verbsecond conjugation
misceō
misceō (present infinitive miscēre, perfect active miscuī, supine mixtum or mistum)
Classical[ˈmɪs.ke.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈmiʃ.ʃe.o]
miste sg. voc. m. perf. pass. ptcp.№ 425 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to mix; to mingle; to intermingle
Pōculum complēvit et hausit. Aquam et vīnum miscuit. Collāpsus est.
He filled and drew a cup. He mixed water and wine. He sank down. - to unite; to combine; to share; to associate
Rīsus dolōre miscēbitur, et extrēma gaudiī lūctus occupat Laughter shall be mingled with sorrow, and mourning taketh hold of the end of joy. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)
c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Proverbs.14.13 - poeticof a disturbance of the natural order, as a storm: to disturb, to throw into confusion, to confuse, confound, embroil
“Iam caelum terramque meō sine nūmine, ventī, miscēre, et tantās audētis tollere mōlēs?” “Now heaven and earth – without my divine assent, you winds! – you dare to disturb, and raise such swells [of seawater]?”
(Neptune upbraids the winds.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.133–134 - to throw into confusion; to disturb; to confound; to embroil
- to raise a great commotion; to make a large disturbance; to move heaven and earth
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ūnum cum aliō iungō: Rōmānī vīnum aquā miscent.misceō -ēre — in Mille Verba, Cibus et Convīvium
mix
misceō -ēre, mixtus — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | misceō | miscēbam | miscēbō | miscuī | miscueram | miscuerō |
| 2nd sg. | miscēs | miscēbās | miscēbis | miscuistī | miscuerās | miscueris |
| 3rd sg. | miscet | miscēbat | miscēbit | miscuit | miscuerat | miscuerit |
| 1st pl. | miscēmus | miscēbāmus | miscēbimus | miscuimus | miscuerāmus | miscuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | miscētis | miscēbātis | miscēbitis | miscuistis | miscuerātis | miscueritis |
| 3rd pl. | miscent | miscēbant | miscēbunt | miscuērunt miscuēre | miscuerant | miscuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | misceam | miscērem | miscuerim | miscuissem |
| 2nd sg. | misceās | miscērēs | miscuerīs | miscuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | misceat | miscēret | miscuerit | miscuisset |
| 1st pl. | misceāmus | miscērēmus | miscuerīmus | miscuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | misceātis | miscērētis | miscuerītis | miscuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | misceant | miscērent | miscuerint | miscuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | misceor | miscēbar | miscēbor |
| 2nd sg. | miscēris miscēre | miscēbāris miscēbāre | miscēberis miscēbere |
| 3rd sg. | miscētur | miscēbātur | miscēbitur |
| 1st pl. | miscēmur | miscēbāmur | miscēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | miscēminī | miscēbāminī | miscēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | miscentur | miscēbantur | miscēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | miscear | miscērer |
| 2nd sg. | misceāris misceāre | miscērēris miscērēre |
| 3rd sg. | misceātur | miscērētur |
| 1st pl. | misceāmur | miscērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | misceāminī | miscērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | misceantur | miscērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | miscē | miscēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | miscēte | miscēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | miscētō | miscētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | miscētō | miscētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | miscētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | miscentō | miscentor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | miscēre | miscērī miscērier |
| perfect infinitive | miscuisse | mixtum esse mistum esse |
| future infinitive | mixtūrum esse mistūrum esse | mixtum īrī mistum īrī |
| present participle | miscēns miscente, miscentem, miscentēs, miscentī, miscentia, miscentibus, miscentis, miscentīs, miscentium | — |
| perfect participle | — | mixtus mistus, mista, mistā, mistae, mistam, mistārum, mistās, miste, mistī, mistīs, mistō, mistōrum, mistōs |
| future participle | mixtūrus mistūrus, mistūra, mistūrā, mistūrae, mistūram, mistūrārum, mistūrās, mistūre, mistūrī, mistūrīs, mistūrō, mistūrōrum, mistūrōs, mistūrum, mixtūra, mixtūrā, mixtūrae, mixtūram, mixtūrārum, mixtūrās, mixtūre, mixtūrī, mixtūrīs, mixtūrō, mixtūrōrum, mixtūrōs, mixtūrum | miscendus |
gerundmiscendī, miscendō, miscendumsupinemixtum, mixtū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- omnia turbare ac miscere
- to cause universal disorder.
