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“think” in Latin

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

think
To have ideas with consciousness, (1) Without an object, cogitare: intelligere: notiones rerum informare. (2) With an object, (a) T o think of anything; i. e., to imagine, conceive, aliquid cogitare: aliquid cogitatione comprehendere, percipere or complecti: aliquid mente concipere: aliquid cogitatione fingere or depingere (to form an image of anything in the mind): aliquid conjectura informare. In these parts I thought of nothing but fields and rocks, nihil in his locis nisi saxa et montes cogitabam: that cannot be thought of, id ne in cogitationem quidem cadit: think for a moment that you were in my place, eum te esse finge, qui ego sum; fac, qui ego sum, esse te: to think one’s self such or such an one, aliquem sentire, intelligere talem (Vid: Cic., Ecl., p. 141). (b) To think on anything = to meditate upon, cogitare de re; meditari rem or de re; rem versare in animo, or reputare in animo.
To believe, suppose, be of opinion, arbitrari: reri: censere: existimare: ducere: animum or in animum inducere: autumare [SYN. in BELIEVE]. “I think” (inserted parenthetically), credo: opinor (credo, like ὡς ἔοικεν, implies irony, in absurd or self-evident propositions: puto inserted without a dependent word or clause is classical, but rare; Krebs). Sometimes mea quidem opinione: ut ego existimo: ut mihi visus sum: quomodo mihi persuadeo (as I persuade or flatter myself; parenthetically, Cic., Rosc., Am., 2, 6, end).
To have in the mind, cogitare (with an infinitive); agitare animo (or secum) aliquid: I thought of going to Rome, cogitabam Romam ire (where ire may be omitted; Vid: Cic., Att., 16, 2, 4).
To remember, recordari: reminisci: meminisse [Vid: REMEMBER]: alicujus rei memoriam comprehendere: rei alicujus memoriam habere. To think no more of a thing, alicujus rei memoriam deponere; rem ex rnemoria deponere.
To consider, revolve in the mind, cogitare cum or in animo, or simply cogitare aliquid or de aliqua re: considerare in animo, cum animo, secum, or simply considerare aliquid or de aliqua re (to consider carefully): aliquid agitare mente or animo, or in mente or cum animo (to turn over in one’s mind): perpendere, pensitare aliquid (to weigh and ponder): (secum) meditare de aliqua re or aliquid (to think over, consider how anything ought to be done or to be): secum or cum animo reputare aliquid (to think over anything past or present, or of which the mind has formed a conception): apud animum proponere (to place before the mind; Sulpic. ap. Cic. ad Div., 4, 5, end): deliberare (to deliberate). Think of this one thing, hoc unum cogita: I think over many important subjects, versantur in animo meo multae et graves cogitationes: to think seriously on anything, toto pectore cogitare de re; diu multumque secum reputare aliquid; animo contemplari aliquid; intendere cogitationem in aliquid.
To be of a certain opinion, be disposed in a certain way, cogitare: sentire. To think affectionately toward anyone, amabiliter cogitare in aliquem: to think ill of anyone, male opinari de aliquo (Vid: Bremi, Suet., Caes., 51): to think one thing and say another, aliter sentire, aliter loqui; aliud clausum in pectore, aliud promtum in lingua habere (Sall., Cat., 10, 5).
To judge, judicare: sentire: (The words are found in this connection and order.) sentire et judicare: statuere. To think differently at different times on the same subject, alias aliud iisdem de rebus et sentire et judicare (Cic., De Or., 2, 7, 30): to think the same, idem sentire; idem mihi videtur: to think with anyone as he thinks, alicujus sententiam sequi: to think differently, aliter sentire; quite differently, longe dissentire; longe alia mihi mens est.
To have regard, care, consulere, prospicere alicui or alicujus rebus, rationibus: curare aliquid: rationem alicujus rei habere or ducere: respicere aliquid. To think of a person in one’s will, in testando memorem esse alicujus (after Liv., 1, 34); legare alicui aliquid in testamento (opposed to in testando immemorem esse alicujus).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for think?
The usual Latin words for “think” are cōgitō, arbitror, reor; also cēnseō, exīstimō, dūcō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.