verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation
excutiō
excutiō (present infinitive excutere, perfect active excussī, supine excussum)
Classical[ɛkˈskʊ.ti.oː]Ecclesiastical[ekˈskut.t͡si.o]
Meaning
- to shake out, shake off, elicit, knock out, drive out, cast off, strike off
- to throw from or off of a horse, chariot, ship, etc.
[...] excutitur prōnusque magister volvitur in caput [...].
[Having been knocked out] and [lying] prone [on deck], the helmsman was thrown [from the ship], [and] was tumbled headfirst [into the water]. (During the storm at sea, Lycian helmsman Leucaspis suffers a dishonorable death without proper burial; he appears by name in Book 6, Line 334.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.115–116 - to discard, banish
Hanc excutere opīniōnem mihimet voluī rādīcitus.
I wished, for my own sake, to pluck up this opinion by the roots. - to examine, inspect
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
vī ēiciōexcutiō -ere, -cussus — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 16
quatiendō dēiciōexcutiō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 8
quatiendō dēpellōexcutiō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 10 and Epistulae, ch. 18
vī ēiciō, expellōexcutiō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 14
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excutiō | excutiēbam | excutiam | excussī | excusseram | excusserō |
| 2nd sg. | excutis | excutiēbās | excutiēs | excussistī | excusserās | excusseris |
| 3rd sg. | excutit | excutiēbat | excutiet | excussit | excusserat | excusserit |
| 1st pl. | excutimus | excutiēbāmus | excutiēmus | excussimus | excusserāmus | excusserimus |
| 2nd pl. | excutitis | excutiēbātis | excutiētis | excussistis | excusserātis | excusseritis |
| 3rd pl. | excutiunt | excutiēbant | excutient | excussērunt excussēre | excusserant | excusserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excutiam | excuterem | excusserim | excussissem |
| 2nd sg. | excutiās | excuterēs | excusserīs | excussissēs |
| 3rd sg. | excutiat | excuteret | excusserit | excussisset |
| 1st pl. | excutiāmus | excuterēmus | excusserīmus | excussissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | excutiātis | excuterētis | excusserītis | excussissētis |
| 3rd pl. | excutiant | excuterent | excusserint | excussissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excutior | excutiēbar | excutiar |
| 2nd sg. | excuteris excutere | excutiēbāris excutiēbāre | excutiēris excutiēre |
| 3rd sg. | excutitur | excutiēbātur | excutiētur |
| 1st pl. | excutimur | excutiēbāmur | excutiēmur |
| 2nd pl. | excutiminī | excutiēbāminī | excutiēminī |
| 3rd pl. | excutiuntur | excutiēbantur | excutientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excutiar | excuterer |
| 2nd sg. | excutiāris excutiāre | excuterēris excuterēre |
| 3rd sg. | excutiātur | excuterētur |
| 1st pl. | excutiāmur | excuterēmur |
| 2nd pl. | excutiāminī | excuterēminī |
| 3rd pl. | excutiantur | excuterentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | excute | excutere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | excutite | excutiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | excutitō | excutitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | excutitō | excutitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | excutitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | excutiuntō | excutiuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | excutere | excutī |
| perfect infinitive | excussisse | excussum esse |
| future infinitive | excussūrum esse | excussum īrī |
| present participle | excutiēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | excussus excussa, excussā, excussae, excussam, excussārum, excussās, excusse, excussōrum, excussōs |
| future participle | excussūrus excussūra, excussūrā, excussūrae, excussūram, excussūrārum, excussūrās, excussūre, excussūrī, excussūrīs, excussūrō, excussūrōrum, excussūrōs, excussūrum | excutiendus excutiundus, excutienda, excutiendā, excutiendae, excutiendam, excutiendārum, excutiendās, excutiende, excutiendīs, excutiendōrum, excutiendōs |
gerundexcutiendī, excutiendō, excutiendumsupineexcussum, excussū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- iugum servitutis excutere
- to shake off the yoke of slavery.
