 415; 16, 440: largas habenas, id. 17, 542: verbera (i. e. flagella), Verg. Cul. 218.— 2. Of the body, breast, limbs, etc., to agitate, shake, cause to tremble, etc.:
horror Membra quatit, Verg. A. 3, 29: anhelitus artus et ora quatit, id. ib. 5, 199: tussis pulmonem quatit, Sil. 14, 601: terror praecordia, id. 2, 254: pectora quatit gemitu, Val. Fl. 5, 310.—3. To beat, strike, drive:
homo quatietur certe cum dono foras, to beat out of doors, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 67: Arctophylax prae se quatit Arctum, Cic. poët. N. I). 2, 42, 109: cursu quatere equum, Verg. G. 3, 132; Sil. 12, 254.—Of things: quatiunt fenestras juvenes, Hor. C. 1, 25, 1: scutum hastà, Liv. 7, 26, 1. — 4. To shake, beat, or break in pieces, to batter, shatter:
urbis moenia ariete quatere, Liv. 21, 10: muros, Verg. A. 2, 610: muros arietibus, Liv. 38, 10: turres tremendā cuspide, Hor. C. 4, 6, 7: tecta quatiuntur, Plin. Pan. 51, 1: externas arces, Sil. 2, 300: Pergama, id. 13, 36; cf.: tonitru quatiuntur caerula caeli, Lucr. 6, 96. — II. Trop., to agitate, more, touch, affect, excite:
est in animis tenerum quiddam quod aegritudine quasi tempestate quatiatur, Cic. Tusc. 3, 6, 12: mentem, Hor. C. 1, 16, 5: nec vultus tyranni Mente quatit solidā (justum virum), id. ib. 3, 3, 4: non ego te Invitum quatiam, id. ib. 1, 18, 12: quatiunt oracula Colchos, Val. Fl. 1, 743: famā oppida, id. 2, 122: quatit castra clamor, Sil. 3, 231: tumultus pectora quatit, Sen. Thyest. 260: ingenium, Tac. H. 1, 23: animum, Gell. 9, 13, 5: cum altissima quaterentur, hic inconcussus stetit, Plin. Pan. 94, 3. — B. In partic., to plague, vex, harass:
quatere oppida bello, Verg. A. 9, 608: extrema Galliarum, Tac. H. 4, 28. — Hence, quassus, a, um, P. a. A. Lit., shaken, beaten, or broken in pieces, battered, shattered:
aula quassa, a broken pot, Plaut. Curc. 3, 26: muri, Liv. 26, 51: naves, id. 25, 3: faces, i. e. pieces of pine-wood split up for torches, Ov. M. 3, 508: rates, shattered, leaky, Hor. C. 4, 8, 32; 1, 1, 18: murra, Ov. M. 15, 399: lectus, id. H. 11, 78: harundo, Petr. 69: turres, Sen. Thyest. 568; cf.: multo tempora quassa mero, Ov. R. Am. 146; cf. quasso, I. B. — B. Trop.:
quassā voce, in a broken voice, Curt. 7, 7, 20: littera, Quint. 12, 10, 29: anima quassa malis, broken down, exhausted, worn out, Sen. Herc. Fur. 1308: quasso imperio, Sil. 15, 7.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
quatiō —, quassus, ere,
to shake: caput, L.: alas, V.: celeres Pennas, H.: aquas, disturb, O.: quercum huc illuc, O.: quatitur terrae motibus Ide, O.: (equites) quaterent campos, V.: pede ter humum, H.—To wield, brandish, ply: securim, V. —To agitate, shake, cause to tremble: horror Membra quatit, V.—To beat, strike, drive: homo quatietur certe cum dono foras, T.: cursu quatiunt (equum), V.: fenestras, H.: scutum hastā, L.— To break, crush, batter, shatter: urbis moenia ariete, L.: muros, V.: turrīs tremendā Cuspide, H.: in quassas navīs paucis rebus inpositis, L.: Quassaque cinnama, triturated, O.—Fig., to agitate, move, touch, affect, excite: est in animis tenerum quiddam quod aegritudine quasi tempestate quatiatur: nec voltus tyranni Mente quatit solidā (virum), H.—To plague, vex, harass, weary: oppida bello, V.: equum cursu, V.: multo tempora quassa mero, i. e. aching, O.: extrema Galliarum, Ta.
Origins
Disputed. Within Italic, the term has been connected to Volscian arpatitu. The LIV opts to derive the Latin term from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kuh₁t-yé-ti, itself from a root of the shape *(s)kweh₁t-, whence also Ancient Greek πάσσω (pássō, “to sprinkle”), Old Norse skynda, and Lithuanian kusti. According to this theory, the *a is by analogy with faciō. De Vaan, however, argues that the number of formal difficulties complicating an etymological relationship between the Latin and Greek term could imply a substrate root of the shape *kwat- (“to shake, strew”). Even if just the Germanic, Balto-Slavic, and Italic forms are considered, De Vaan suggests only a root of the shape Proto-Indo-European *(s)kwot-, which he considers to possibly be non-Indo-European.