verbfirst conjugation
vocō
vocō (present infinitive vocāre, perfect active vocāvī, supine vocātum)
Classical[ˈwɔ.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈvɔː.ko]
№ 158 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- transitiveto call, summon, beckon (with one's voice)
[…] ultro / hortantem et fessas ad pabula nota vocantem
[…] freely / calling them and exhorting the weary insects to eat their familiar food.c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 4.265Vāde age, nāte! Vocā Zephyrōs et lābere pennīs, [...].
[Jupiter to Mercury:] “Go, [fly] away, my son! Invoke the Zephyrs and glide on the wings [of your sandals], ….”29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.223 - broadlytransitiveto invoke, summon, call upon (a person, especially a god)
- broadlytransitiveto summon, convene, call together
Cn. Fuluius Centumalus P. Sulpicius Galba consules cum idibus Martiis magistratum inissent, senatu in Capitolium uocato, de re publica, de administratione belli, de prouinciis exercitibusque patres consuluerunt.
When the consuls Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus and Publius Sulpicius Galba took up the magistracy on the Ides of March, they summoned the senate to the Capitoline Hill and consulted the senators on issues regarding the state, the handling of the war, the provinces and the armies.27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 26.1 - transitiveto name, designate
- to bring or put (into a state or condition)
vocare in dubium
to call into question
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
nōmine appellō ut veniat; māter fīlium domum vocat.vocō -āre — in Mille Verba, Schola
to call
vocō -āre — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 1
call
vocō -āre — in De Bello Gallico II and De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Nominare · Nuncupare · Vocare · Appellare
Nominare and nuncupare mean, to call anybody by his name; nominare, to call him by the name which he already possesses; nuncupare, to give a name to an object that has hitherto been without a name; whereas appellare and vocare mean to designate a person by any name, title, or appellation belonging to him. (v. 105.)
Verbum · Vocabulum · Vox · Dictum · Dicterium
1. Verbum (ἄραβος) is a word, as a part of speech; whereas vocabulum, as a part of language. The verba are verbs, the vocabula words in general. 2. Verba denote words in general, with reference to their meaning; voces, with reference to their form and their sound. 3. As a grammatical term, vox comprehends all the eight parts of speech; vocabulum, all legitimate words, consequently with the exclusion of interjections or natural sounds; nomen, only the nouns, adjectives, substantives, and pronouns; and verbum, only the verbs. 4. Verbum, in a collective sense, denotes a general notion, that which is said; whereas vox, dictum, and dicterium, are particular expressions; vox (ἠχή), an expression of feeling or passion, like an exclamation; dictum, an expression of wit or intellect, like a bon mot. Tac. Hist. iii. 39. Audita est sævissima Vitellii vox, qua se pavisse oculos spectata inimici morte jactavit; comp. with Ann. vi. 20. Scitum Passieni dictum percrebuit, neque meliorem unquam servum neque deteriorem dominum fuisse. 5. Dictum is the general and popular expression for any pointed saying; dicterium, a select term of later times for a particularly smart dictum, which is not merely the product of natural wit, but also of cultivation refined by literature and intercourse with polished society. (iv. 29.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vocō | vocābam | vocābō | vocāvī | vocāveram vocāram | vocāverō vocārō |
| 2nd sg. | vocās | vocābās | vocābis | vocāvistī vocāstī | vocāverās vocārās | vocāveris vocāris |
| 3rd sg. | vocat | vocābat | vocābit | vocāvit vocāt | vocāverat vocārat | vocāverit vocārit |
| 1st pl. | vocāmus | vocābāmus | vocābimus | vocāvimus vocāmus | vocāverāmus vocārāmus | vocāverimus vocārimus |
| 2nd pl. | vocātis | vocābātis | vocābitis | vocāvistis vocāstis | vocāverātis vocārātis | vocāveritis vocāritis |