ex-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 (archaic
I. perf. subj. excussit, for excusserit, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 16), v. a. quatio, to shake out or off, to cast out, drive out, to send forth (class., esp. in the trop. sense).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.:
posse ex his (litteris) in terram excussis annales Ennii, ut deinceps legi possint, effici, shaken out, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 94: equus excussit equitem, threw off, Liv. 8, 7, 10: excussus equo, Verg. A. 11, 640: excussus curru, id. ib. 10, 590; Suet. Caes. 37; Curt. 3, 11; cf.: lectis excussit utrumque, Hor. S. 2, 6, 112: gubernatorem in mare e puppi, Curt. 4, 4 med.; cf. also: ancora ictu ipso excussa e nave sua, Liv. 37, 30, 9: lapide clavum, to knock off, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 10: pulvis digitis excutiendus erit, Ov. A. A. 1, 150: poculum e manibus, Pers. 3, 101: ignem de crinibus, to shake off, Ov. M. 12, 281: rem de manu alicujus, to strike out, Dig. 47, 2, 53, § 13: Pelion subjectā Ossā (Juppiter), Ov. M. 1, 155: poma venti, to cast down, shake down, id. ib. 14, 764 et saep.: ne nucifrangibula (i. e. dentes) excussit ex malis meis, to knock out, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 16; cf.: cerebrum alicui, id. Capt. 3, 4, 69; id. Aul. 2, 1, 29: oculum alicui cyatho, verberibus, id. Pers. 5, 2, 16; Suet. Tib. 53; cf.: oculo excusso, id. Caes. 68: ipso cum domino calce omnes excutiamus, to drive out or forth, Lucil. ap. Non. 298, 33: Teucros vallo, Verg. A. 9, 68: hostem oppidis et regionibus, Flor. 2, 6, 42: ab obsidione Nolae urbis (with pellere a Campania), id. ib. 29: feras cubilibus, to scare, rouse up, Plin. Pan. 81, 1: si flava excutitur Chloë, be shaken off, cast off, Hor. C. 3, 9, 19: (viros) excussos patriā infesta sequi, Verg. A. 7, 299: ut me excutiam atque egrediar domo, take myself off, decamp, Ter. Ph. 4, 1, 20: quartanas, to drive away, Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 56 et saep.: (leo) gaudet comantes Excutiens cervice toros, shaking about, shaking, Verg. A. 12, 7; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 71: caesariem, Ov. M. 4, 492: pennas, id. ib. 6, 703: habenas, id. ib. 5, 404; cf.: nares inflare et movere ... et pulso subito spiritu excutere, etc., to blow up, dilate, Quint. 11, 3, 80: se (gallinae edito ovo), Plin. 10, 41, 57, § 116: tela, to hurl, discharge, Tac. A. 2, 20; cf. Curt. 8, 13: fulmen in Thebas, Stat. Th. 10, 69: excussaque brachia jacto, tossed, Ov. M. 5, 596; id. H. 18, 189: (aër) Excussit calidum flammis velocibus ignem, sends out, produces, Lucr. 6, 688; cf. id. 6, 161: largum imbrem (procellae), Curt. 4, 7: lacrimas alicui, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 59; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15: vomitum alicui, Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 15: sudorem, Nep. Eum. 5 et saep.—Transf.: excutior somno, I am roused from sleep, Verg. A. 2, 302; Ov. H. 13, 111; Hor. S. 2, 6, 112.—B. In partic., to shake out, shake.
1. Esp. a garment, to free it from dust:
vexatam solo vestem, Petr. 128, 4; Vulg. Act. 18, 6; cf.: excutere de pulvere, shake yourself, Vulg. Isa. 52, 2; and: pulverem de pedibus, id. Matt. 10, 14.—2. To stir, move any thing to see under it; and hence, to search, examine a person: St. Di me perdant, si ego tui quicquam abstuli. Eu. Agedum, excutedum pallium, Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 19; so,
culcitisque et stragulis praetentatis et excussis, Suet. Claud. 35.—With personal objects: excutiuntur tabellarii, Asin. Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 4; cf.: verum (porcellum) ut subesse pallio contenderent Et excuti juberent, Phaedr. 5, 5, 19: non excutio te, si quid forte ferri habuisti: non scrutor, Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97.II. Trop.
