LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbfirst conjugation

calcō

calcō (present infinitive calcāre, perfect active calcāvī, supine calcātum)
Classical[ˈkaɫ.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈkal.ko]

Meaning

  1. to trample, tread on
  2. to walk upon, cross on foot
  3. figurativelyto oppress
  4. figurativelyto scorn, contemn, despise

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Conjugation conjugation 1

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.calcōcalcābamcalcābōcalcāvīcalcāveramcalcāverō
calcārō
2nd sg.calcāscalcābāscalcābiscalcāvistī
calcāstī		calcāverās
calcārās		calcāveris
3rd sg.calcatcalcābatcalcābitcalcāvitcalcāverat
calcārat		calcāverit
calcārit
1st pl.calcāmuscalcābāmuscalcābimuscalcāvimuscalcāverāmuscalcāverimus
calcārimus
2nd pl.calcātiscalcābātiscalcābitiscalcāvistis
calcāstis		calcāverātis
calcārātis		calcāveritis
calcāritis
3rd pl.calcantcalcābantcalcābuntcalcāvērunt
calcāvēre, calcārunt		calcāverant
calcārant		calcāverint
calcārint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.calcemcalcāremcalcāverim
calcārim		calcāvissem
calcāssem
2nd sg.calcēscalcārēscalcāverīscalcāvissēs
calcāssēs
3rd sg.calcetcalcāretcalcāverit
calcārit		calcāvisset
calcāsset
1st pl.calcēmuscalcārēmuscalcāverīmus
calcārīmus		calcāvissēmus
calcāssēmus
2nd pl.calcētiscalcārētiscalcāverītis
calcārītis		calcāvissētis
calcāssētis
3rd pl.calcentcalcārentcalcāverint
calcārint		calcāvissent
calcāssent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.calcorcalcābarcalcābor
2nd sg.calcāris
calcāre		calcābāris
calcābāre		calcāberis
calcābere
3rd sg.calcāturcalcābāturcalcābitur
1st pl.calcāmurcalcābāmurcalcābimur
2nd pl.calcāminīcalcābāminīcalcābiminī
3rd pl.calcanturcalcābanturcalcābuntur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.calcercalcārer
2nd sg.calcēris
calcēre		calcārēris
calcārēre
3rd sg.calcēturcalcārētur
1st pl.calcēmurcalcārēmur
2nd pl.calcēminīcalcārēminī
3rd pl.calcenturcalcārentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.calcācalcāre
pres. 2nd pl.calcātecalcāminī
fut. 2nd sg.calcātōcalcātor
fut. 3rd sg.calcātōcalcātor
fut. 2nd pl.calcātōte—
fut. 3rd pl.calcantōcalcantor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitivecalcārecalcārī
perfect infinitivecalcāvisse
calcāsse		calcātum esse
future infinitivecalcātūrum essecalcātum īrī
present participlecalcāns—
perfect participle—calcātus
calcāta, calcātā, calcātae, calcātam, calcātārum, calcātās, calcātī, calcātōrum, calcātōs
future participlecalcātūrus
calcātūra, calcātūrā, calcātūrae, calcātūram, calcātūrārum, calcātūrās, calcātūre, calcātūrī, calcātūrīs, calcātūrō, calcātūrōrum, calcātūrōs, calcātūrum		calcandus
gerundcalcandī, calcandō, calcandumsupinecalcātum, calcātū

calco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. 1. calx,
I. to tread something or upon something, to tread under foot.
I. In gen.
A. Lit. (very freq.; mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; not in Cic.)' astructos morientum acervos, Ov. M. 5, 88; 12, 391: calcata vipera, trodden upon, id. ib. 10, 23; 12, 391; 13, 804: alius manum aeger, ut pede ac vestigio Caesaris calcaretur, orabat, Tac. H. 4, 81: cineres ossaque legionum, id. ib. 5, 17: calcata lacinia togae, Suet. Calig. 35: uvam, to tread grapes, Cato, R. R. 112 fin.; Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Ov. M. 2, 29; id. F. 4, 897; Col. 6, 15, 1.—To stamp, beat: in mortario, Apic. 2, 3: solum ferratis vectibus, Plin. 36, 23, 52, § 173.—
B. Trop.
1. To tread down, to oppress, trample upon (the figure is taken from a victorious warrior who tramples upon his prostrate opponents): amorem, Ov. Am. 3, 11, 5; cf. hostem, Juv. 10, 86: gentem, Just. 12, 16, 11: libertas nostra in foro obteritur et calcatur, Liv. 34, 2, 2: calcatum jus, Claud. in Eutr. 2, 125.—
2. To scorn, contemn, spurn, despise, abuse: insultetque rogis, calcet et ossa mea, Prop. 2, 8, 20: aliquid quasi fastidiendo calcare, Quint. 5, 13, 22: calcatum foedus, Stat. Th. 3, 208.—
II. Esp.
A. Of objects in space, to tread, pass over: calcanda semel via leti, * Hor. C. 1, 28, 16; Petr. 118, 5: scopulos, litora, Ov. H. 2, 121: durum aequor, the frozen sea, id. Tr. 3, 10, 39: campum, Claud. VI. Cons Hon. 515: calcatos lucos Jovi, frequented by, Sil. 3, 675.—
B. Of the cock, to tread, Col. 8, 5, 24.—
C. In gen., to press close together, to press in: oleas in orculam calcato, Cato, R. R. 117 fin.: tomentum in culcita, Varr. L. L. 5, § 167 Müll.; Cato, R. R. 52, 1; 28, 2; Pall. Jan. 20; Plin. 36, 23, 52, § 173; Verg. G. 2, 244.

Origins

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin calcō From calx (“heel”) + -ō.

Italo-Dalmatian
  • Italiancalcare
  • Frenchcalquerfrom Italian calcare
  • Englishcalkfrom Italian calcare
  • Englishcalquefrom Italian calcare
  • Frenchcalquefrom Italian calcare
  • Siciliancarcari
  • Venetancalcar
Insular Romance
  • Sardiniancalcare
  • Sardiniancalcai
  • Sardiniancarcare
  • Sardiniancarcài
Gallo-Romance
  • Catalancalcar
  • Frenchchaucherfrom Old French chauchier
  • Frenchcôcherfrom Old French chauchier
Balkano-Romance
  • Romaniancălca
  • Romaniancălcare
  • Aromaniancalcu
  • Aromaniancãlcari
Ibero-Romance
  • Portuguesecalcarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese calcar
  • Spanishcalcar
  • Asturiancalcar
  • Galiciancalcarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese calcar
Rhaeto-Romance
  • Friuliancjalcjâ
  • Friuliančhalčhâ
Gallo-Italic
  • Piedmontesecalché

In English words that came into English from calcō

  • inculcateinculcātus
  • cockatricecalcātrīx
  • calquecalcō
  • calkcalcō

Quick answers

What does calcō mean in Latin?
calcō, a verb, means “to trample, tread on; to walk upon, cross on foot; to oppress”.
What are the principal parts of calcō?
calcō, calcāre, calcāvī, calcātum (first conjugation).
How do you pronounce calcō?
In classical Latin, [ˈkaɫ.koː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈkal.ko].
Which English words come from calcō?
English words that go back to Latin calcō include calque, calk, inculcate and cockatrice.