miscĕo, miscŭi, mixtum (mistum is found in many MSS. and edd., but is probably a corruption of copyists, representing the weakened sound of
I. x in later times; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 556), 2, v. a. root mik-, mig-; Sanscr. micras, mixed; Gr. μίσγω, μίγνυμι; cf. miscellus, to mix, mingle, to intermingle, blend (for the difference between this word and temperare, v. below, II. A.; cf. confundo).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.; with abl.:
(sortes) pueri manu miscentur, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86: toxicum antidoto, Phaedr. 1, 14, 8: mella Falerno, Hor. S. 2, 4, 24: vina Surrentina faece Falernā, id. ib. 2, 4, 55: pabula sale, Col. 6, 4: nectare aquas, Ov. H. 16, 198.— With dat.: dulce amarumque mihi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 61: fletum cruori, Ov. M. 4, 140; Col. 7, 5: inter curalium virides miscere smaragdos, Lucr. 2, 805: cumque meis lacrimis miscuit usque suas, Ov. P. 1, 9, 20. —B. In partic.
1. To join one's self to, have carnal intercourse with one:
corpus cum aliquā, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.—With dat.: sic se tibi misceat, Ov. M. 13, 866: cum aliquo misceri in Venerem, App. M. 9, p. 228, 16: sanguinem et genus, to intermarry, Liv. 1, 9, 4.—2. To mix, prepare a drink:
alteri miscere mulsum, Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 17; Ov. Am. 1, 4, 29: Veientana mihi misces, Mart. 3, 49, 1: pocula alicui, Ov. M. 10, 160: lurida terribiles miscent aconita novercae, id. ib. 1, 147; cf.: miscenda Cum Styge vina bibas, = you shall die, id. ib. 12, 321: nullis aconita propinquis miscuit (Orestes), Juv. 8, 219.— 3. Miscere se, or misceri, to mingle with others, to unite, assemble:
miscet (se) viris, Verg. A. 1, 440: se partibus alicujus, Vell. 2, 86, 3: ipsa ad praetoria densae Miscentur, assemble, Verg. G. 4, 75.—4. Miscere manus or proelia, to join battle, engage (poet.):
miscere manus, Prop. 2, 20, 66: proelia dura, id. 4, 1, 28; hence, vulnera, to inflict wounds on each other, Verg. A. 12, 720.—5. Of storms, to throw into confusion, to disturb, confound, embroil (poet.):
caelum terramque, Verg. A. 1, 134: magno misceri murmure pontum, id. ib. 1, 124: miscent se maria, id. ib. 9, 714.—Hence, of persons, to raise a great commotion, make a prodigious disturbance, to move heaven and earth: caelum ac terras, Liv. 4, 3, 6: quis caelum terris non misceat et mare caelo, Juv. 2, 25; cf.: mare caelo confundere, id. 6, 282. —II. Trop.
A. In gen., to mix, mingle, unite, etc.:
dulce amarumque una nunc misces mihi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63: miscent inter sese inimicitiam agitantes, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 275 Vahl.): animum alicujus cum suo miscere, Cic. Lael. 21, 81: gravitate mixtus lepos, id. Rep. 2, 1, 1: misce Ergo aliquid de nostris moribus, Juv. 14, 322: ex dissimillimis rebus misceri et temperari, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119; cf., joined with temperare, id. Or. 58, 197; also opp. to temperare, since miscere signifies merely to mix, but temperare to mix in due proportion: haec ita mixta fuerunt, ut temperata nullo fuerint modo, Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42.—B. In partic.
