What does rumpō mean in Latin?

rumpō, a verb, means “to break, burst, tear, rend, rupture; break asunder, force open; to break, split, rupture, burst”.

What are the principal parts of rumpō?

rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptum (third conjugation).

How do you pronounce rumpō?

In classical Latin, [ˈrʊm.poː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈrum.po].

Which English words come from rumpō?

English words that go back to Latin rumpō include rout, rompu, corrupt, abrupt, rupture and erupt.

rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptum — meaning & conjugation

Meaning

to break, burst, tear, rend, rupture; break asunder, force open
to break, split, rupture, burst
figurativelyto break; break off, through or away; cut short; interrupt; violate; infringe; cancel; stop; annul; destroy; rend
[...] sēsē intereā, quandō optuma Dīdō nesciat et tantōs rumpī nōn spēret amōrēs [...]. Meanwhile, [Aeneas] himself – since his precious Dido is unaware, and nor [would] she expect such great passions to be broken off – ….29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.291–292
to result, arise, spring, erupt
to issue, emit, bring out

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

vī aperiō vel scindō rem quae tenet; vincula rupta.

rumpō -ere rūpī — in Mille Verba, Circus Maximus

frangō, scindō

rumpō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 7

in partēs frangō

rumpō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 4

break, burst

rumpō -ere, rūpī, ruptus — in De Bello Gallico III

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Frangere · Rumpere · Divellere

1. Frangere (ῥῆξαι? or σφαράξαι) denotes to break to pieces what is hard; rumpere (from ῥέπω, ῥόπαλον,) to rend to pieces what is flexible. Cato ap. Prisc. Si quis membrum rupit, aut os fregit: for by breaking a limb, not the invisible bones, but the visible flesh, is rent asunder. When, however, rumpere is applied to any thing hard, it involves the notion of exertion employed, and of danger; the frangens breaks to pieces what is entire; the rumpens rends to pieces what is obstructive. 2. Disrumpere and diffringere mean to rend to pieces, and break to pieces, what was originally entire; whereas divellere (διέλκειν) to tear asunder what was at first joined together. (v. 321.)

Conjugation conjugation 3

active indicative
form	present	imperfect	future	perfect	pluperfect	fut. perfect
1st sg.	rumpō	rumpēbam	rumpam	rūpī	rūperam	rūperō
2nd sg.	rumpis	rumpēbās	rumpēs	rūpistī	rūperās	rūperis
3rd sg.	rumpit	rumpēbat	rumpet	rūpit	rūperat	rūperit
1st pl.	rumpimus	rumpēbāmus	rumpēmus	rūpimus	rūperāmus	rūperimus
2nd pl.	rumpitis	rumpēbātis	rumpētis	rūpistis	rūperātis	rūperitis
3rd pl.	rumpunt	rumpēbant	rumpent	rūpērunt rūpēre	rūperant	rūperint

active subjunctive

active subjunctive
form	present	imperfect	perfect	pluperfect
1st sg.	rumpam	rumperem	rūperim	rūpissem
2nd sg.	rumpās	rumperēs	rūperīs	rūpissēs
3rd sg.	rumpat	rumperet	rūperit	rūpisset
1st pl.	rumpāmus	rumperēmus	rūperīmus	rūpissēmus
2nd pl.	rumpātis	rumperētis	rūperītis	rūpissētis
3rd pl.	rumpant	rumperent	rūperint	rūpissent

passive indicative

passive indicative
form	present	imperfect	future
1st sg.	rumpor	rumpēbar	rumpar
2nd sg.	rumperis rumpere	rumpēbāris rumpēbāre	rumpēris rumpēre
3rd sg.	rumpitur	rumpēbātur	rumpētur
1st pl.	rumpimur	rumpēbāmur	rumpēmur
2nd pl.	rumpiminī	rumpēbāminī	rumpēminī
3rd pl.	rumpuntur	rumpēbantur	rumpentur

passive subjunctive

passive subjunctive
form	present	imperfect
1st sg.	rumpar	rumperer
2nd sg.	rumpāris rumpāre	rumperēris rumperēre
3rd sg.	rumpātur	rumperētur
1st pl.	rumpāmur	rumperēmur
2nd pl.	rumpāminī	rumperēminī
3rd pl.	rumpantur	rumperentur

imperative

imperative
form	active	passive
pres. 2nd sg.	rumpe	rumpere
pres. 2nd pl.	rumpite	rumpiminī
fut. 2nd sg.	rumpitō	rumpitor
fut. 3rd sg.	rumpitō	rumpitor
fut. 2nd pl.	rumpitōte	—
fut. 3rd pl.	rumpuntō	rumpuntor

infinitives & participles

infinitives & participles
form	active	passive
present infinitive	rumpere	rumpī
perfect infinitive	rūpisse	ruptum esse
future infinitive	ruptūrum esse	ruptum īrī
present participle	rumpēns	—
perfect participle	—	ruptus rupta, ruptā, ruptae, ruptam, ruptārum, ruptās, rupte, ruptī, ruptīs, ruptō, ruptōrum, ruptōs
future participle	ruptūrus ruptūra, ruptūrā, ruptūrae, ruptūram, ruptūrārum, ruptūrās, ruptūre, ruptūrī, ruptūrīs, ruptūrō, ruptūrōrum, ruptūrōs, ruptūrum	rumpendus rumpundus, rumpenda, rumpendā, rumpendae, rumpendam, rumpendārum, rumpendās, rumpende, rumpendīs, rumpendōrum, rumpendōs

gerundrumpendī, rumpendō, rumpendumsupineruptum, ruptū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

vincula rumpere: to burst one's chains.
foedus frangere, rumpere, violare: to violate a treaty, terms of alliance.
testamentum irritum facere, rumpere: to annul, revoke a will.

