verbfirst conjugation
lavō
lavō (present infinitive lavāre, perfect active lāvī, supine lavātum or lōtum or lautum)
Classical[ˈɫa.woː]Ecclesiastical[ˈlaː.vo]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to wash, bathe
- to wet, moisten
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
aquā pūrum faciō; corpus in balneō lavāmus.lavō -āre lāvī — in Mille Verba, ch. Lūdī et Ōtium
mundus, magnificuslautus -a -um — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 14
aquā pūrgōlavō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 2, 13
wash
lavō -āre — in De Bello Gallico II
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | lavō | lavābam | lavābō | lāvī | lāveram lāvāram | lāverō lavārō |
| 2nd sg. | lavās | lavābās | lavābis | lāvistī lavāstī | lāverās lavārās | lāveris |
| 3rd sg. | lavat | lavābat | lavābit | lāvit | lāverat lavārat | lāverit lavārit |
| 1st pl. | lavāmus | lavābāmus | lavābimus | lāvimus | lāverāmus | lāverimus lavārimus |
| 2nd pl. | lavātis | lavābātis | lavābitis | lāvistis lavāstis | lāverātis lavārātis | lāveritis lavāritis |
| 3rd pl. | lavant | lavābant | lavābunt | lāvērunt lāvēre, lavārunt | lāverant lavārant | lāverint lavārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | lavem | lavārem | lāverim lavārim | lāvissem lavāssem |
| 2nd sg. | lavēs | lavārēs | lāverīs | lāvissēs lavāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | lavet | lavāret | lāverit lavārit | lāvisset lavāsset |
| 1st pl. | lavēmus | lavārēmus | lāverīmus lavārīmus | lāvissēmus lavāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | lavētis | lavārētis | lāverītis lavārītis | lāvissētis lavāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | lavent | lavārent | lāverint lavārint | lāvissent lavāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | lavor | lavābar | lavābor |
| 2nd sg. | lavāris lavāre | lavābāris lavābāre | lavāberis lavābere |
| 3rd sg. | lavātur | lavābātur | lavābitur |
| 1st pl. | lavāmur | lavābāmur | lavābimur |
| 2nd pl. | lavāminī | lavābāminī | lavābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | lavantur | lavābantur | lavābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | laver | lavārer |
| 2nd sg. | lavēris lavēre | lavārēris lavārēre |
| 3rd sg. | lavētur | lavārētur |
| 1st pl. | lavēmur | lavārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | lavēminī | lavārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | laventur | lavārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | lavā | lavāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | lavāte | lavāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | lavātō | lavātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | lavātō | lavātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | lavātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | lavantō | lavantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | lavāre | lavārī |
| perfect infinitive | lāvisse lavāsse | lavātum esse lōtum esse, lautum esse |
| future infinitive | lavātūrum esse lōtūrum esse, lautūrum esse | lavātum īrī lōtum īrī, lautum īrī |
| present participle | lavāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | lavātus lōtus, lautus, lavāta, lavātā, lavātae, lavātam, lavātārum, lavātās, lavātī, lavātōrum, lavātōs, lauta, lautā, lautae, lautam, lautārum, lautās, laute, lautī, lautīs, lautō, lautōrum, lautōs, lōta, lōtā, lōtae, lōtam, lōtārum, lōtās, lōte, lōtī, lōtīs, lōtō, lōtōrum, lōtōs |
| future participle | lavātūrus lōtūrus, lautūrus, lavātūra, lavātūrā, lavātūrae, lavātūram, lavātūrārum, lavātūrās, lavātūre, lavātūrī, lavātūrīs, lavātūrō, lavātūrōrum, lavātūrōs, lavātūrum, lautūra, lautūrā, lautūrae, lautūram, lautūrārum, lautūrās, lautūre, lautūrī, lautūrīs, lautūrō, lautūrōrum, lautūrōs, lautūrum, lōtūra, lōtūrā, lōtūrae, lōtūram, lōtūrārum, lōtūrās, lōtūre, lōtūrī, lōtūrīs, lōtūrō, lōtūrōrum, lōtūrōs, lōtūrum | lavandus lavanda, lavandā, lavandae, lavandam, lavandārum, lavandās, lavande, lavandīs, lavandōrum, lavandōs |
gerundlavandī, lavandō, lavandumsupinelavātum, lavātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- laute vivere (Nep. Chab. 3. 2)
- to live well.