| 3rd pl. | vocant | vocābant | vocābunt | vocāvērunt vocārunt, vocāvēre | vocāverant vocārant | vocāverint vocārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vocem | vocārem | vocāverim vocārim | vocāvissem vocāssem |
| 2nd sg. | vocēs | vocārēs | vocāverīs vocārīs | vocāvissēs vocāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | vocet | vocāret | vocāverit vocārit | vocāvisset vocāsset |
| 1st pl. | vocēmus | vocārēmus | vocāverīmus vocārīmus | vocāvissēmus vocāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | vocētis | vocārētis | vocāverītis vocārītis | vocāvissētis vocāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | vocent | vocārent | vocāverint vocārint | vocāvissent vocāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vocor | vocābar | vocābor |
| 2nd sg. | vocāris vocāre | vocābāris vocābāre | vocāberis vocābere |
| 3rd sg. | vocātur | vocābātur | vocābitur |
| 1st pl. | vocāmur | vocābāmur | vocābimur |
| 2nd pl. | vocāminī | vocābāminī | vocābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | vocantur | vocābantur | vocābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vocer | vocārer |
| 2nd sg. | vocēris vocēre | vocārēris vocārēre |
| 3rd sg. | vocētur | vocārētur |
| 1st pl. | vocēmur | vocārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | vocēminī | vocārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | vocentur | vocārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | vocā | vocāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | vocāte | vocāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | vocātō | vocātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | vocātō | vocātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | vocātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | vocantō | vocantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | vocāre | vocārī vocārier |
| perfect infinitive | vocāvisse vocāsse | vocātum esse |
| future infinitive | vocātūrum esse | vocātum īrī |
| present participle | vocāns vocante, vocantem, vocantēs, vocantī, vocantia, vocantibus, vocantis, vocantīs, vocantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | vocātus vocāta, vocātā, vocātae, vocātam, vocātārum, vocātās, vocātī, vocātōrum, vocātōs |
| future participle | vocātūrus vocātūra, vocātūrā, vocātūrae, vocātūram, vocātūrārum, vocātūrās, vocātūre, vocātūrī, vocātūrīs, vocātūrō, vocātūrōrum, vocātūrōs, vocātūrum | vocandus |
gerundvocandī, vocandō, vocandumsupinevocātum, vocātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- vocem summittere
- to lower one's voice.
- in dubium vocare
- to throw doubt upon a thing.
- ad exitium vocari
- to be ruined, undone.
- media quae vocatur aetas
- the middle ages.
- senatum vocare, convocare
- to call a meeting of the senate.
- voces (verba) contumeliosae
- insulting expressions.
- voces iacere (Sall. Iug. 11)
- to let fall an expression.
- in suspicionem vocari, cadere
- to become the object of suspicion.
9 more phrases
- aliquem vocare, invitare ad cenam
- to invite some one to dinner.
- in ius, in iudicium vocare aliquem
- to summon some one before the court.
- vocem intercludere (Just. 11. 8. 4)
- to prevent some one from speaking.
- vocem mittere (sonitum reddere of things)
- to speak, utter a sound.
- in controversiam vocare, adducere aliquid
- to make a thing the subject of controversy.
- ad calculos vocare aliquid (Amic. 16. 58)
- to go through accounts, make a valuation of a thing.
- in invidiam, odium (alicuius) vocare aliquem
- to make a person odious, unpopular.
- aliquem, aliquid in periculum (discrimen) adducere, vocare
- to endanger, imperil a person or thing.
- in controversiam vocari, adduci, venire (De Or. 2. 72. 291)
- to be contested, become the subject of debate.
vŏco, āvi, ātum (
I. inf. vocarier, Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 27), 1, v. a. and n. Sanscr. vak-, to say; Gr. root ϝεπ·, in ἔπος, word; εἶπον, said, to call; to call upon, summon, invoke; to call together, convoke, etc. (cf.: appello, compello).
