verbthird conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
excidō1
excidō (present infinitive excidere, perfect active excidī)
Classical[ˈɛks.kɪ.doː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɛks.t͡ʃi.do]
Meaning
- to fall out, from or down, tumble to the ground, collapse, break down, drop
Sī quandō in puerīs ante alter dēns nāscitur quam prior excidat, is quī cadere dēbuit ēvellendus est.
If ever in children a second tooth appears before the earlier one has fallen out, the one which ought to have fallen out must be uprooted. - to fall out or from involuntarily, slip out, escape
- to differ from someone's opinion, disagree with, dissent
- to be lost or forgotten, pass away, perish, disappear
Perterriti voce et vultu confessi sunt [litteras] se accepisse sed excidisse in via.
With a terrified voice and face they confessed that they did receive the letter but lost them on the road.1st c. BC, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum - to lose oneself, fail; faint, swoon
- to slip out, away or escape from memory, i.e. forget
necdum etiam causae īrārum saevīque dolōrēs exciderant animō.
Nor even now had the causes of [Juno’s] anger and bitter sorrows slipped from her mind.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.25–26 - with ablativeto be deprived of, miss, fail to obtain, forfeit, lose
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
funditus dēleōexcīdō -ere, -cīsus — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 2
caedendō formō, ēsculpōexcīdō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 25
secandō formō, exscindōexcīdō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 21
was slipping away
excidēbat — in Seneca, ch. XIII
slips away
excidit — in Seneca, ch. XIII
Conjugation conjugation 3 no-supine
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excidō | excidēbam | excidam | excidī | excideram | exciderō |
| 2nd sg. | excidis | excidēbās | excidēs | excidistī | exciderās | excideris |
| 3rd sg. | excidit | excidēbat | excidet | excidit | exciderat | exciderit |
| 1st pl. | excidimus | excidēbāmus | excidēmus | excidimus | exciderāmus | exciderimus |
| 2nd pl. | exciditis | excidēbātis | excidētis | excidistis | exciderātis | excideritis |
| 3rd pl. | excidunt | excidēbant | excident | excidērunt excidēre | exciderant | exciderint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excidam | exciderem | exciderim | excidissem |
| 2nd sg. | excidās | exciderēs | exciderīs | excidissēs |
| 3rd sg. | excidat | excideret | exciderit | excidisset |
| 1st pl. | excidāmus | exciderēmus | exciderīmus | excidissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | excidātis | exciderētis | exciderītis | excidissētis |
| 3rd pl. | excidant | exciderent | exciderint | excidissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excidor | excidēbar | excidar |
| 2nd sg. | excideris excidere | excidēbāris excidēbāre | excidēris excidēre |
| 3rd sg. | exciditur | excidēbātur | excidētur |
| 1st pl. | excidimur | excidēbāmur | excidēmur |
| 2nd pl. | excidiminī | excidēbāminī | excidēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exciduntur | excidēbantur | excidentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excidar | exciderer |
| 2nd sg. | excidāris excidāre | exciderēris exciderēre |
| 3rd sg. | excidātur | exciderētur |
| 1st pl. | excidāmur | exciderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | excidāminī | exciderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | excidantur | exciderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | excide | excidere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | excidite | excidiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | exciditō | exciditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | exciditō | exciditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | exciditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | exciduntō | exciduntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | excidere | excidī |
| perfect infinitive | excidisse | — |
| present participle | excidēns excidente, excidentem, excidentēs, excidentī, excidentia, excidentibus, excidentis, excidentīs, excidentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | excīsa excīsā, excīsae, excīsam, excīsārum, excīsās, excīse, excīsī, excīsīs, excīsō, excīsōrum, excīsōs, excīsum, excīsus |
| future participle | excīsūra excīsūrā, excīsūrae, excīsūram, excīsūrārum, excīsūrās, excīsūre, excīsūrī, excīsūrīs, excīsūrō, excīsūrōrum, excīsūrōs, excīsūrum, excīsūrus | excidendus excidundus, excīdenda, excīdendā, excīdendae, excīdendam, excīdendārum, excīdendās, excīdende, excīdendīs, excīdendōrum, excīdendōs |
gerundexcidendī, excidendō, excidendumsupineexcīsū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- oppidum evertere, excīdere
- to completely destroy a town.
- memoria alicuius rei excidit, abiit, abolevit
- the recollection of a thing has been entirely lost.
- nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
- no word escaped him.
- aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
- a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory.
ex-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. cado,
I. to fall out or down, to fall from (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.: quod (animal) cum ex utero elapsum excidit, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128:
sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur, id. Att. 9, 10, 3: gladii de manibus exciderunt, id. Pis. 9 fin.; cf. id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; id. Cat. 1, 6 fin.; for which also: inter manus (urna), Prop. 4 (5), 4, 22. and: a digitis (ansa), Ov. H. 16, 252: Palinurus exciderat puppi, Verg. A. 6, 339; cf. arce, Ov. F. 5, 34: equis, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1164: num qui nummi exciderunt, here, tibi, quod sic terram Obtuere? Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 17; cf. id. Cist. 4, 2, 8; id. Merc. 3, 1, 44; id. Poen. 1, 2, 48: volvae excidunt, Plin. 36, 21, 39, § 151.—Poet.: ita vinclis Excidet aut in aquas tenues dilapsus abibit, will slip out of the fetters, Verg. G. 4, 410: in flumen (elephanti, sc. e rate), Liv. 21, 28 fin.: cum Herculis pertractanti arma sagitta excidisset in pedem, Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 66: ante pedes (lingua resecta), Ov. Ib. 536.—B. In partic., of a lot, to fall of come out (very rare):
ut cujusque sors exciderat, Liv. 21, 42, 3; and hence, transf.: nominibus in urnam conjectis, citari quod primum sorte nomen excidit, id. 23, 3, 7.II. Trop.
