verbthird conjugation
fīgō
fīgō (present infinitive fīgere, perfect active fīxī, supine fīxum or fīctum)
Classical[ˈfiː.ɡoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈfiː.ɡo]
fīxus perf. pass. ind.; plupf. pass. ind.; fut. perf. pass. ind.; perf. pass. subj.; plupf. pass. subj.; perf. pass. ptcp.Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to fasten, fix
- to transfix, pierce
- to erect, post, set up
- to affirm, assert
- to drive nails
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
acūtum in rem pellō; sagitta in arbore fīxa est.fīgō -ere — in Mille Verba, Bellum et Arma
firmē pōnōfīgō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 19
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fīgō | fīgēbam | fīgam | fīxī | fīxeram | fīxerō |
| 2nd sg. | fīgis | fīgēbās | fīgēs | fīxistī | fīxerās | fīxeris |
| 3rd sg. | fīgit | fīgēbat | fīget | fīxit | fīxerat | fīxerit |
| 1st pl. | fīgimus | fīgēbāmus | fīgēmus | fīximus | fīxerāmus | fīxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | fīgitis | fīgēbātis | fīgētis | fīxistis | fīxerātis | fīxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | fīgunt | fīgēbant | fīgent | fīxērunt fīxēre | fīxerant | fīxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fīgam | fīgerem | fīxerim | fīxissem |
| 2nd sg. | fīgās | fīgerēs | fīxerīs | fīxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | fīgat | fīgeret | fīxerit | fīxisset |
| 1st pl. | fīgāmus | fīgerēmus | fīxerīmus | fīxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | fīgātis | fīgerētis | fīxerītis | fīxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | fīgant | fīgerent | fīxerint | fīxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fīgor | fīgēbar | fīgar |
| 2nd sg. | fīgeris fīgere | fīgēbāris fīgēbāre | fīgēris fīgēre |
| 3rd sg. | fīgitur | fīgēbātur | fīgētur |
| 1st pl. | fīgimur | fīgēbāmur | fīgēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fīgiminī | fīgēbāminī | fīgēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fīguntur | fīgēbantur | fīgentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fīgar | fīgerer |
| 2nd sg. | fīgāris fīgāre | fīgerēris fīgerēre |
| 3rd sg. | fīgātur | fīgerētur |
| 1st pl. | fīgāmur | fīgerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fīgāminī | fīgerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fīgantur | fīgerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | fīge | fīgere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | fīgite | fīgiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | fīgitō | fīgitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | fīgitō | fīgitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | fīgitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | fīguntō | fīguntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | fīgere | fīgī |
| perfect infinitive | fīxisse | fīxum esse fīctum esse |
| future infinitive | fīxūrum esse fīctūrum esse | fīxum īrī fīctum īrī |
| present participle | fīgēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | fīxus fīctus, fīxa, fīxā, fīxae, fīxam, fīxārum, fīxās, fīxe, fīxīs, fīxō, fīxōrum, fīxōs |
| future participle | fīxūrus fīctūrus, fīxūra, fīxūrā, fīxūrae, fīxūram, fīxūrārum, fīxūrās, fīxūre, fīxūrī, fīxūrīs, fīxūrō, fīxūrōrum, fīxūrōs, fīxūrum | fīgendus fīgundus, fīgenda, fīgendā, fīgendae, fīgendam, fīgendārum, fīgendās, fīgende, fīgendīs, fīgendōrum, fīgendōs |
gerundfīgendī, fīgendō, fīgendumsupinefīxum, fīxū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- oculos figere in terra and in terram
- to keep one's eyes on the ground.
fīgo, xi, xum, 3 (archaic
I. part. perf. ficta, Lucr. 3, 4; Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 4), v. a. Gr. σφίγγ-ω, to bind fast; σφιγμός, φῖμός, muzzle; cf. fīlum, for figlum. Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 186; Germ. dick. dicht; Engl. thick. etc., Corss. Krit. Nachtr. p. 233, to fix, fasten, drive or thrust in, attach, affix (class.; cf.: pango, configo, defigo).
