verbthird conjugation
dēfīgō
dēfīgō (present infinitive dēfīgere, perfect active dēfīxī, supine dēfīxum)
Classical[deːˈfiː.ɡoː]Ecclesiastical[deˈfiː.ɡo]
Meaning
- to stick, thrust, or plunge (a weapon)
Quae quidem quibus abs tē initiāta sacrīs ac dēvōta sit, nesciō, quod eam necesse putās esse in cōnsulis corpore dēfīgere.
Indeed, by what rites this [dagger] has been consecrated and devoted by you, I do not know, because you think it is necessary to plunge it into the body of a consul.63 BCE, Cicero, In Catilinam orationes 1.16 - to fix, plant or embed
- to attach or fasten, affix
- to bewitch or enchant (by sticking pins in a model)
- to focus (eyes or thoughts)
- to dumbfound or astonish, stupefy
- to fix with a glance
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
firmē in flūmen pōnit et pellitfix firmly, drive in
dēfīgō -ere, -fīxus — in De Bello Gallico II, ch. 15
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīgō | dēfīgēbam | dēfīgam | dēfīxī | dēfīxeram | dēfīxerō |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīgis | dēfīgēbās | dēfīgēs | dēfīxistī | dēfīxerās | dēfīxeris |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīgit | dēfīgēbat | dēfīget | dēfīxit | dēfīxerat | dēfīxerit |
| 1st pl. | dēfīgimus | dēfīgēbāmus | dēfīgēmus | dēfīximus | dēfīxerāmus | dēfīxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīgitis | dēfīgēbātis | dēfīgētis | dēfīxistis | dēfīxerātis | dēfīxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīgunt | dēfīgēbant | dēfīgent | dēfīxērunt dēfīxēre | dēfīxerant | dēfīxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīgam | dēfīgerem | dēfīxerim | dēfīxissem |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīgās | dēfīgerēs | dēfīxerīs | dēfīxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīgat | dēfīgeret | dēfīxerit | dēfīxisset |
| 1st pl. | dēfīgāmus | dēfīgerēmus | dēfīxerīmus | dēfīxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīgātis | dēfīgerētis | dēfīxerītis | dēfīxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīgant | dēfīgerent | dēfīxerint | dēfīxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīgor | dēfīgēbar | dēfīgar |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīgeris dēfīgere | dēfīgēbāris dēfīgēbāre | dēfīgēris dēfīgēre |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīgitur | dēfīgēbātur | dēfīgētur |
| 1st pl. | dēfīgimur | dēfīgēbāmur | dēfīgēmur |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīgiminī | dēfīgēbāminī | dēfīgēminī |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīguntur | dēfīgēbantur | dēfīgentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | dēfīgar | dēfīgerer |
| 2nd sg. | dēfīgāris dēfīgāre | dēfīgerēris dēfīgerēre |
| 3rd sg. | dēfīgātur | dēfīgerētur |
| 1st pl. | dēfīgāmur | dēfīgerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | dēfīgāminī | dēfīgerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | dēfīgantur | dēfīgerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | dēfīge | dēfīgere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | dēfīgite | dēfīgiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | dēfīgitō | dēfīgitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | dēfīgitō | dēfīgitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | dēfīgitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | dēfīguntō | dēfīguntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | dēfīgere | dēfīgī |
| perfect infinitive | dēfīxisse | dēfīxum esse |
| future infinitive | dēfīxūrum esse | dēfīxum īrī |
| present participle | dēfīgēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | dēfīxus dēfīxa, dēfīxā, dēfīxae, dēfīxam, dēfīxārum, dēfīxās, dēfīxe, dēfīxīs, dēfīxō, dēfīxōrum, dēfīxōs |
| future participle | dēfīxūrus dēfīxūra, dēfīxūrā, dēfīxūrae, dēfīxūram, dēfīxūrārum, dēfīxūrās, dēfīxūre, dēfīxūrī, dēfīxūrīs, dēfīxūrō, dēfīxūrōrum, dēfīxūrōs, dēfīxūrum | dēfīgendus dēfīgundus, dēfīgenda, dēfīgendā, dēfīgendae, dēfīgendam, dēfīgendārum, dēfīgendās, dēfīgende, dēfīgendīs, dēfīgendōrum, dēfīgendōs |
gerunddēfīgendī, dēfīgendō, dēfīgendumsupinedēfīxum, dēfīxū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- in cogitatione defixum esse
- to be deep in thought.
- mentem in aliqua re defigere
- to fix all one's thoughts on an object.
- sicam, cultrum in corde alicuius defigere (Liv. 1. 58)
- to plunge a dagger, knife in some one's heart.
