verbfourth conjugation
circumveniō
circumveniō (present infinitive circumvenīre, perfect active circumvēnī, supine circumventum)
Classical[kɪr.kʊmˈwɛ.ni.oː]Ecclesiastical[t͡ʃir.kumˈvɛː.ni.o]
circumventus perf. pass. ptcp.
Meaning
- to surround
- to beset, oppress, distress, overthrow
- to circumvent, deceive, cheat, trick
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
to surround
circumveniō -īre — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 6
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Fallere · Frustrari · Decipere · Circumvenire · Fraudare · Imponere
Fallere, frustrari, and imponere, mean to deceive, and effect an exchange of truth for falsehood, σφάλλειν; the fallens (σφάλλων) deceives by erroneous views; the frustrans (from ψύθος), by false hopes; the imponens, by practising on the credulity of another. Decipere and circumvenire mean to outwit, and obtain an unfair advantage, ἀπατᾶν; the decipiens, by a suddenly executed; the circumveniens, by an artfully laid plot. Fraudare (ψεύδειν) means to cheat, or injure and rob anybody by an abuse of his confidence. (v. 357.)
Conjugation conjugation 4
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumveniō | circumveniēbam | circumveniam | circumvēnī | circumvēneram | circumvēnerō |
| 2nd sg. | circumvenīs | circumveniēbās | circumveniēs | circumvēnistī | circumvēnerās | circumvēneris |
| 3rd sg. | circumvenit | circumveniēbat | circumveniet | circumvēnit | circumvēnerat | circumvēnerit |
| 1st pl. | circumvenīmus | circumveniēbāmus | circumveniēmus | circumvēnimus | circumvēnerāmus | circumvēnerimus |
| 2nd pl. | circumvenītis | circumveniēbātis | circumveniētis | circumvēnistis | circumvēnerātis | circumvēneritis |
| 3rd pl. | circumveniunt | circumveniēbant | circumvenient | circumvēnērunt circumvēnēre | circumvēnerant | circumvēnerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumveniam | circumvenīrem | circumvēnerim | circumvēnissem |
| 2nd sg. | circumveniās | circumvenīrēs | circumvēnerīs | circumvēnissēs |
| 3rd sg. | circumveniat | circumvenīret | circumvēnerit | circumvēnisset |
| 1st pl. | circumveniāmus | circumvenīrēmus | circumvēnerīmus | circumvēnissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | circumveniātis | circumvenīrētis | circumvēnerītis | circumvēnissētis |
| 3rd pl. | circumveniant | circumvenīrent | circumvēnerint | circumvēnissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumvenior | circumveniēbar | circumveniar |
| 2nd sg. | circumvenīris circumvenīre | circumveniēbāris circumveniēbāre | circumveniēris circumveniēre |
| 3rd sg. | circumvenītur | circumveniēbātur | circumveniētur |
| 1st pl. | circumvenīmur | circumveniēbāmur | circumveniēmur |
| 2nd pl. | circumvenīminī | circumveniēbāminī | circumveniēminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumveniuntur | circumveniēbantur | circumvenientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumveniar | circumvenīrer |
| 2nd sg. | circumveniāris circumveniāre | circumvenīrēris circumvenīrēre |
| 3rd sg. | circumveniātur | circumvenīrētur |
| 1st pl. | circumveniāmur | circumvenīrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | circumveniāminī | circumvenīrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumveniantur | circumvenīrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | circumvenī | circumvenīre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | circumvenīte | circumvenīminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | circumvenītō | circumvenītor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | circumvenītō | circumvenītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | circumvenītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | circumveniuntō | circumveniuntor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | circumvenīre | circumvenīrī |
| perfect infinitive | circumvēnisse | circumventum esse |
| future infinitive | circumventūrum esse | circumventum īrī |
| present participle | circumveniēns circumveniente, circumvenientem, circumvenientēs, circumvenientī, circumvenientia, circumvenientibus, circumvenientis, circumvenientīs, circumvenientium | — |
| perfect participle | — | circumventus circumventa, circumventā, circumventae, circumventam, circumventārum, circumventās, circumvente, circumventī, circumventīs, circumventō, circumventōrum, circumventōs |
| future participle | circumventūrus circumventūra, circumventūrā, circumventūrae, circumventūram, circumventūrārum, circumventūrās, circumventūre, circumventūrī, circumventūrīs, circumventūrō, circumventūrōrum, circumventūrōs, circumventūrum | circumveniendus circumveniundus |
gerundcircumveniendī, circumveniendō, circumveniendumsupinecircumventum, circumventū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- circumvenire vigilias (Sall. Iug. 45. 2)
- to make the round of the sentries.