rumpo, rūpi, ruptum (

I. inf. paragog. rumpier, Afran. Com. 127), 3, v. a. root rup, to break, burst, tear, rend, rive, rupture; to break asunder, burst in pieces, force open, etc. (very freq. and class.; a favorite word of the Aug. poets; cf. frango).

I. Lit.: SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Fest. S. V. TALIO, p. 274; and ap. Gell. 20, 1, 14; cf. Cato ap. Prisc. p. 710 P.: vincula, Lucr. 3, 83; Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; Prop. 4, 10, 4; Verg. A. 10, 233 al.: catenas, Prop. 3, 13, 11; Hor. S. 2, 7, 70; Ov. Am. 3, 11, 3: frena pudoris, Prop. 4, 18, 3: obstantia claustra, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 9: teretes plagas (aper), id. C. 1, 1, 28: pontem, to break down, Liv. 7, 9; cf.: rupti torrentibus pontes, Quint. 2, 13, 16: montem aceto (Hannibal), Juv. 10, 153: Alpes, Sil. 11, 135: arcum, Phaedr. 3, 14, 10: plumbum (aqua), Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 20: carinam (sinus Noto remugiens), id. Epod. 10, 20: tenta cubilia tectaque, id. ib. 12, 12: vestes, Ov. M. 6, 131; cf.: tenues a pectore vestes, id. A. A. 3, 707: sinus pariterque capillos, id. M. 10, 722: linum ruptum aut turbata cera, Quint. 12, 8, 13: praecordia ferro, to penetrate, Ov. M. 6, 251; 5, 36; cf.: guttura cultro, to cut, id. ib. 15, 465: colla securi, id. ib. 12, 249: nubem (vis venti), to sunder, rive, Lucr. 6, 432: fulmen nubes rumpit, Sen. Q. N. 2, 58, 1: spiritus rumpit nubes, id. ib. 2, 54, 3: ruptae nubes et in pronum solutae, id. ib. 5, 12, 1: caelum, Sil. 3, 196: polum, id. 1, 135: turbo ruptus, breaking or bursting forth, Verg. A. 2, 416 et saep.: tuā causā rupi ramices, burst, ruptured, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 30: suos ramices, id. Poen. 3, 1, 37: inflatas vesiculas, Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: pectora fremitu (leones), Lucr. 3, 297: illius immensae ruperunt horrea messes, filled to repletion, Verg. G. 1, 49; Col. 10, 307: frugibus rupta congestis horrea, Sid. 1, 6: ilia, Cat. 11, 20; 80, 7; Verg. E. 7, 26; cf. with a personal object: rupit Iarbitam Timagenis aemula lingua, Dum, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 15.—Esp. reflexively, to burst or split one's self, to burst, split, etc.: me rupi causā currendo tuā, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 43; id. Capt. prol. 14; Lucil. ap. Non. 88, 11; 382, 23: ut me ambulando rumperet, Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 21: non, si te ruperis, Par eris, Hor. S. 2, 3, 319.— Mid.: ego misera risu clandestino rumpier, to burst, split, Afran. ap. Non. 382, 21 (Com. Rel. p. 154 Rib.); so, frigidus in pratis cantando rumpitur anguis, Verg. E. 8, 71: quā (licentiā audacium) ante rumpebar, nunc ne movear quidem, could have burst, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1: et inflatas rumpi vesiculas, id. Div. 2, 14, 33; cf.: rumpantur iniqui, Vicimus, Prop. 1, 8, 27: miser Rumperis (sc. irā) et latras, Hor. S. 1, 3, 136: rumpere viam, iter, etc., to force a passage, make one's way by force: ferro rumpenda per hostes Est via, a passage must be burst or forced through, Verg. A. 10, 372; cf.: eo nisi corporibus armisque rupere cuneo viam, Liv. 2, 50: rupta via, Quint. 9, 4, 63: viam igne, Stat. Th. 8, 469: iter ferro, Sil. 4, 196 (with reserare viam); 15, 782: Alpes, id. 11, 135: rupto sonuit sacer aequore Titan, Val. Fl. 2, 37: cursus, id. ib. 1, 3; Sil. 7, 568 et saep.: rumpere media agmina, to burst through, break through, Verg. A. 12, 683; cf.: proelia misso equo, Prop. 3, 11, 64 (4, 10, 62): ruptā mersum caput obruit undā, Ov. M. 11, 569: mediam aciem, Liv. 26, 5: pugnantibus acies rumpenda, Just. 1, 6, 11: ordines, Liv. 6, 13: aditus, Verg. A. 2, 494: parvos hiatus, Sil. 5, 616: fontem, to break open, cause to break forth, Ov. M. 5, 257: fontes abyssae magnae, Vulg. Gen. 7, 11: se rumpere, to break out, burst forth ( = erumpere): ubi sub lucem densa inter nubila sese Diversi rumpent radii, Verg. G. 1, 446: tantus se nubibus imber Ruperat, id. A. 11, 548: unde altus primum se erumpit Enipeus, id. G. 4, 368; so, rumpi, in mid. force: dum amnes ulli rumpuntur fontibus, id. ib. 3, 428: alicui reditum, to cut off, Hor. Epod. 13, 15.—Absol.: offendit, fregit, rumpit, icit poculo, wounds, Afran. ap. Non. 124, 6 (Com. Rel. p. 173 Rib.); so, si quis rumpet occidetve insciens ne fraus esto, an ancient form of rogation in Liv. 22, 10, 5; cf. Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 17. —