I. Lit.
A. In gen.: (patrem) blandā voce vocabam, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 51 Vahl.):
quis vocat? quis nominat me? Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 25: He. Vin' vocem huc ad te (patrem)? Ly. Voca, id. Capt. 2, 2, 110: Trebonius magnam jumentorum atque hominum multitudinem ex omni provinciā vocat, Caes. B. C. 2, 1: Dumnorigem ad se vocat, id. B. G. 1, 20: populum Romanum ad arma, id. B. C. 1, 7: milites ad concilium classico ad tribunos, Liv. 5, 47, 7: aliquem in contionem, Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 144; for which, contionem, Tac. A. 1, 29: concilium, Verg. A. 10, 2; 6, 433; Ov. M. 1, 167: patribus vocatis, Verg. A. 5, 758: ipse vocat pugnas, id. ib. 7, 614: fertur haec moriens pueris dixisse vocatis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 170.— With dat. (post-Aug. and rare): populumque ac senatum auxilio vocare, Tac. A. 4, 67 fin.; 12, 45.—Absol.: in senatum vocare (sc. patres), Liv. 23, 32, 3; 36, 21, 7.—Impers.: in contionem vocari placuit, Liv. 24, 28, 1: cum in senatum vocari jussissent, id. 2, 55, 10.—Poet.: tum cornix plenā pluviam vocat improba voce, i. e. announces, Verg. G. 1, 388; so, ventos aurasque, Lucr. 5, 1086: voce vocans Hecaten caeloque Ereboque potentem, invoking, Verg. A. 6, 247: patrios Voce deos, id. A. 4, 680; 12, 638; Tib. 2, 1, 83; Just. 38, 7, 8: ventis vocatis, Verg. A. 3, 253: numina magna, id. ib. 3, 264; 12, 181: auxilio deos, id. ib. 5, 686: divos in vota, id. ib. 5, 234; 7, 471: vos (deos) in verba, as witnesses, Ov. F. 5, 527: quem vocet divum populus, Hor. C. 1, 2, 25; cf. id. ib. 1, 14, 10; 1, 30, 2; 3, 22, 3; id. Epod. 5, 5: votis imbrem, to call down, Verg. G. 1, 157.—Poet. with inf.: hic (Charon) levare functum Pauperem laboribus Vocatus atque non vocatus audit, Hor. C. 2, 18, 40.—B. In partic.
1. To cite, summon into court, before a magistrate (syn. cito):
in jus vocas: sequitur, Cic. Quint. 19, 61: tribuni etiam consulem in rostra vocari jusserunt, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 12, 6.—2. To bid, invite one as a guest, to dinner, etc. (syn. invito): Pa. Solus cenabo domi? Ge. Non enim solus:
me vocato, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 20: si quis esum me vocat, id. ib. 1, 3, 28: aliquem ad cenam, Ter. And. 2, 6, 22; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 9: vulgo ad prandium, id. Mur. 34, 72: domum suam istum non fere quisquam vocabat, id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: nos parasiti, quos numquam quisquam neque vocat neque invocat, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 7: convivam, id. As. 4, 1, 23: spatium apparandis nuptiis, vocandi, sacrificandi dabitur paululum, Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 21: Ge. Cenabis apud me. Ep. Vocata est opera nunc quidem, i. e. I have been already invited, I have an engagement, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 18; so, too, bene vocas! verum vocata res est, id. Curc. 4, 4, 7: bene vocas; tum gratia'st, id. Men. 2, 3, 36 Brix ad loc.—3. In gen., to call, invite, exhort, summon, urge, stimulate, etc.:
quod me ad vitam vocas, Cic. Att. 3, 7, 2: haec nisi vides expediri, quam in spem me vocas? id. ib. 3, 15, 6: quarum rerum spe ad laudem me vocasti, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2.— b. Of inanimate or abstract subjects, to invite, call, summon, incite, arouse: quo cujusque cibus vocat atque invitat aventes, Lucr. 5, 524:
lenis crepitans vocat Auster in altum, Verg. A. 3, 70; cf.: quāque vo. cant fluctus, Ov. R. Am. 532: Carthaginienses fessos nox imberque ad necessariam quietem vocabat, Liv. 28, 15, 12: me ad studium (feriae), Phaedr. 3, prol. 9: quocumque vocasset defectionis ab Romanis spes, Liv. 24, 36, 9; cf.: arrogantiā offensas vo care, to provoke or excite hostility, Tac. H. 4, 80.—Pass.: cum ipso anni tempore ad gerendum bellum vocaretur, Caes. B. G. 7, 32. —Poet., with inf.: sedare sitim fluvii fontesque vocabant, Lucr. 5, 945.—4. To challenge:
centuriones ... nutu vocibusque hostes, si introire vellent, vocare coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: cum hinc Aetoli, haud dubie hostes, vocarent ad bellum, Liv. 34, 43, 5: vocare hostem et vulnera mereri, Tac. G. 14; Verg. G. 3, 194; 4, 76; id. A. 11, 375; 11, 442; Sil. 14, 199; Stat. Th. 6, 747; cf. Verg. A. 6, 172; 4, 223 Heyne ad loc.— 5. To call by name, to name, denominate (freq. and class.; syn. nomino): certabant urbem Romam Remoramne vocarent, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48. 107 (Ann. v. 85 Vahl.): quem Graeci vocant Aërem, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 65 Müll. (Epicharm. v. 8 Vahl.):
cum penes unum est omnium summa rerum, regen illum unum vocamus, Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 42: comprehensio, quam κατάληψιν illi vocant, id. Ac. 2, 6, 17: urbem ex Antiochi patris nomine Antiochiam vocavit, Just. 15, 4, 8: ad Spelaeum, quod vocant, biduum moratus, Liv. 45, 33, 8: me miserum vocares, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 92: non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, id. C. 4, 9, 45.— With de, to call after, to name after: lapis, quem Magneta vocant patrio de nomine Graeci, Lucr. 6, 908: patrioque vocant de nomine mensem, Ov. F. 3, 77.—Pass.: ego vocor Lyconides, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 49: De. Quī vocare? Ge. Geta, Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 3: jam lepidus vocor, id. ib. 5, 7, 13; id. Eun. 2, 2, 33: a se visum esse in eo colle Romulum, qui nunc Quirinalis vocatur ... se deum esse et Quirinum vocari, Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 20: syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus, Hor. A. P. 251: patiens vocari Caesaris ultor, id. C. 1, 2, 43: sive tu Lucina probas vocari, id. C. S. 15.—With de, to be named for, etc.: Taurini vocantur de fluvio qui propter fuit, Cat. Orig. 3, fr. 1: ludi, qui de nomine Augusti fastis additi, Augustales vocarentur, Tac. A. 1, 15.—6. In eccl. Lat., to call to a knowledge of the gospel, Vulg. 1 Cor. 1, 2; id. Gal. 1, 6; id. 1 Thess. 2, 12.—
II. Transf., to call, i. e. to bring, draw, put, set, place in some position or condition:
ne me apud milites in invidiam voces, Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 59: aliquem in odium aut invidiam, id. Off. 1, 25, 86: cujusdam familia in suspitionem est vocata conjurationis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 4, § 10: aliquem in luctum, id. Att. 3, 7, 2: in partem (hereditatis) mulieres vocatae sunt, succeeded to a share, id. Caecin. 4, 12; so, aliquem in partem curarum, Tac. A. 1, 11: in portionem muneris, Just. 5, 2, 9: me ad Democritum vocas, to refer, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 56.