- frigidā, calidā lavari (Plin. Ep. 3. 5. 11)
- to take a cold, warm, bath.
- accipere aliquem (bene, copiose, laute, eleganter, regio apparatu, apparatis epulis)
- to entertain, regale a person.
lăvo, lāvi, lautum, lăvātum and lōtum (in class. prose,
I. perf. lāvi; sup. always lavātum; perf. part. lautus; the other forms of the first conj. Also, pres. lavĕre; second pers. lavis, ante-class. and poet.; cf. Diom. 1, p. 377; v. Neue, Formenl. second ed. 2, p. 420), 1 and 3, v. a. and n. Gr. λυ- in λύθρον; strengthened in λούω, λοῦτρον; cf. λόϝετρον; Lat. luo (pol-luo, etc.), diluvium, lutus, to wash, bathe, lave.
I. Lit.:
si inquinata erit lavito, Cato, R. R. 65: puerum, Enn. ap. Non. 504, 17; Plaut. Truc. 5, 10: manus lavite, Titin. ib. 22: manus lava, Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 246: cum jam manus pransores lavarent, Veran. ap. Macrob. S. 3, 6, 14.—Mid.: cum soceris generi non lavantur, do not bathe themselves or bathe, id. Off. 1, 35, 129: lavantur in fluminibus, Caes. B. G. 4, 1: cur te lautum voluit occidere? Cic. Deiot. 7, 20: lautis manibus, Hor. S. 2, 3, 282: lotis pedibus, Plin. 24, 11, 62, § 103: vestimenta lota, Petr. 30 fin.: qui it lavatum in balineas, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 51; so, eo lavatum, id. Aul. 3, 6, 43; id. Stich. 4, 1, 62; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 44; 52; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 42: (venias) vasa lautum, non ad cenam dico, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 15.—(b). Neutr.:
pisces ego credo, qui usque dum vivunt, lavant, Minus diu lavere, quam haec lavat Phronesium, Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 1 sqq.: illa si jam laverit, mihi nuncia, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 5: lavanti regi dicitur nuntiatum, hostes adesse, Liv. 44, 6.—B. Transf., to wet, moisten, bedew:
eas (tabellas) lacrimis lavis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 8: si ... neque quicquam captumst piscium, salsi lautique pure domum redimus clanculum, soaked, id. Rud. 2, 1, 12; Lucr. 5, 950: lacrimis vultum lavere profusis, Ov. M. 9, 680; Luc. 6, 709; esp. of bloodshed: lavit ater corpora sanguis, Verg. G. 3, 221: lavit improba teter Ora cruor, id. A. 10, 727: sanguine largo Colla, id. ib. 12, 722: arma cerebro, Val. Fl. 4, 153: his (rivis) nunc illa viridia, nunc haec, interdum simul omnia lavantur, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 40; cf. of rivers: flavus quam Tiberis lavat, Hor. C. 2, 3, 18; id. Epod. 16, 28; of the ocean: quas Oceani refluum mare lavit arenas, Ov. M. 7, 267.— II. Trop., to wash away:
venias nunc precibus lautum peccatum tuum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 80: dulci Mala vino lavere, Hor. C. 3, 12, 2.—Hence, lautus, a, um, P. a. A. Lit., washed, bathed, laved (very rare): nam itast ingenium muliebre;
bene quom lauta tersa ornata fictast, infectast tamen, Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 4: in double meaning with C., v. infra: lautam vis an nondum lauta quae sit? Pa. Siccam, at sucidam, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 192 Lorenz ad loc.—B. Hence, transf., neat, elegant, splendid, sumptuous, luxurious: tute tibi puer es;
lautus luces cereum, i. e. in a fine dress, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 9: nihil apud hunc lautum, nihil elegans, nihil exquisitum, Cic. Pis. 27, 67: lauta supellex, id. de Or. 1, 36, 165: lautum victum et elegantem colere, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 337, 27: magnificum et lautum, id. Fam. 9, 16, 8: lautiora opera, Plin. 16, 15, 26, § 67: lauto cenare paratu, Juv. 14, 13: epulae lautiores, Stat. S. 1, 6, 32: lautissima vina, Plin. 14, 13, 15, § 92: lautissima cena, Plin. Ep. 9, 17: praetor, Juv. 14, 257: lautum et copiosum patrimonium, rich, splendid, noble, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 38: in civitate Halaesina tam lauta, tamque nobili, wealthy, id. Fam. 13, 32, 1: valde jam lautus es, qui gravere litteras ad me dare, you are now very grand, id. ib. 7, 14, 1: homines lauti et urbani, noble, distinguished, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 17: libertis minus lautis servisque nihil defuit: nam lautiores eleganter accepti, id. Att. 13, 52, 2: certumque fit ... cocos tum panem lautioribus coquere solitos, for the rich, Plin. 18, 11, 28, § 108: orborum lautissimus. Juv. 3, 221.—(b). With inf.:
rhombos libertis ponere lautus, splendid, Pers. 6, 23.—C. Trop., noble, glorious, etc.: beneficentiae et liberalitatis est ratio duplex: nam aut opera benigne fit indigentibus, aut pecunia: facilior est haec posterior, locupleti praesertim: sed illa lautior ac splendidior, nobler, more glorious, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 52:
lautum negotium, honorable, id. Att. 6, 1, 13: omnium hortensiorum lautissima cura asparagis, the most diligent, the nicest, Plin. 19, 8, 42, § 145: lautus habetur, a gentleman, Juv. 11, 1; 1, 67.—Hence, adv.: lautē, neatly, elegantly, splendidly, sumptuously. 1. Lit.:
laute exornatus, Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 10: facete, lepide, laute, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 37: vivere, Nep. Chabr. 3: res domesticas lautius tueri, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 2: lautius accipi, Suet. Calig. 55.— 2. Trop., excellently, beautifully, finely:
loquitur laute, Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 25: militem laute ludificari, id. ib. 4, 4, 25: munus administrasti tuum, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 2.—Comp.: si quis existat, qui putet nos lautius fecisse, quam orationis severitas exigat, that I have made more use of ornament, Plin. Ep. 2, 5.—Sup.: hodie me ante omnes comicos stultos senes Versaris atque emunxeris lautissime, Poët. ap. Cic. Lael. 26, 99.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
lavō lāvī, lautus or lōtus (sup. lavātum, rarely lautum), ere or āre
3 LV-, to wash, bathe, lave : illa si iam laverit, mihi nuntia, T.: lavanti regi nuntiatum, L.: lavatum dum it, T.: manūs: boves in flumine, V.: pedes aere, in a basin , H.: cum soceris generi non lavantur, bathe : lavantur in fluminibus, Cs.: Lautis manibus, H.— To bathe, wash, wet, moisten, bedew, drench : lacrimis voltum, O.: lavit corpora sanguis, V.: quam (villam) Tiberis lavit, H.: mare lavit harenas, O.—Fig., to wash away : Venias precibus lautum peccatum tuom, T.: dulci Mala vino, H.: inde cruorem, V.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *lowō, from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”). According to Schrijver, the first conjugation of the Latin verb reflects earlier *lawa-ē-, itself a stative counterpart to the base verb. However, De Vaan argues that the contraction of *-aē- should yield -ē- in Latin. Alternatively, De Vaan suggests that the Latin term was formed innovatively from the addition of the ā-suffix to the base *law-. The LIV, reconstructing a first-conjugation verb *lawāō, starts with a noun *lowh₃-éh₂, from which a denominative *lowh₃-éh₂-yeti would be made. Cognates include Ancient Greek λούω (loúō), λοέω (loéō), Albanian laj, Old Armenian լոգանամ (loganam), and Old English lēaþor (English lather). Doublet with the later back-formed luō.
Elsewhere
- Catalanllavar
- Italianlavare
- Occitanlavar
- Frenchlaverfrom Old French laver
- Romanianla
- Romanianlare
- Sardinianlabare
- Sardinianlavare
- Aromanianlau
- Aromanianlari
Iberian-Romance
- Portugueselavarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese lavar
- Spanishlavarfrom Old Spanish lavar
- Extremaduranlaval
- Aragoneselavarfrom Old Navarro-Aragonese lauar
- Asturianllavar
- Leonesellavare
- Mirandeselhabar
- Galicianlavarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese lavar
Borrowings
- Esperantolavi
- Proto-West Germanic*labōn