A. In gen., to shake out or off, force away, etc.:
omnes istorum delicias, omnes ineptias, to shake off, discard, Cic. Cael. 28, 67: noli aculeos orationis meae, qui reconditi sunt, excussos arbitrari, plucked out, removed, id. Sull. 16, 47: omnia ista nobis studia de manibus excutiuntur, are torn, wrested from our hands, id. Mur. 14, 30; cf.: hanc excutere opinionem mihimet volui radicitus, id. Tusc. 1, 46, 111: severitatem veterem, id. Fam. 9, 10, 2; cf. also: excutient tibi istam verborum jactationem, id. Sull. 8, 24: excute corde metum, remove, banish, Ov. M. 3, 689: diros amores, id. ib. 10, 426: orbem paci excutere, to banish peace from the world, Luc. 1, 69: omnis quae erat conceptae mentis intentio mora et interdum iracundia excutitur, Quint. 10, 3, 20: quem (Senecam) non equidem omnino conabar excutere, id. 10, 1, 126: aliena negotia curo, excussus propriis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 20: dummodo risum excutiat sibi, can raise, produce, id. ib. 1, 4, 35. —B. In partic. (acc. to I. B.), to search, examine, inspect, investigate:
explicando excutiendoque verbo, Cic. Part. Or. 36, 134; cf.: pervulgata atque in manibus jactata et excussa, qs. shaken out, i. e. examined, id. Mur. 12. 26: illud excutiendum est, ut sciatur quid sit carere, id. Tusc. 1, 36, 88: quae fere omnia Cicero in crimine veneficii excutit, Quint. 5, 7, 37; 12, 8, 13: totum locum, id. 5, 7, 6: aut conjecturā excutiuntur, an vera sint, etc., id. 5, 13, 19 et saep.— Hence, excussus, a, um, P. a., stretched out, extended, stiff (post-Aug. and rare): interest, utrum tela excusso lacerto torqueantur, an remissa manu effluant, Sen. Ben. 2, 6; so, lacerto, Ov. H. 4, 43: palma excussissima, Petr. 95.—Adv.: excussē, strongly, violently: mittere pilam (with rigide, opp. languidius), Sen. Ben. 2, 17, 4.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
excutiō cussī, cussus, ere
ex + quatio, to shake out, shake off, cast out, drive out, send forth : (litteris) in terram excussis, shaken out : equus excussit equitem, threw off , L.: Excutimur cursu, V.: lectis utrumque, H.: gladiis missilia, parry , Ta.: excussos laxare rudentīs, uncoil and let out , V.: ignem de crinibus, shake off , O.: si excutitur Chloë, be cast off , H.: alqm patriā, V.: me domo, take myself off , T.: comantīs cervice toros, shake , V.: excussaque bracchia iacto, tossed , O.: lacrumas mihi, T.: sudorem, N.: excutior somno, am roused , V.— To project, throw : tela, Ta.: glandem, L.: facinus ab ore, i. e. the poisoned cup , O.— To shake out, search : te. — Fig., to shake out, shake off, force away, discard, remove, wrest, extort : omnīs istorum delicias: aculeos orationis meae: corde metum, O.: excussa pectore Iuno est, V.: (negotiis) Excussus propriis, H.: risum sibi, excite , H.: foedus, reject , V. — To search, examine, investigate, scrutinize : illud excutiendum est, ut sciatur, etc.: freta, O.: puellas, O.: quae delata essent, Cu.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexcutiō
Latin ex- Latin quatiō Latin excutiō From ex- (“out of”) + quatiō (“shake”).
Descendants
- Englishexcuss
- Italianscuotere
- Italianescutere
- Occitanescodre
- Frenchécourrefrom Old French escoudre
- Frenchécoudrefrom Old French escoudre
- Englishrescuefrom Old French escoudre
- Portugueseexcutir
- Romanianscoate
- Romanianscoatere
In English words that came into English from excutiō
- excussexcussus
- excussionexcussus