- omnes curas in rei publicae salute defigere (Phil. 14. 5. 13)
- to devote one's every thought to the state's welfare.
dē-fīgo, xi, xum, 3,
I. v. a., to fasten down or in; and with especial reference to the terminus, to drive, fix, or fasten into (class.). —
I. Lit.: in campo Martio crucem ad civium supplicium defigi et constitui jubes, Cic. Rab. perd. 4; so,
tigna machinationibus immissa in flumen, Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 4: sudes sub aqua, id. ib. 5, 18, 3: asseres in terra defigebantur, id. B. C. 2, 2; Liv. 44, 5: verutum in balteo, Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 7: sicam in consulis corpore, to thrust, Cic. Cat. 1, 6; cf.: cultrum in corde, Liv. 1, 58 fin.: tellure hastas, Verg. A. 12, 130; cf. id. ib. 6, 652: gladium superne jugulo, Liv. 1, 25; cf. Ov. M. 13, 436 al.: cruci defiguntur, Varr. ap. Non. 221, 13: arborem penitus terrae, Verg. G. 2, 290: te hodie, si prehendero, defigam in terram colaphis, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 22 (for which, shortly after, cruci affigere): morsus in aurem, Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 34: clavum percussum malleo in cerebrum, Vulg. Judic. 4, 21; Eccles. 12, 11. —B. Meton. (Causa pro effectu.) To fix, fasten, render immovable (rare):
defixa caelo sidera, Hor. Epod. 17, 5; cf. Ov. M. 11, 76: defixere aciem in his vestigiis, have fixed them motionless, Tac. Agr. 34; cf.: defixi et Neronem intuentes, id. A. 13, 16: sedeo defixus, Plin. Ep. 9, 34, 1: me defixum in ora, etc., Prop. 1, 8, 15.—C. Esp. in phrase, manus defigere, to strike hands, i. e., to close a contract as surety, to pledge one's person, Vulg. Prov. 6, 1; 22, 26.—
II. Trop.
A. In gen., to fix, fasten; to turn intently in any direction:
virtus est una altissimis defixa radicibus, Cic. Phil. 4, 5: oculos in vultu regis, Curt. 7, 8: iratos oculos in te, Ov. Am. 2, 18, 15: in alicujus possessiones oculos defigere, Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 10: oculos defigere in terram, Quint. 11, 3, 158; Curt. 9, 3.—Absol.: oculos, to let fall, cast down, Tac. A. 3, 1: Aeneas defixus lumina, Verg. A. 6, 156: animos in ea, quae perspicua sunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 15: disputare non vaganti oratione, sed defixa in una republica, id. Rep. 1, 11; cf.: in eo mentem orationemque defigit, id. de Or. 3, 8, 31: omnes suas curas in reip. salute, id. Phil. 14, 5, 13; Cic. Verr. 1, 3; cf. id. Prov. Cons. 4, 8.—B. In partic.
1. To strike motionless, sc. with astonishment, etc.; to stupefy, astound, astonish (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):
utraque simul objecta res oculis animisque immobiles parumper eos defixit, Liv. 21, 33; so, aliquem, id. 3, 47; 6, 40 al.: silentium triste ita defixit omnium animos, ut, etc., Liv. 1, 29.—In the part. perf.: dum stupet obtutuque haeret defixus in uno, Verg. A. 1, 495; 6, 156; 7, 249; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 14; Liv. 8, 7; Tac. A. 1, 68; 13, 5 et saep.—2. Religious t. t. *
a. To declare fixedly, firmly, unalterably:
QVAE AVGVR VITIOSA, DIRA DEFIXERIT, IRRITA SVNTO, Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.—b. (Because, in making imprecations, the waxen image of him for whom destruction was to be prepared, or his name written in wax, was stuck through with a needle; cf. Ov. H. 6, 91 sq., and Voss upon Verg. E. 8, 80.) To bewitch, enchant; to curse any thing:
caput alicujus dira imprecatione, Sen. Ben. 6, 35: defigi imprecationibus, Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 19: nomina cerā, Ov. Am. 3, 7, 29; cf.: DEFIXA NOMINA, Inscr. Orell. 3726: regis animum Iolchiacis votis, Verg. Cir. 376.—3. To censure, reprove a thing:
culpam, Pers. 5, 16.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
dē-fīgō fīxī, fīxus, ere,
to fasten, fix, set, drive, set up, plant: crucem ad civium supplicium defigi iubes: sudes sub aquā, Cs.: asseres in terrā defigebantur, Cs.: sicam in corpore: cultrum in corde, L.: telluri hastas, V.: terrae defigitur arbos, V.—To fix, fasten, render immovable: defixa caelo sidera, H.: aciem in his vestigiis, Ta.: defixa relinquit aratra, at rest, V. — Fig., to fix, fasten, centre: alqd in mentibus vestris: omnia rei p. subsidia in hoc iudicio defixa.—To turn intently, fix, direct: in cuius possessiones oculos: Aeneas defixus lumina, V.: in eo mentem: curas in rei p. salute: Libyae defixit lumina regnis, V.: defixi ora tenebant, in rapt attention, V.—To strike motionless, stupefy, astound, astonish: omnīs admi ratione, L.: omnium animos, L.: silentio defixi, L.: ob metum defixus, Ta.: Defixis oculis torpet, H. — To declare unalterably: quae augur vitiosa defixerit.—To bewitch, enchant: nomina cerā, O.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*de
- Proto-Indo-European*déh₁
- Proto-Italic*dē
- Latindēfīgō
Latin dē- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ-der. Proto-Italic *feigʷō Latin fīvō Latin fīgō Latin dēfīgō From dē- + fīgō.