verbfirst conjugation
mūtō1
mūtō (present infinitive mūtāre, perfect active mūtāvī, supine mūtātum)
Classical[ˈmuː.toː]Ecclesiastical[ˈmuː.to]
№ 315 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to move, remove
in melius mutare
to change to a better condition, improve - transitiveto alter, change, modify, transform
mutatis mutandis
the necessary changes having been made - to vary, diversify
- to mutate, spoil
- to exchange, barter, sell
- to forsake, abandon, leave
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
rem prō rē dō; etiam: aliud fīō.mūtō -āre — in Mille Verba, Mercātus
alium faciōmūtō -āre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 1
to change
mūtō -āre — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 12, 20, 21, 26 and Seneca, ch. IV
change
mūtō -āre — in De Bello Gallico II
is changed
mūtātur — in Seneca, ch. XIV
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Vestis · Vestitus · Vestimentum · Amictus · Amiculum · Cultus · Habitus
1. Vestis (from vas, Goth. wastjan) is the most general expression, and denotes sometimes the whole clothes; vestitus, sometimes only a single article of dress, vestimentum. Vestem mutare denotes, to go into mourning; vestimenta mutare, to shift one’s clothes. 2. Vestis and vestimentum denote the clothes which cover the body, as necessary or decent; amictus and amiculum (from ambi and jacere) the cloak or mantle which covers the under-clothing, for the sake of warmth or of ornament; amictus, the whole of the over-clothing; amiculum, a single article, as a mantle. Tac. G. 17. Feminæ sæpius lineis amictibus velantur, partemque vestitus superioris in manicas non extendunt. Curt. v. 1, 38. Sil. It. vii. 447. 3. Cultus and habitus have a wider meaning than vestis; cultus (occulere) whatever belongs to dress, girdle, hat, ornaments, arms, etc.; habitus, whatever belongs to the exterior in general, cleanliness, mode of dressing the hair, carriage of the body, etc. Suet. Cæs. 44. Dicam ea, quæ ad formam et habitum et cultum et mores pertinebant. Cal. 52. Vestitu calceatuque cæteroque habitu. (v. 209.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mūtō | mūtābam | mūtābō | mūtāvī | mūtāveram mūtāram | mūtāverō mūtārō |
| 2nd sg. | mūtās | mūtābās | mūtābis | mūtāvistī mūtāstī | mūtāverās mūtārās | mūtāveris mūtāris |
| 3rd sg. | mūtat | mūtābat | mūtābit | mūtāvit mūtāt | mūtāverat mūtārat | mūtāverit mūtārit |
| 1st pl. | mūtāmus | mūtābāmus | mūtābimus | mūtāvimus mūtāmus | mūtāverāmus mūtārāmus | mūtāverimus mūtārimus |
| 2nd pl. | mūtātis | mūtābātis | mūtābitis | mūtāvistis mūtāstis | mūtāverātis mūtārātis | mūtāveritis mūtāritis |
| 3rd pl. | mūtant | mūtābant | mūtābunt | mūtāvērunt mūtārunt, mūtāvēre | mūtāverant mūtārant | mūtāverint mūtārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mūtem | mūtārem | mūtāverim mūtārim | mūtāvissem mūtāssem |
| 2nd sg. | mūtēs | mūtārēs | mūtāverīs mūtārīs | mūtāvissēs mūtāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | mūtet | mūtāret | mūtāverit mūtārit | mūtāvisset mūtāsset |
| 1st pl. | mūtēmus | mūtārēmus | mūtāverīmus mūtārīmus | mūtāvissēmus mūtāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | mūtētis | mūtārētis | mūtāverītis mūtārītis | mūtāvissētis mūtāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | mūtent | mūtārent | mūtāverint mūtārint | mūtāvissent mūtāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mūtor | mūtābar | mūtābor |
| 2nd sg. | mūtāris mūtāre | mūtābāris mūtābāre | mūtāberis mūtābere |
| 3rd sg. | mūtātur | mūtābātur | mūtābitur |
| 1st pl. | mūtāmur | mūtābāmur | mūtābimur |
| 2nd pl. | mūtāminī | mūtābāminī | mūtābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | mūtantur | mūtābantur | mūtābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | mūter | mūtārer |
| 2nd sg. | mūtēris mūtēre | mūtārēris mūtārēre |
| 3rd sg. | mūtētur | mūtārētur |
| 1st pl. | mūtēmur | mūtārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | mūtēminī | mūtārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | mūtentur | mūtārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | mūtā | mūtāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | mūtāte | mūtāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | mūtātō | mūtātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | mūtātō | mūtātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | mūtātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | mūtantō | mūtantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | mūtāre | mūtārī mūtārier |
| perfect infinitive | mūtāvisse mūtāsse | mūtātum esse |
| future infinitive | mūtātūrum esse | mūtātum īrī |
| present participle | mūtāns mūtante, mūtantem, mūtantēs, mūtantī, mūtantia, mūtantibus, mūtantis, mūtantīs, mūtantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | mūtātus mūtāta, mūtātā, mūtātae, mūtātam, mūtātārum, mūtātās, mūtātī, mūtātōrum, mūtātōs |
| future participle | mūtātūrus mūtātūra, mūtātūrā, mūtātūrae, mūtātūram, mūtātūrārum, mūtātūrās, mūtātūre, mūtātūrī, mūtātūrīs, mūtātūrō, mūtātūrōrum, mūtātūrōs, mūtātūrum | mūtandus |
gerundmūtandī, mūtandō, mūtandumsupinemūtātum, mūtātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- vultum non mutare
- to keep one's countenance, remain impassive.