II. Trop., to break, violate, destroy, annul, make void, interrupt, etc.: hunc quisquam ... foedera scientem neglexisse, violasse, rupisse dicere audebit? Cic. Balb. 5, 13; so, foedera, Lucr. 2, 254; Auct. Her. 4, 14, 20; Liv. 9, 1; 21, 10; Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 35: foedus, Liv. 3, 25, 5; 42, 40, 3: imperium, Curt. 10, 2, 15; Tac. A. 13, 36; id. H. 3, 19: sacramenti religionem, Liv. 28, 27: reverentiam sacramenti, Tac. H. 1, 12: fidem induciarum, pacis, etc., Liv. 9, 40 fin.; 24, 29; Verg. G. 4, 213; Flor. 4, 2, 16: jus gentium, Liv. 4, 17: hostium jus et sacra legationis et fas gentium, Tac. A. 1, 42: rogationes vos rogatas rumpitis, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 24: edicta, Hor. C. 4, 15, 22: decreta, Ov. M. 15, 780: leges, Luc. 4, 175: constat, agnascendo rumpi testamentum, is made void, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 241; cf.: jura testamentorum ruptorum aut ratorum, id. ib. 1, 38, 173: nuptias, Hor. C. 1, 15, 7: amores, Verg. A. 4, 292: condiciones pacis, Vell. 2, 48, 5: obsequium, Suet. Galb. 16: fata aspera, Verg. A. 6, 882: fati necessitatem humanis consiliis, Liv. 1, 42: ne me e somno excitetis et rumpatis visum, break in upon, interrupt, Cic. Rep. 6, 12, 12; so, somnum, Verg. A. 7, 458; cf. Sen. Ep. 51, 12: sacra, Verg. A. 8, 110: carmina, Tib. 2, 3, 20: novissima verba, Ov. A. A. 1, 539: ut vero amplexus fessi rupere supremos, Val. Fl. 5, 32: strepitu silentia rumpi, Lucr. 4, 583: silentia (verbis), Verg. A. 10, 64; Ov. M. 1, 208; 11, 598; Hor. Epod. 5, 85; Val. Fl. 3, 509; Plin. Pan. 55, 4: diutinum silentium, App. M. 10, p. 239, 14: taciturnitatem, Tac. A. 1, 74: patientiam, Suet. Tib. 24: en age, segnes Rumpe moras, break off, end delay, Verg. G. 3, 43; so, rumpe moras, id. A. 4, 569; 9, 13; Ov. M. 15, 583 Bach, N. cr.; Val. Fl. 1, 306; Mart. 2, 64, 9; Plin. Ep. 5, 11, 2; cf.: rumpunt moras, Luc. 1, 264: otia, Verg. A. 6, 813.—Poet.: rumpit has imo pectore voces, breaks forth, breaks out in, gives vent to, utters, etc., Verg. A. 11, 377; so, vocem, id. ib. 2, 129; 3, 246; Sil. 8, 301; Tac. A. 6, 20: questus, Verg. A. 4, 553; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 249: gemitum, Sil. 4, 458.

Origins

Inherited from Proto-Italic *rumpō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hrunépti ~ *Hrumpénti, nasal-infixed present from the root *Hrewp- (“break”). Cognate with Sanskrit लुम्पति (lumpáti).

Descendants

Catalanrompre
Englishrout
Englishroute
Frenchromprefrom Old French rompre
Italianrompere
Occitanròmper
Occitanrompre
Portugueseromperfrom Old Galician-Portuguese romper
Romanianrupe
Romanianrupere

In English words that came into English from rumpō

corruptioncorruptiō
corruptcorruptus
abruptabruptus
ruptureruptūra
erupteruptus
interruptinterruptus
routrupta
disruptdisruptus
interruptioninterruptio
irruptionirruptio
irruptirruptus
ruptionruptio
erumpentērumpēns
rompurumpō
proruptionproruptio
abruptionabruptio