A. In gen., to fall out involuntarily, fall from, slip out, escape:
verbum ex ore alicujus, Cic. Sull. 26; cf.: vox excidit ore: Venisti tandem, etc., Verg. A. 6, 686: tantumque nefas patrio excidit ore? id. ib. 2, 658; cf.: scelus ore tuo, Ov. M. 7, 172: quod verbum tibi non excidit, ut saepe fit, fortuito, Cic. Phil. 10, 2 fin.; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 23; 7, 2, 52; 9, 4, 41 al.: libellus me imprudente et invito excidit, escaped me without my knowledge or desire, Cic. de Or. 1, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 5: vox horrenda per auras excidit, Verg. A. 9, 113: et pariter vultusque deo plectrumque colorque Excidit, Ov. M. 2, 602; cf. id. ib. 4, 176: ut quodammodo victoria e manibus excideret, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2: (versus) qui in breves excidunt, i. e. which close, terminate, Quint. 9, 4, 106.—Poet.: in vitium libertas excidit, qs. falls away, sinks, = delabitur, Hor. A. P. 282.—B. In partic. *
1. To dissent, differ from any one's opinion: ego ab Archilocho excido, Lucil. ap. Non. 301, 18.—
2. To pass away, be lost, perish, disappear:
neque enim verendum est, ne quid excidat aut ne quid in terram defluat, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: primo miser excidit aevo, Prop. 3, 7, 7 (4, 6, 7 M.): nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, etc., Hor. C. 3, 5, 30: at non ingenio quaesitum nomen ab aevo Excidet, Prop. 3, 2, 24 (4, 1, 64 M.): excidit omnis luctus, Ov. M. 8, 448: ne Tarentinae quidem arcis excidit memoria, Liv. 27, 3 fin.; cf. the foll.—Esp. b. To fail, faint, swoon, lose one's self:
excidit illa metu, rupitque novissima verba, Ov. A. A. 1, 5, 39; cf.: ut scias quemadmodum nunquam excidam mihi, lose control of myself (through drink), Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 1: quis me dolori reddit? quam bene excideram mihi! Sen. Hippol. 589 sq.—c. To slip out, escape from the memory:
excidere de memoria, Liv. 29, 19 fin.: exciderat pacis mentio ex omnium animis, id. 34, 37; cf. animo, Verg. A. 1, 26; Ov. H. 20, 188; and pectore, id. Pont. 2, 4, 24: o miram memoriam, Pomponi, tuam! at mihi ista exciderant, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 46; so with dat.: quae cogitatio, cum mihi non omnino excidisset, etc., id. Fam. 5, 13, 2; id. Att. 6, 1, 7; Quint. 4, 5, 4; 10, 1, 75; Prop. 3 (4), 24, 20; 4 (5), 7, 15 et saep.; cf. with a subjectclause: non excidit mihi, scripsisse me, etc., Quint. 2, 3, 10.—Absol.: quid? non haec varietas mira est, excidere proxima, vetera inhaerere? hesternorum immemores acta pueritiae recordari, id. 11, 2, 6; 1, 12, 6; 4, 2, 91; 4, 5, 2; cf. with inf. clause: si calore dicendi vitare id excidisset, id. 11, 3, 130; and with ut: excidit, ut peterem, etc., i. e. I forgot to beg, Ov. M. 14, 139.—Rarely transf. to the person: excidens, who forgets, forgetful, Quint. 11, 2, 19: palam moneri excidentis est, id. 11, 3, 132.—3. (Ex) aliquā re, of persons, to be deprived of, to lose, miss, forfeit (esp. freq. since the Aug. per.;
in Cic. not at all): ex familia, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104: uxore, to be disappointed of, Ter. And. 2, 5, 12: regno, Curt. 10, 5: quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis, failed in a great attempt, Ov. M. 2, 328; cf.: fine medicinae, Quint. 2, 17, 25: genere, id. 1, 5, 16: qui apud privatos judices plus petendo formula excidissent, i. e. who lost their suits (for the usual cadere formulā or causā; v. cado, II.), Suet. Claud. 14; Sen. Clem. 2, 3.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
excidō cidī, —, ere
ex + cado, to fall out, drop down, fall away : sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur: dentīs Excidere videre, H.: mihi Excidit cera, from my hand , O.: Palinurus Exciderat puppi, V.: in flumen (sc. e rate), L.: vinclis, to slip out , V.: ut cuiusque sors exciderat, fell out , L.—Fig., to fall out, fall away, slip out, escape : verbum ex ore huius: scelus ore tuo, O.: quod verbum tibi non excidit fortuito: vox per auras Excidit, V.: in vitium libertas excidit, sinks , H.— To pass away, be lost, perish, disappear, be forgotten : neque verendum est, ne quid excidat: virtus, cum semel excidit, etc., H.: excidit omnis luctus, O.: arcis memoria, L.: animo, V.: mihi ista exciderant, I had forgotten : cogitatio, cum mihi excidisset: excidit, ut peterem, etc., i. e. I forgot , O.— Of persons, to be deprived of, lose, miss, forfeit, fail to obtain : erus uxore excidit, T.: magnis excidit ausis, O.: regno, Cu.
excīdō īdī, īsus, ere
ex + caedo, to cut out, cut off, hew out, cut down : arbores, Cs.: excisa arbor: columnas rupibus, V.— To raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy : aedīs: Troiam, V.: Sugambros, Ta.—Fig., to drive out, extirpate, banish : tempus ex animo: vitium irae, H.: causas bellorum, Ta.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰ
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexcidō
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *ḱad- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *ḱádeti Proto-Italic *kadō Latin cadō Latin excidō From ex- + cadō (“fall”).