—With inanimate or abstract objects: ex eā die ad hanc diem quae fecisti, in judicium voco, I call to account, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 34; so, aliquid in judicium, id. de Or. 1, 57, 241; id. Balb. 28, 64 al.: singula verba sub judicium, Ov. P. 1, 5, 20: ad calculos vocare amicitiam, Cic. Lael. 16, 58; Liv. 5, 4, 7; Plin. Pan. 38, 3: nulla fere potest res in dicendi disceptationem aut controversium vocari, quae, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 291: aliquid in dubium, id. Inv. 2, 28, 84: templa deorum immortalium, tecta urbis, vitam omnium civium, Italiam denique totam ad exitium et vastitatem vocas, bring to destruction, reduce to ruin, destroy, id. Cat. 1, 5, 12.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
vocō āvī, ātus, āre
VOC-, to call, summon, invoke, call together, convoke: (patrem) blandā voce: hominum multitudinem ex omni provinciā vocat, Cs.: classico ad concilium milites ad tribunos, L.: patribus vocatis, V.: Fertur haec moriens pueris dixisse vocatis, H.: ut in senatum vocarentur qui, etc., L.: in contionem vocari placuit, L.— Poet.: Tum cornix plenā pluviam vocat voce, i. e. announces, V.: pugnas, i. e. declare war, V.— To call upon, invoke, appeal to: Voce vocans Hecaten, invoking, V.: ventis vocatis, V.: Auxilio deos, V.: vos (deos) in verba, as witnesses, O.: Quem vocet divōm populus, H.: votis imbrem, call down, V.: (Charon) levare functum Pauperem laboribus Vocatus, H.—In legal proceedings, to cite, summon: in ius: vocatus Ariston purgare sese, L.—As a guest, to bid, invite, ask: alqm ad cenam, T.: ad prandium volgo: Spatium Vocandi dabitur, i. e. for sending invitations, T.—To call, invite, exhort, summon, urge, stimulate: me ad vitam: quam in spem me.—To challenge, defy: centuriones hostīs, si introire vellent, vocare coeperunt, Cs.: cum hinc Aetoli vocarent ad bellum, L.: cantu vocat in certamina divos, V.—To call by name, name, denominate, designate, entitle: urbem Romam, Enn. ap. C.: regem illum unum: ad Spelaeum, quod vocant, biduum moratus, L.: me miserum vocares, H.: patrioquo vocat de nomine mensem, names after, O.: se Quirinum vocari: Sive tu Lucina probas vocari, H.—To call, bring, draw, put, set, place: apud milites me in invidiam: in partem (hereditatis) mulieres vocatae sunt, succeeded to a share: me ad Democritum vocas, refer: eam (causam) in iudicium, bring to trial: quae fecisti, in iudicium voco, I call to account: sub iudicium singula verba, O.: si ad calculos eum res p. vocet, L.: Italiam ad exitium vocas, i.e. threaten with ruin.—Of things, to invite, call, summon, incite, arouse: lenis crepitans vocat Auster in altum, V.: Quāque vocant fluctūs, O.: Carthaginiensīs fessos nox ad quietem vocabat, L.: ipso anni tempore ad gerendum bellum vocari, Cs.
Origins
Denominal from the oblique Proto-Indo-European stem *wokʷ- of vōx (“voice, speech”).
Descendants
- Catalanvogar
- Italianvocare
- Italianvogare
- Occitanvogar
- Portuguesevogar
- Sardinianabogai
- Sardinianbogai
- Spanishbogar
- Friulianvogâ
- Galicianvogar
In English words that came into English from vocō
- revokerevocare
- advocateadvocātus
- invokeinvocō
- vocativevocātīvus
- vocabularyvocābulārium
- provokeprōvocāre
- vouch*vocico
- evokeēvocō
- vocationvocātiō
- equivocalaequivocus
- avowadvoco
- provocationprovocatio
- provocativeprovocativus
- convocationconvocatio
- invocationinvocatio
- avocationāvocātiō
- revocationrevocationem
- equivocateaequivocātus
- convokeconvocare
- equivocationaequivocātiō
- avouchadvocō
- vocablevocābulum
- revocablerevocabilis
- equivoqueaequivocus