- consilium, sententiam mutare
- to alter one's views, intentions.
- vestimenta (et calceos) mutare
- to change one's clothes (and shoes).
- civitatem mutare (Balb. 11. 27)
- to naturalise oneself as a citizen of another country.
- solum vertere, mutare (Caecin. 34. 100)
- to leave one's country (only used of exiles).
- rationem belli gerendi mutare (Liv. 32. 31)
- to change one's tactics.
- vestem mutare (opp. ad vestitum suum redire) (Planc. 12. 29)
- to go into mourning.
mūto, āvi, ātum (arch.
I. subj. mutassis, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 49; inf. pass. mutarier, id. Men. prol. 74), 1, v. a. and n. freq. [moveo].
I. Prop., to move, to move away or from its place, to move to a place (rare):
neque se luna quoquam mutat, does not move, does not budge, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 117: illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, does not quit her dress or her dwelling, Hor. S. 2, 7, 64: ne quis invitus civitate mutetur, be forced to leave, be driven from, Cic. Balb. 13, 30: hinc dum muter, if I can only get away from here, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 73.— II. Transf.
A. Of change in the thing spoken of itself.
1. In gen.
a. Act., to alter, change a thing (freq. and class.; cf.
vario): sententiam mutare numquam, Cic. Mur 29, 61: ego rogatus mutavi consilium meum. id. Fam. 4, 4, 4: consuetudinem dicendi, id. Brut. 91, 314: mentes vestras voluntatesque, id. Prov. Cons. 10, 25: cum testamentum mutare cuperet, id. Clu. 11, 31: propositum. Petr. 116: ne haec mutet fidem, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 36: nequeo exorare ut me maneat et cum illo ut mutet fidem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28: tabulas, to alter one's will, Juv. 14, 55.—Absol.: natura nescia mutari, incapable of change, Juv. 13, 240. —With ob: mutatum jus ob unius feneratoris libidinem, Liv. 8, 28, 1: facilem mutatu gentem, Tac. A. 14, 23.—With ad: gubernatori ad incursus tempestatum ... ratio mutanda est, Quint. 10, 7, 3: ad singulas paene distinctiones vultus mutandus est, id. 11, 3, 47.—With Gr. acc.: mutata suos flumina cursus, Verg. E. 8, 4: negat quicquam ex Latinā ratione mutandum, Quint. 1, 5, 89.—With cum: cum illo fidem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28 supra; more freq. cum aliquā re, to change with or under the influence of a thing: facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur, Sall. J. 78, 3: qui cum fortunā non animum mutāsset, Vell. 2, 82, 2: quarum uvarum vini jucunditas cum regione mutatur, Col. 3, 2, 16; Ambros. in Abrah. 2, 10, 68.—With in and acc.: bona facile mutantur in pejus, Quint. 1, 1, 5.—With ex: nisi forte non ex Graeco mutantes, etc., Quint. 3, 4, 14: ex feminis mutari in mares, Plin. 7, 4, 3, § 36. —With de: de uxore nihil mutat, Ter. And. 5, 4, 46.—With ab: quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore, Verg. A. 2, 274: longe mutatus ab illo Sampsone, qui, etc., Ambros. Spir. Sanc. 2, prol. § 13.—Non mutat, with rel.-clause, it makes no difference: nec mutat confestim, an interjecto tempore, fidem suam adstrinxerunt, Pap. Dig. 46, 1, 52, § 2. —With abl. instrum. (poet.): ut silvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos, Hor. A. P. 60.—b. Neutr., = mutari, to alter, change:
quantum mores mutaverint argumentum, Liv. 39, 51, 10: postquam mutabat aestus, Tac. A. 2, 23; 12, 20: annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit, Liv. 5, 13, 1: mox in superbiam mutans, Tac. A. 12, 29: adeo animi mutaverant, ut clariorem inter Romanos deditio Postumium ... faceret, Liv. 9, 12, 3: tantum mutāsse fortunam, ut, etc., id. 29, 3, 10; 39, 51, 10.—(b). To differ, be different:
pastiones hiberno ac verno tempore hoc mutant, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 12: quantum mutare a Menandro Caecilius visus est, Gell. 2, 23, 7.—(g). Of style, to vary:
an ego ... poetis, et maxime tragicis concederem, ut ne omnibus locis eādem contentione uterentur, crebroque mutarent? etc., Cic. Or. 31, 109.—2. In partic.