1. To share with, impart to another; to take part in, share in a thing (rare and perhaps not ante-Aug.):
cum amico omnes curas, omnes cogitationes tuas misce, share, Sen. Ep. 3, 3: se negotiis, to take part in, engage in, Dig. 26, 7, 39, § 11: administrationi, ib. 27, 1, 17, § 5: paternae hereditati, ib. 29, 2, 42, § 3. —2. (Acc. to I. B. 5.).
a. To throw into confusion, to embroil, disturb (class.): om nia infima summis paria fecit, turbavit, miscuit, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 19:
rem publicam malis concionibus, id. Agr. 2, 33, 91: coetus, Tac. A. 1, 16: animorum motus dicendo, Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 220: anima, quae res humanas miscuit olim, Juv. 10, 163.—b. To stir up, occasion, excite, rouse:
ego nova quaedam misceri et concitari mala jam pridem videbam, stirred up, devised, Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 6: seditiones, Tac. H. 4, 68 fin.— 3. Misceri aliquo, to be changed into:
mixtus Enipeo Taenarius deus, Prop. 1, 13, 21.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
misceō miscuī, mīxtus, ēre,
to mix, mingle, intermingle, blend: picem sulphure, S.: (sortes) pueri manu miscentur: mella Falerno, H.: nectare aquas, O.: Fulgores operi, V.: fletum cruori, O.: cum undis miscentur aquae, O.: mixtos in sanguine dentīs, scattered, V.—To unite, have intercourse: sanguinem ac genus, intermarry, L.: corpus cum aliquā: per conubia Gaetulos secum, S.: se tibi, O.—To mix, prepare: alteri mulsum: miscenda Cum Styge vina bibas, i. e. you shall die, O.: nullis aconita propinquis, Iu.—To mingle, unite, assemble, associate, join: (se) viris, V.: circa regem densae Miscentur (apes), gather thickly, V.: mixtis lustrabo Maenala nymphis (i. e. permixtus nymphis), V.: tres legiones in unam, Ta.: desertos sibi, i. e. fraternize with, Ta.: volnera, inflict on one another, V.: certamina, L.: proelia, V.: manūs, Pr.—To throw into confusion, disturb, confound, embroil: magno misceri murmure pontum, V.: miscent se maria, V.: mixto agmine, in disorder, V.: ignes murmura miscent, confound their thunders, V.: incendia, scatter, V.—To overturn, confound, make a disturbance in, move, upturn: caelum ac terras, L.: caelum terris et mare caelo, Iu.—Fig., to mix, mingle, unite, join, associate: cuius animum cum suo misceat: aliquid de nostris moribus, add, Iu.: haec ita mixta fuerunt, ut temperata nullo fuerint modo, mixed . . . by no means harmonized: utile dulci, H.: mixtus aliquo deus, transformed into, Pr.—To throw into confusion, embroil, disturb, confound: fortuna miscere omnia coepit, S.: rem p. malis contionibus: plura, to cause more disturbance: plurima, N.: sacra profanis, H.: fors et virtus miscentur in unum, contend together, V.—To stir up, excite, concoct: Ita tu istaec tua misceto, ne me admisceas, T.: nova quaedam misceri et concitari mala videbam.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *mi(k)skō (“to mix”), from Proto-Indo-European *miḱ-sḱé-, inchoative present of *meyǵ-, *meyḱ- (“to mix”). The second conjugation of this verb is unexplained. It is possible that the original third-conjugation form of the verb is continued by Praenestine misc. The u-perfect of this verb is also unusual; it may have replaced an earlier form *misxī. Cognate with Old High German miskian, miskan (“to mix”) (German mischen), Welsh mysgu (“to mix”), Ancient Greek μῐ́σγω (mĭ́sgō, “to mix”), Old Church Slavonic мѣсити (měsiti, “to mix”), Lithuanian mišti and maišyti (“to mix”), Sanskrit मिश्र (miśra, “mixed”), Persian آمیختن (âmixtan, “mix”); Old English māsc (“mixture, mash”). More at mash.
Descendants
- Italianmescere
- Portuguesemexer
- Portuguesemesclar
- Romanianmește
- Romanianmișca
- Spanishmecer
- Spanishmezclar
- Aromanianmescu
- Aromanianmeashtiri
- Asturianmecer
In English words that came into English from misceō
- meleemisceō
- mixturemixtūra
- mixmixtus
- meddlemisculō
- promiscuousprōmiscuus
- miscellaneousmiscellāneus
- admixtureadmixtūra
- melange*misculāre
- metismixticius
- miscellanymīscellānea
- mestizomixtīcius
- misciblemiscibilis
- commixcommixtus
- mixtionmixtiō
- commixtioncommixtiō
- miscellaneamiscellānea
- commixtcommixtus