- circumvenire hostem aversum or a tergo (B. G. 2. 26)
- to surround the enemy from the rear.
circum-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4, v. a., lit.,
I. to come around something; hence (the coming being considered as accomplished; cf. advenio and adventus, II.).
I. Lit.
A. In gen., to be around (a thing), to encircle, encompass, surround (rare):
quibus succensis circumventi flammā exanimantur homines, Caes. B. G. 6, 16; cf.: donec ignium jactu circumveniretur, Tac. A. 15, 11; 15, 38: illum frequentia ingens circumvenit cum plausu, Petr. 92, 8: Cocytos sinu labens circumvenit atro, * Verg. A. 6, 132: omnium operum magnitudinem circumveniunt cavernae ingentes, Curt. 5, 1, 28: Rhenus insulas circumveniens, flowing around, Tac. A. 2, 6: planities locis paulo superioribus circumventa, Sall. J. 68, 2: rami, quos comprehensos manus possit circumvenire, to grasp, Col. 5, 9, 2; cf. id. 4, 29, 10; Val. Fl. 1, 400; Petr. 114: singulas urbes, to go around from one city to another, Sall. J. 88, 4 Dietsch.—Far more freq. (esp. in the histt.), B. Specif., to surround in a hostile manner, to encompass, beset, invest:
ex itinere nostros latere aperto aggressi circumvenere, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: ne per insidias ab eo circumveniretur, id. ib. 1, 42: consulem, Nep. Hann. 4, 3: aciem. Curt. 5, 13, 30: montem opere, Caes. B. C. 3, 97: multos ab tergo, Sall. J. 97, 5: cuncta moenia exercitu, id. ib. 57, 2; cf. id. ib. 76, 2: legio circumventa, Liv. 10, 26, 9; cf. id. 10, 2, 11, ; Tac. A. 3, 74: armis regiam, id. ib. 12, 50 fin.; cf. id. ib. 1, 25; 12, 16: cerva circumventa lupis, Stat. Th. 5, 165: hostili custodiā, Sen. Ep. 9, 6.—II. Trop.
A. To encompass, beset, oppress, distress, afflict, overthrow: circumventus morbo, exilio atque inopiā, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 58, 218; cf. id. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (Trag. v. 42 Vahl.);
Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 46: quasi committeret contra legem, quo quis judicio circumveniretur, Cic. Brut. 12, 48; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 41, 98; Quint. 5, 13, 32; 6, 2, 31: aliquem per arbitrum circumvenire, i. e. to lay hold of, Cic. Rosc. Com. 9, 25: jam te non Siculi, non aratores circumveniunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 93: te a Siciliae civitatibus circumveniri atque opprimi dicis? id. ib. 2, 4, 8, § 17: potentis alicujus opibus circumveniri urgerique, id. Off. 2, 14, 51: ut neque tenuiores proper humilitatem circumveniantur, id. ib. 2, 24, 85; so, falsis criminibus, Sall. C. 34, 2: omnibus necessitudinibus, id. ib. 21, 3; cf. Tac. A. 1, 13: his difficultatibus, Sall. J. 7, 1: odio accolarum, simul domesticis discordiis, Tac. A. 12, 29: securitate pacis et belli malo, id. H. 2, 12: testimonio, id. ib. 4, 10: multa senem circumveniunt incommoda, * Hor. A. P. 169.—B. (Cf. circumeo, II. B.) To circumvent, deceive, cheat, defraud one (syn.:
decipio, fraudo, fallo): circumventum esse innocentem pecuniā, Cic. Clu. 29, 79: an placeret, fenore circumventa plebs, Liv. 6, 36, 12: ignorantiam alicujus, Dig. 17, 1, 29: aliquem falso testimonio, ib. 42, 1, 33: non sine calliditate circumventus, ib. 43, 28, 3; cf. ib. 23, 3, 12.—2. In the jurists, to evade, to violate by evading:
leges, Dig. 30, 123, § 1; 1, 3, 29: voluntatem defuncti, ib. 29, 4, 4: orationem, ib. 2, 15, 8; 1, 3, 29.—C. To obtain possession of, to grasp:
omne stagnum, Plin. Pan. 50, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
circum-veniō vēnī, ventus, īre,
to come around, be around, encircle, encompass, surround: circumventi flammā, Cs.: Cocytos circumvenit, V.: planities locis paulo superioribus circumventa, S.: singulas urbīs, to go from city to city, S.—To surround, encompass, beset, invest: nostros, Cs.: consulem, N.: insontīs, S.: legio circumventa, L.— Fig., to encompass, beset, oppress, distress, afflict, overthrow: circumventus morbo te: aliquem per arbitrum, i. e. to lay hold of: potentis alicuius opibus circumveniri: falsis criminibus, S.: ab inimicis, S.: senem circumveniunt incommoda, H.—To deceive, cheat, defraud: circumventus pecuniā: per insidias ab eo circumveni, betrayed into an ambush, Cs.: fenore circumventa plebs, L.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor. Latin circus Latin circum Latin circum- Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti Proto-Italic *gʷəniō Latin veniō Latin circumveniō From circum- (“around”) + veniō (“come”).
Descendants
- Englishcircumvent
- Frenchcirconvenir
- Italiancirconvenire
- Spanishcircunvenir
In English words that came into English from circumveniō
- circumventcircumveniō
- circumventioncircumventio