a. To change the color of, to color, dye (cf.:
inficio, imbuo): aries jam suave rubenti Murice, jam croceo mutabit vellera luto, Verg. E. 4, 44: nec lanarum colores, quibus simplex ille candor mutatus est, elui possunt, Quint. 1, 1, 5.—b. To change for the better, make better, to improve: placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi.:
non, si queam mutare, Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 19.—c. To change for the worse; pass., of wine, to spoil, turn, etc.:
ac, nisi mutatum, parcit defundere vinum, Hor. S. 2, 2, 58: melle mutatum (sc. balsamum), adulterated, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122.—B. Of change in its relation to other things, etc.
1. In gen., to change one thing, etc., for another:
mutatis ad celeritatem jumentis, Caes. B. C. 3, 11: vestimenta mutanti tunica ardere visa est, Suet. Tib. 14: calceos et vestimenta, Cic. Mil. 10, 28.—Esp. freq.: mutare vestem, to change one's dress: An. Muta vestem. Ch. Ubi mutem? ... An. Eamus ad me. Ibi proximum'st ubi mutes, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 61 sqq.: mutando nunc vestem, nunc tegumenta capitis, Liv. 22, 1, 3; Sen. Ep. 18, 2.—Esp., to put on the garb of mourning, of humility, etc.: pro me praesente senatus hominumque praeterea viginti millia vestem mutaverunt, Cic. post Red. ad Quir. 3, 8: non modo ut vestem mutaret, aut supplex prensaret homines, sed, etc., Liv. 2, 61; 8, 37, 9; Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Hor. C. 1, 35, 23.— 2. Esp.
a. Mutata verba, i. e. figurative:
mutata (verba), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet, sumptum ex re aliquā consequenti, Cic. Or. 27, 92.—b. Of style, to vary, alter:
reliquum est ut dicas de conversā oratione atque mutatā, Cic. Part. Or. 7, 23: genus eloquendi ... mutatum, id. ib. 5, 16.—c. Of one's assertion or promise:
quod dixi semel, hau mutabo, will not break my word, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90.—d. Of place, to change, shift, alter:
locum ex loco mutans (sc. typhon) rapidā vertigine, Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 132; cf.: quod nec injussu populi mutari finibus posset, to be removed, Liv. 5, 46, 11: exsules sunt, etiam si solum non mutārunt, i. e. gone into exile, Cic. Par. 4, 31: jussa pars mutare Lares et urbem Sospite cursu, Hor. C. Sec. 39.—C. Of common or reciprocal relations, to interchange, exchange.—With cum:
cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 8, § 19: ut vestem cum illo mutem, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 24: ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent, Liv. 21, 45, 6.—With pro: C. Hostilio pro Etruriā Tarentum mutaverant (sonatus) provinciam, pro Tarento Capuam mutaverunt, Liv. 27, 35, 14: non debere eum incerta pro certis mutare, Sall. J. 83, 1: mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos, Liv. 34, 49, 6.—With abl. of that for which the exchange, etc., is made: quid terras alio calentes Sole mutamus (patriā), Hor. C. 2, 16, 19: victoriae possessionem incertā pace mutāsse, Liv. 9, 12, 2; also with abl. of that given in exchange, etc.: victrice patriā victam mutari, id. 5, 30, 3.—So esp. of trading, etc., to exchange, barter, sell, etc.: coepit captivos conmercari Aleos, si quem reperire possit, qui mutet suum, Plaut. Capt. prol. 28; cf.: homines captivos conmercatur, si queat Aliquem invenire, suum qui mutet filium, id. ib. 1, 1, 33; 1, 2, 68: hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc., Hor. S. 1, 4, 29: mutandi copia, Sall. J. 18, 5.—With abl.: uvam Furtivā mutat strigili, Hor. S. 2, 7, 109: suburbanis lactens porcus aere mutandus est, Col. 7, 9, 4: caetera reponantur, vel aere mutentur, id. 8, 5, 4: aere mutandi sunt (sc. apri), id. 9, 1, 7: quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur, Verg. G. 3, 307; so with cum and pers. with whom the exchange is made: eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio, Sall. J. 44, 5.—With inter: mutare res inter se instituerant, Sall. J. 18, 9.—D. To forsake, abandon, leave:
mutare, derelinquere, Non. p. 351, 1: expertum jam principem anxii mutabant, Tac. H. 3, 44: mihi non persuadetur ... mutem meos, Lucil. ap. Non. 351, 3: mutataque sidera pondus Quaesivere suum, i. e. forsaken or abandoned by the gods, Petr. poët. 124, 264.—Hence, mūtā-tus, a, um, P. a., changed, i. e. different, successive: quae (facies) mutatis inducitur atque fovetur Tot medicaminibus, Juv. 6, 472.Mūto,
I. a Roman surname, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Fundan. p. 445 Orell.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
mūtō āvī, ātus, āre, freq.