I. Lit., constr. aliquid, aliquid in with abl. (poet. also in with acc., or aliquid with abl. only):
imbrices medias clavulis, Cato, R. R. 21, 3: palum in parietem, Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 4: mucrones in cive an in hoste, Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 6: tabulam decreti Caesaris aut beneficii, to post up, id. ib. 1, 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 12, 5 fin.: Antonius accepta grandi pecunia fixit legem a dictatore comitiis latam, i. e. posted it up as having been carried, id. Att. 14, 12, 1; cf.: adsentiri, ne qua tabula ullius decreti Caesaris figeretur, id. Phil. 1, 1, 3: fixit leges pretio atque refixit, Verg. A. 6, 622: quique aera legum vetustate delapsa, noscerent figerentque, Tac. H. 4, 40: nec verba minacia aere fixo legebantur, Ov. M. 1, 91: quam damnatis crucem servis fixeras, hadst fixed in the ground, erected, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 12: feraces plantas humo, to plant, set, Verg. G. 4, 115: clavos verticibus, Hor. C. 3, 24, 5: cuneos, Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 109 (dub.): veribus trementia (frusta), to fix on spits, Verg. A. 1, 212: spicula pectore, Prop. 2, 13, 2 (3, 4, 2 M.); for which: harundo in vertice fixa, Hor. S. 1, 8, 7: cristas vertice, Verg. A. 10, 701: fumantes taedas sub pectore, id. ib. 7, 457: notas in collo dente, to impress, Tib. 1, 8, 38: virus in venas per vulnera, injects, Cic. Arat. 432: vestigia, plants his steps, i. e. moves on, Verg. A. 6, 159: arma quae fixa in parietibus fuerant, fastened up, hung up, Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74; cf.: scuta sublime fixa, id. ib. 2, 31, 67: arma ad postem Herculis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 5: arma thalamo, Verg. A. 4, 495: arma Troïa hic, id. ib. 1, 248: clipeum postibus, id. ib. 3, 287: dona Laurenti Divo, id. ib. 12, 768: ID AES AD STATVAM LORICATAM DIVI IVLII, S. C. ap. Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 13: qui spolia ex hoste fixa domi haberent, Liv. 23, 23, 6; 38, 43, 11: navalem coronam fastigio Palatinae domus, Suet. Claud. 17: luteum opus celsā sub trabe (hirundo), Ov. F. 1, 158: ipse summis saxis fixus asperis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107, and id. Pis. 19, 43 (Trag. v. 413 ed. Vahl.): aliquem cruci, nail, Quint. 7, 1, 30; Suet. Dom. 10: corpus lacerum in crucem (al. cruce), Just. 21, 4 fin.: figit in virgine vultus, fixes, Verg. A. 12, 70: oculos solo, id. ib. 1, 482: oculos in terram, Sen. Ep. 11: in poet. transf.: oculos horrenda in virgine fixus, Verg. A. 11, 507 (cf.: defixus lumina vultu, id. ib. 6, 156; Tac. A. 3, 1): Caesar in silentium fixus, Tac. A. 6, 50 (56): obstipo capite et figentes lumine terram, Pers. 3, 80: foribus miser oscula figit, kisses, Lucr. 4, 1179: oscula dulcia, Verg. A. 1, 687: sedem Cumis, to fix his abode, Juv. 3, 2: domos, Tac. A. 13, 54.—B. Transf., to fix by piercing through, to transfix, pierce (cf. configo, II.):
hunc intorto figit telo, Verg. A. 10, 382: hunc jaculo acuto, Ov. M. 10, 131: hostes telis, Auct. B. Alex. 30 fin.: fixisse puellas gestit (Cupido), Tib. 2, 1, 71: cervos, Verg. E. 2, 29: dammas, id. G. 1, 308; id. A. 5, 515; Sil. 1, 305: cutem (clavi), Sen. Prov. 3: olli per galeam fixo stetit hasta cerebro, Verg. A. 12, 537: aprum, Juv. 1, 23: figar a sagitta, Ov. H. 16, 278: vulnus, to inflict, Mart. 1, 61, 4.II. Trop.
