verbfirst conjugation
commūtō
commūtō (present infinitive commūtāre, perfect active commūtāvī, supine commūtātum)
Classical[kɔmˈmuː.toː]Ecclesiastical[komˈmuː.to]
Meaning
- to change or alter entirely; modify, correct, reform, transform
- to decay, spoil, rot
- to exchange something with another, change, barter, interchange, replace, substitute, traffic
- to exchange words, converse, discourse, have a conversation
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
change entirely
commūtō -āre — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | commūtō | commūtābam | commūtābō | commūtāvī | commūtāveram | commūtāverō commūtārō |
| 2nd sg. | commūtās | commūtābās | commūtābis | commūtāvistī commūtāstī | commūtāverās commūtārās | commūtāveris |
| 3rd sg. | commūtat | commūtābat | commūtābit | commūtāvit | commūtāverat commūtārat | commūtāverit commūtārit |
| 1st pl. | commūtāmus | commūtābāmus | commūtābimus | commūtāvimus | commūtāverāmus | commūtāverimus commūtārimus |
| 2nd pl. | commūtātis | commūtābātis | commūtābitis | commūtāvistis commūtāstis | commūtāverātis commūtārātis | commūtāveritis commūtāritis |
| 3rd pl. | commūtant | commūtābant | commūtābunt | commūtāvērunt commūtāvēre, commūtārunt | commūtāverant commūtārant | commūtāverint commūtārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | commūtem | commūtārem | commūtāverim commūtārim | commūtāvissem commūtāssem |
| 2nd sg. | commūtēs | commūtārēs | commūtāverīs | commūtāvissēs commūtāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | commūtet | commūtāret | commūtāverit commūtārit | commūtāvisset commūtāsset |
| 1st pl. | commūtēmus | commūtārēmus | commūtāverīmus commūtārīmus | commūtāvissēmus commūtāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | commūtētis | commūtārētis | commūtāverītis commūtārītis | commūtāvissētis commūtāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | commūtent | commūtārent | commūtāverint commūtārint | commūtāvissent commūtāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | commūtor | commūtābar | commūtābor |
| 2nd sg. | commūtāris commūtāre | commūtābāris commūtābāre | commūtāberis commūtābere |
| 3rd sg. | commūtātur | commūtābātur | commūtābitur |
| 1st pl. | commūtāmur | commūtābāmur | commūtābimur |
| 2nd pl. | commūtāminī | commūtābāminī | commūtābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | commūtantur | commūtābantur | commūtābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | commūter | commūtārer |
| 2nd sg. | commūtēris commūtēre | commūtārēris commūtārēre |
| 3rd sg. | commūtētur | commūtārētur |
| 1st pl. | commūtēmur | commūtārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | commūtēminī | commūtārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | commūtentur | commūtārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | commūtā | commūtāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | commūtāte | commūtāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | commūtātō | commūtātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | commūtātō | commūtātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | commūtātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | commūtantō | commūtantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | commūtāre | commūtārī |
| perfect infinitive | commūtāvisse commūtāsse | commūtātum esse |
| future infinitive | commūtātūrum esse | commūtātum īrī |
| present participle | commūtāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | commūtātus commūtāta, commūtātā, commūtātae, commūtātam, commūtātārum, commūtātās, commūtātī, commūtātōrum, commūtātōs |
| future participle | commūtātūrus commūtātūra, commūtātūrā, commūtātūrae, commūtātūram, commūtātūrārum, commūtātūrās, commūtātūre, commūtātūrī, commūtātūrīs, commūtātūrō, commūtātūrōrum, commūtātūrōs, commūtātūrum | commūtandus commūtanda, commūtandā, commūtandae, commūtandam, commūtandārum, commūtandās, commūtande, commūtandīs, commūtandōrum, commūtandōs |
gerundcommūtandī, commūtandō, commūtandumsupinecommūtātum, commūtātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- captivos permutare, commutare
- to exchange prisoners.