moveo.—Of motion, to move, move away, remove : se Non habitu mutatve loco, quit her dress or her dwelling , H.: coactus civitate mutari, be forced to leave : hinc dum muter, if I can only get away , O.: haec mutata, transplanted , V.—Of alteration, to alter, change, transform, vary, modify : sententiam paucis mutatis rebus sequi, with trifling modifications , Cs.: consilium meum: consuetudinem dicendi: testamentum: tabulas, one's will , Iu.: cum illo ut mutet fidem, T.: natura nescia mutari, incapable of change , Iu.: Mutati fremunt venti, shifted , V.: faciem mutatus, transformed in appearance , V.: facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur, S.: mutatis ad misericordiam animis, turned , L.: quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore, V.: acetum, Quod vitio mutaverit uvam, by fermentation has turned , H.: (lupum) marmore, into marble , O.— To suffer change, alter, change : de uxore nihil mutat, T.: quantum mores mutaverint, L.: annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit, L.—Of style, to vary, change, diversify : an ego poetis concederem, ut crebro mutarent?: genus eloquendi . . . mutatum: mutata (verba), used figuratively.—To change in color, color, dye : aries iam croceo mutabit vellera luto, V.— To change, make better, improve : Placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi . non si queam mutare, T.— To change for the worse, spoil, turn : mutatum vinum, H.—Of substitution, to change, replace, make a change in : mutatis ad celeritatem iumentis, Cs.: calceos et vestimenta: arma ornatumque, S.: tegumenta capitis, L.: vestitum, put on mourning : mutatā Veste (Fortuna), assuming a squalid garb , H.—Of place, to change, shift, alter : mutari finibus, to be removed , L.: solum, i. e. go into exile : caelum, non animum, H.: calores (i. e. amores), Pr.—Of exchange, to interchange, exchange : cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare: ut vestem cum eo mutem, T.: mutata secum fortuna, L.: incerta pro certis, S.: mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos, L.: pace bellum, S.: victoriae possessionem pace incertā, L.: mitibus Mutare tristia, H. — To exchange, barter, sell : Hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc., H.: mutandi copia, S.: uvam Furtivā strigili, H.: quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur, are sold dear , V.: eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio, S.: res inter se, S.— To forsake : principem, Ta.
Origins
From Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange”).
Elsewhere
- Catalanmutar
- Englishmutate
- Englishmute
- Frenchmuter
- Englishmoultfrom Old English bemutian
- Portuguesemutar
- Spanishmutar
- Asturianmutar
- Galicianmutar
- Welshmudofrom Proto-Brythonic *mʉdad
Gallo-Romance
- Englishmewfrom Old French muer
- Frenchmuerfrom Old French muer
- Catalanmudar
- Occitanmudar
Balkan Romance
- Romanianmuta
- Romanianmutare
- Aromanianmut
- Aromanianmutari
- Megleno-Romanianmut
- Megleno-Romanianmutari
Ibero-Romance
- Portuguesemudarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese mudar
- Spanishmudar
- Asturianmudarfrom Old Leonese mudar
- Galicianmudarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese mudar
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianmutare
- Dalmatianmoitur
- Corsicanmutà
- Sicilianmutari
- Venetanmudar
- Venetanmuar
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianmudâ
- Ladinmudé
- Ladinmudèr
- Romanshmidar
- Romanshmüdar