A. To fix, fasten, direct.
1. With in and abl.: ego omnia mea studia, omnem operam, curam, industriam, cogitationem, mentem denique omnem in Milonis consulatu fixi et locavi, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 3.—
3. In other constructions:
beneficium, quemadmodum dicitur, trabali clavo, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53: nostras intra te fige querelas, Juv. 9, 94: penitus hoc se malum fixit, Sen. Tranq. 15: nequitiae fige modum tuae, Hor. C. 3, 15, 2. — B. (Acc. to I. B.) Of speech, to sting; taunt, rally a person:
aliquem maledictis, Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 93: adversarios, id. Or. 26, 89.—Hence, fixus, a, um, P. a., fixed, fast, immovable. A. Lit. (very rare):
illud maneat et fixum sit, Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 25: inque tuis nunc Fixa pedum pono pressis vestigia signis, i. e. firmly fixed in, Lucr. 3, 4; cf. in the foll.: astra, the fixed stars, Manil. 2, 35; so, flammae, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 15.— Far more freq., B. Trop.:
vestigia (integritatis) non pressa leviter, sed fixa ad memoriam illius provinciae sempiternam, Cic. Sest. 5, 13: non ita fixum, ut convelli non liceret, id. Clu. 45, 126: fixum et statutum, id. Mur., 30, 62; cf.: consilium fixum, id. Att. 6, 14, 2: animo fixum immotumque sedere, ne, etc., Verg. A, 4, 15: fixum est, with a subj.-clause, it is fixed, determined, Sil. 2, 364; 3, 114: decretum stabile, fixum, ratum, Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27; cf.: ratum, fixum, firmum, permanent, id. ib. 2, 46, 141: illud fixum in animis vestris tenetote, fixed, impressed, id. Balb. 28, 64: quae perpetuo animo meo fixa manebunt, Lepid. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 3.— Adv.: fixe, fixedly (late Lat.): ubi tenacius habitabit et fixius, Aug. Ep. 6 fin.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
fīgō fīxī, fīxus, ere
FIG-, to fix, fasten, drive, thrust in, attach, affix, post, erect, set up : mucrones in cive: clavum, L.: leges in Capitolio: fixit leges pretio atque refixit, V.: quam crucem servis fixeras, erected : domos, build , Ta.: feracīs plantas humo, set , V.: Clavos verticibus, H.: veribus trementia (frusta), fix on spits , V.: mucronem tempore, O.: virus in venas per volnera, injects : vestigia, plants , V.: arma ad postem Herculis, H.: clipeum postibus, V.: spolia fixa domi habere, L.: luteum opus celsā sub trabe, O.: sedem Cumis, to fix his abode , Iu.: in virgine voltūs, fixes , V.: fixae cibo pupulae, H.: oscula dulcia, V.— To pierce through, transfix, pierce : hunc Intorto telo, V.: Olli fixo stetit hasta cerebro, V.: aprum, Iu.: Figar a sagittā, O.—Fig., to fix, fasten, direct, set : alqd animo: nostras intra te fige querelas, Iu.: nequitiae fige modum tuae, H.: mentem omnem in Milonis consulatu: mea dicta, take to heart , V.— To sting, taunt, rally : alqm maledictis.
Origins
Back-formation from the perfect stem fīx- under the influence of such as stringō, replacing earlier fīvō, the supine stem fīx- was also later taken from the perfect stem, replacing earlier fīct-; from Proto-Italic *feigʷō, from earlier *θeigʷō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéygʷeti, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (“to stick, set up”). Cognates include English ditch, West Frisian dyk (“dam”), Dutch dijk, German Deich (“dike”) and Teich (“pond”) (all from Proto-Germanic *dīkaz), Lithuanian diegti (“to prick; plant”), dýgsti (“to geminate, grow”). Not to be confused with the probably-unrelated Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”) (the latter whence Latin fingō (“idem”), Sanskrit देहि (dehi-, “wall”) and देह (deha, “body”)).
Italo-Romance
- Italianfiggere
- Italianfissare
- Sicilianfissari
Ibero-Romance
- Portuguesefitarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese fitar
- Galicianfitarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese fitar
Elsewhere
- Italianaffittarefrom Medieval Latin affictāre
- Asturianafitarfrom Medieval Latin affictāre
Balkano-Romance
- Aromanianhig
- Aromanianhigu