- fortuna commutatur, se inclinat
- luck is changing, waning.
com-mūto (conm-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
I. To alter wholly, change entirely (class.; most freq. in Cic.).
A. Prop.:
omnia migrant, Omnia commutat natura et vortere cogit, Lucr. 5, 829; 1, 594; 1, 589; 2, 936: signa rerum, Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74: frontem et vultum, Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 42: vocem, Suet. Tib. 71: quae commutantur fiuntque contraria, Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31.—Of fruits, to decay, spoil, Varr. R. R. 1, 69, 1.—2. Esp. rhet. t. t., to change one's form of expression: commutabimus tripliciter, verbis, pronuntiando, tractando, i. e. vary our style, etc., Auct. Her. 4, 42, 54.—
B. Trop.:
ad commutandos animos atque omni ratione flectendos, Cic. de Or. 2, 52, 211: nihil commutantur animo et idem abeunt qui venerant, id. Fin. 4, 3, 7; id. Att. 16, 5, 2.—II. To exchange something with another, to change, interchange, replace, substitute, barter, traffic.
A. In gen., constr. with acc. alone, or with inter se, cum and abl., or abl. alone, or absol.
1. With acc.:
conmuto ilico pallium, Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 36: ubi aetate hoc caput colorem conmutavit, id. Most. 1, 3, 44: coloniam, id. Aul. 3, 6, 40: locum, Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 3: captivos, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; cf.: inter se conmutant vestem ac nomina, interchange, Plaut. Capt. prol. 37: ornamenta templorum, Suet. Vit. 5; id. Aug. 24.—2. With cum and abl.
(a). Of person:
(loricam) secum, Just. 3, 1, 8.—(b). Of thing:
gloriam constantiae cum caritate patriae, Cic. Sest. 16, 37: mortem cum vitā, Sulp. ap. id. Fam. 4, 5, 3.—3. With pro and abl.:
(litteras) D pro A, Suet. Caes. 56: vinum pro oleo, Dig. 2, 15, 8 fin.—4. With abl.:
nisi oculos orationemque aliam conmutas tibi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 56: fidem suam et religionem pecuniā, Cic. Clu. 46, 129: ornandi causā proprium (verbum) proprio, id. de Or. 3, 42, 167: possessionis invidiam pecuniā, id. Agr. 1, 5, 14: leve compendium fraude maximā, Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29; cf.: hanc esse rem, quae si sit semel judicata, neque alio commutari... possit, replaced, i. e. made good, Cic. Inv. 1, 53, 102: victum vitamque priorem novis rebus, Lucr. 5, 1106: studium belli gerendi agriculturā, Caes. B. G. 6, 22: mustum aere, Col. 12, 26, 2.—5. Absol., to make an exchange:
vin conmutemus? Tuam ego ducam et tu meam? Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 21: si quid de se diceretur, non dubitaret interpellare et commutare, to change the subject, Suet. Tib. 27.—B. Esp. of speech, to exchange words, to discourse, converse (so only twice in Ter.; cf.
commutatio, II.): unum verbum tecum, Ter. And. 2, 4, 7: non tria Verba inter vos, id. Phorm. 4, 3, 34.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
com-mūtō (conm-) āvī, ātus, āre,
to alter wholly, change entirely: signa rerum: quae commutantur fiuntque contraria: leges. — Fig.: ad commutandos animos.—To change, exchange, interchange, replace, substitute, barter, traffic: eandem rem dicere commutatis verbis: locum, T.: captivos: conmutatis ordinibus, reformed, S.: consilio commutato: proprium (verbum) proprio: possessionis invidiam pecuniā: studium belli gerendi agriculturā, Cs. — To exchange words, discourse, converse: tecum unum verbum, T.: tria Verba inter vos, T.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
- Proto-Italic*kom
- Proto-Italic*kom-
- Latincommūtō
Latin mūtō Latin commūtō From con- + mūtō (“change, alter”).
Descendants
- Catalancommutar
- Englishcommute
- Frenchcommuer
- Italiancommutare
- Portuguesecomutar
- Romaniancomuta
- Spanishconmutar
- Asturiancamudar