verbfirst conjugation
circumsonō
circumsonō (present infinitive circumsonāre, perfect active circumsonuī, supine circumsonātum)
Classical[kɪrˈkũː.sɔ.noː]Ecclesiastical[t͡ʃirˈkum.so.no]
Meaning
- intransitiveto sound, reecho or resound with something on every side; to be filled with a sound
- intransitiveto resound, reecho
- transitiveto surround something with a sound, make something echo or resound, fill everywhere with a sound
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumsonō | circumsonābam | circumsonābō | circumsonuī | circumsonueram | circumsonuerō circumsonārō |
| 2nd sg. | circumsonās | circumsonābās | circumsonābis | circumsonuistī circumsonāstī | circumsonuerās circumsonārās | circumsonueris |
| 3rd sg. | circumsonat | circumsonābat | circumsonābit | circumsonuit | circumsonuerat circumsonārat | circumsonuerit circumsonārit |
| 1st pl. | circumsonāmus | circumsonābāmus | circumsonābimus | circumsonuimus | circumsonuerāmus | circumsonuerimus circumsonārimus |
| 2nd pl. | circumsonātis | circumsonābātis | circumsonābitis | circumsonuistis circumsonāstis | circumsonuerātis circumsonārātis | circumsonueritis circumsonāritis |
| 3rd pl. | circumsonant | circumsonābant | circumsonābunt | circumsonuērunt circumsonuēre, circumsonārunt | circumsonuerant circumsonārant | circumsonuerint circumsonārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumsonem | circumsonārem | circumsonuerim circumsonārim | circumsonuissem circumsonāssem |
| 2nd sg. | circumsonēs | circumsonārēs | circumsonuerīs | circumsonuissēs circumsonāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | circumsonet | circumsonāret | circumsonuerit circumsonārit | circumsonuisset circumsonāsset |
| 1st pl. | circumsonēmus | circumsonārēmus | circumsonuerīmus circumsonārīmus | circumsonuissēmus circumsonāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | circumsonētis | circumsonārētis | circumsonuerītis circumsonārītis | circumsonuissētis circumsonāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | circumsonent | circumsonārent | circumsonuerint circumsonārint | circumsonuissent circumsonāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumsonor | circumsonābar | circumsonābor |
| 2nd sg. | circumsonāris circumsonāre | circumsonābāris circumsonābāre | circumsonāberis circumsonābere |
| 3rd sg. | circumsonātur | circumsonābātur | circumsonābitur |
| 1st pl. | circumsonāmur | circumsonābāmur | circumsonābimur |
| 2nd pl. | circumsonāminī | circumsonābāminī | circumsonābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumsonantur | circumsonābantur | circumsonābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumsoner | circumsonārer |
| 2nd sg. | circumsonēris circumsonēre | circumsonārēris circumsonārēre |
| 3rd sg. | circumsonētur | circumsonārētur |
| 1st pl. | circumsonēmur | circumsonārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | circumsonēminī | circumsonārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumsonentur | circumsonārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | circumsonā | circumsonāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | circumsonāte | circumsonāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | circumsonātō | circumsonātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | circumsonātō | circumsonātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | circumsonātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | circumsonantō | circumsonantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | circumsonāre | circumsonārī |
| perfect infinitive | circumsonuisse circumsonāsse, circumsonāvisse | circumsonātum esse |
| future infinitive | circumsonātūrum esse | circumsonātum īrī |
| present participle | circumsonāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | circumsonātus circumsonāta, circumsonātā, circumsonātae, circumsonātam, circumsonātārum, circumsonātās, circumsonātī, circumsonātōrum, circumsonātōs |
| future participle | circumsonātūrus circumsonātūra, circumsonātūrā, circumsonātūrae, circumsonātūram, circumsonātūrārum, circumsonātūrās, circumsonātūre, circumsonātūrī, circumsonātūrīs, circumsonātūrō, circumsonātūrōrum, circumsonātūrōs, circumsonātūrum | circumsonandus circumsonanda, circumsonandā, circumsonandae, circumsonandam, circumsonandārum, circumsonandās, circumsonande, circumsonandīs, circumsonandōrum, circumsonandōs |
gerundcircumsonandī, circumsonandō, circumsonandumsupinecircumsonātum, circumsonātū
circum-sŏno, āre, v. n. and a.
I. (rare but class.).
I. Neutr., to sound, resound (with something) on every side, to be filled with any sound:
locus, qui circumsonat ululatibus cantuque symphoniae, Liv. 39, 10, 7; 27, 18, 16; Vitr. 5, 8, 1; Manil. 5, 582. —B. Of the sound itself, to resound:
dux theatri sui audiens plausum, in modum planctus, circumsonare, Flor. 4, 2, 45.—II. Act.
A. To surround a thing with a sound, to make something to echo or resound, to fill everywhere with a sound:
aures vocibus undique, Cic. Off. 3, 2, 5 (cf. id. Fam. 6, 18, 4, and Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 7, personare aurem): clamor hostes circumsonat, Liv. 3, 28, 3: Rutulus murum circumsonat armis, Verg. A. 8, 474; cf.: quā totum Nereus circumsonat orbem, Ov. M. 1, 187 Haupt (al. circumsonat): me luxuria undique circumsonuit, Sen. Tranq. 1, 9.—(b). Pass.:
Threicio Scythioque fere circumsonor ore, Ov. Tr. 3, 13, 47; 4, 10, 111: nunc procul a patriā Geticis circumsonor armis, id. ib. 5, 3, 11.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
circum-sonō —, —, āre,
to sound, resound on every side: locus circumsonat ululatibus, is filled, L.: ad circumsonans clamor, L. — To surround with sound, make to resound, fill with sound: aurīs vocibus undique: clamor hostes circumsonat, L.: murum armis, V.: Scythio circumsonor ore, O.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor. Latin circus Latin circum Latin circum- Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Proto-Indo-European *swonh₂éyeti Proto-Italic *swonaō Latin sonō Latin circumsonō From circum- + sonō (“sound, resound”).