verbfirst conjugation
exculcō
exculcō (present infinitive exculcāre, perfect active exculcāvī, supine exculcātum)
Classical[ɛkˈskʊɫ.koː]Ecclesiastical[ekˈskul.ko]
Meaning
- to trample
- to stamp
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exculcō | exculcābam | exculcābō | exculcāvī | exculcāveram | exculcāverō exculcārō |
| 2nd sg. | exculcās | exculcābās | exculcābis | exculcāvistī exculcāstī | exculcāverās exculcārās | exculcāveris |
| 3rd sg. | exculcat | exculcābat | exculcābit | exculcāvit | exculcāverat exculcārat | exculcāverit exculcārit |
| 1st pl. | exculcāmus | exculcābāmus | exculcābimus | exculcāvimus | exculcāverāmus | exculcāverimus exculcārimus |
| 2nd pl. | exculcātis | exculcābātis | exculcābitis | exculcāvistis exculcāstis | exculcāverātis exculcārātis | exculcāveritis exculcāritis |
| 3rd pl. | exculcant | exculcābant | exculcābunt | exculcāvērunt exculcāvēre, exculcārunt | exculcāverant exculcārant | exculcāverint exculcārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exculcem | exculcārem | exculcāverim exculcārim | exculcāvissem exculcāssem |
| 2nd sg. | exculcēs | exculcārēs | exculcāverīs | exculcāvissēs exculcāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | exculcet | exculcāret | exculcāverit exculcārit | exculcāvisset exculcāsset |
| 1st pl. | exculcēmus | exculcārēmus | exculcāverīmus exculcārīmus | exculcāvissēmus exculcāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | exculcētis | exculcārētis | exculcāverītis exculcārītis | exculcāvissētis exculcāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | exculcent | exculcārent | exculcāverint exculcārint | exculcāvissent exculcāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exculcor | exculcābar | exculcābor |
| 2nd sg. | exculcāris exculcāre | exculcābāris exculcābāre | exculcāberis exculcābere |
| 3rd sg. | exculcātur | exculcābātur | exculcābitur |
| 1st pl. | exculcāmur | exculcābāmur | exculcābimur |
| 2nd pl. | exculcāminī | exculcābāminī | exculcābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | exculcantur | exculcābantur | exculcābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exculcer | exculcārer |
| 2nd sg. | exculcēris exculcēre | exculcārēris exculcārēre |
| 3rd sg. | exculcētur | exculcārētur |
| 1st pl. | exculcēmur | exculcārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | exculcēminī | exculcārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exculcentur | exculcārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | exculcā | exculcāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | exculcāte | exculcāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | exculcātō | exculcātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | exculcātō | exculcātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | exculcātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | exculcantō | exculcantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | exculcāre | exculcārī |
| perfect infinitive | exculcāvisse exculcāsse | exculcātum esse |
| future infinitive | exculcātūrum esse | exculcātum īrī |
| present participle | exculcāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | exculcātus exculcāta, exculcātā, exculcātae, exculcātam, exculcātārum, exculcātās, exculcātī, exculcātōrum, exculcātōs |
| future participle | exculcātūrus exculcātūra, exculcātūrā, exculcātūrae, exculcātūram, exculcātūrārum, exculcātūrās, exculcātūre, exculcātūrī, exculcātūrīs, exculcātūrō, exculcātūrōrum, exculcātūrōs, exculcātūrum | exculcandus exculcanda, exculcandā, exculcandae, exculcandam, exculcandārum, exculcandās, exculcande, exculcandīs, exculcandōrum, exculcandōs |
gerundexculcandī, exculcandō, exculcandumsupineexculcātum, exculcātū
ex-culco, āvi, ātum, 1 calco,
I. to tread or beat out (very rare; not in Cic.).
II. Transf., to tread down, to stamp firm or close:
singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur, rammed down, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7 Oud.— Hence, * exculcātus, a, um, P. a. (trodden out, worn out by treading; trop.), worn out: verba nimis obsoleta exculcataque, Gell. 11, 7, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
exculcō —, —, āre
ex + calco, to tread down, stamp firm , Cs.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexculcō
Latin ex- Latin calcō Latin exculcō From ex- + calcō.