verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation, deponent
gradior
gradior (present infinitive gradī, perfect active gressus sum)
Classical[ˈɡra.di.ɔr]Ecclesiastical[ˈɡraː.di.or]
Meaning
- deponentto step, walk, stride
[...] ipse iugīs Cynthī graditur, [...].
[Apollo] himself strides upon the ridges of Cynthus, ….29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.147 - EcclesiasticalLatinMedieval Latindeponentfigurativelyto "walk" as in to act or behave, to join with
Quī cum sapientibus graditur, sapiēns erit: amīcus stultōrum efficiētur similis.
He that walketh with the wise, shall be wise: a friend of fools shall become like to them. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Proverbs.13.20 - deponentto advance, proceed, go, move
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
passibus eōgradior -ī — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 14
Conjugation deponent
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | gradior | gradiēbar | gradiar | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | graderis gradere | gradiēbāris gradiēbāre | gradiēris gradiēre | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | graditur | gradiēbātur | gradiētur | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | gradimur | gradiēbāmur | gradiēmur | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | gradiminī | gradiēbāminī | gradiēminī | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | gradiuntur | gradiēbantur | gradientur | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | gradiar | graderer | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | gradiāris gradiāre | graderēris graderēre | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | gradiātur | graderētur | — | — |
| 1st pl. | gradiāmur | graderēmur | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | gradiāminī | graderēminī | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | gradiantur | graderentur | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | gradere | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | gradiminī | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | graditor | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | graditor | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | gradiuntor | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | gradī | — |
| perfect infinitive | gressum esse | — |
| future infinitive | gressūrum esse | — |
| present participle | gradiēns | — |
| perfect participle | gressus gressa, gressā, gressae, gressam, gressārum, gressās, gresse, gressī, gressīs, gressō, gressōrum, gressōs | — |
| future participle | gressūrus gressūra, gressūrā, gressūrae, gressūram, gressūrārum, gressūrās, gressūre, gressūrī, gressūrīs, gressūrō, gressūrōrum, gressūrōs, gressūrum | gradiendus gradiundus, gradienda, gradiendā, gradiendae, gradiendam, gradiendārum, gradiendās, gradiende, gradiendīs, gradiendōrum, gradiendōs, gradiunda, gradiundā, gradiundae, gradiundam, gradiundārum, gradiundās, gradiunde, gradiundī, gradiundīs, gradiundō, gradiundōrum, gradiundōs, gradiundum |
gerundgradiendī, gradiendō, gradiendumsupinegressum, gressū
grădĭor, gressus, 3,
I. v. dep. n. [Sanscr. kra-, kram, to go; Goth. skrei-tan; Germ. schreiten, Schritt], to take steps, to step, walk, go (rare but class.; cf.:
eo, grassor, incedo, vado, pergo, etc.): jam vero alia animalia gradiendo, alia serpendo ad pastum accedunt, alia volando, alia nando, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122; cf.: quasdam (bestias) esse gradientes, id. Tusc. 5, 13, 38: si graderere tantum, quantum loquere, jam esses ad forum, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 138: si maledicetis, vostro gradiar limite, id. Poen. 3, 3, 19: inde auctumnus adit, graditur simul Euhius Euan, Lucr. 5, 743: longe gradientem et dira frementem Ut videre, Verg. A. 10, 572; cf.: gradiens ingenti passu, Ov. M. 13, 776: induiturque aures lente gradientis aselli, id. ib. 11, 179: si quo hic gradietur, pariter progrediminor, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 70: fidenti animo gradietur ad mortem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 46, 110: pariter gressi per opaca viarum, Verg. A. 6, 633; cf. Ov. M. 2, 80.— (b). With a homogeneous object:
uterque sexus (mulus et mula) viam recte graditur, Col. 6, 37, 11.—II. Poet. transf., of inanim. and abstr. things:
ut nubes paulatim repit et omne qua graditur conturbat, Lucr. 6, 1122: radit vox fauces saepe, facitque asperiora foras gradiens arteria clamor (corresp. to ire foras primordia vocum), id. 4, 529.—III. Trop., of the conduct of life, to walk, live, conduct one's self (eccl. Lat.):
cum sapientibus, Vulg. Prov. 13, 20: in superbia, id. Dan. 4, 34 al Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
gradior gressus, ī, dep.
gradus, to take steps, step, walk, go, advance : gradiendo accedere: quasdam (bestias) esse gradientes: longe, V.: lente, O.: trans alpīs, Ct.: fidenti animo ad mortem: pariter gressi, V.
Origins
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Old Irish do·gré, Old Welsh grynnyaw (“to press, thrust”). The traditional connection of Proto-Slavic *gręsti (“to go”) (Old Church Slavonic грѧсти (gręsti, “to come, walk, go”)), Lithuanian gri̇̀dyti (“to go, wander”), and Proto-Germanic *gridiz (“step”) (Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs)), Old High German crit) is contested, as the Germanic and Balto-Slavic forms, as well as Old Irish ad·greinn (“to track, follow”), seem to trace back to a different root, Proto-Indo-European *gʰreydʰ-, instead.