verbsecond conjugation
rīdeō
rīdeō (present infinitive rīdēre, perfect active rīsī, supine rīsum)
Classical[ˈriː.de.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈriː.de.o]
№ 874 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- intransitiveto laugh
- transitiveto laugh at, ridicule, mock
rīdet amātōrem Lȳdā puella suum.
The Lydian girl laughs at her [would-be] lover.8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 2.356GNATHŌ: Hahahae. THRASŌ: Quid rīdēs?
THRASO: What are you laughing at?161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 3.497
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
gaudium vultū et vōce mōnstrō.rīdeō -ēre rīsī — in Mille Verba, Animus et Adfectūs
to laugh
rīdeō -ēre — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 2, 3, 11, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23
laugh
rīdeō -ēre, rīsī — in De Bello Gallico III
they laugh
rīdent — in Seneca, ch. III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Ridere · Cachinnari · Renidere · Subridere · Irridere · Deridere
1. Ridere and cachinnari denote an audible laugh; ridere, a joyous and temperate laugh, like γελᾶν; cachinnari (from hinnire) an unrestrained and resounding fit of laughter, like καγχάζειν; whereas subridere, and renidere only a visible smile; subridere, as the expression of a waggish or satirical humor; renidere (from nidor, ὄνειδος,) as the expression of a friendly, and also of a dissembling humor, like μειδιᾶν. Cic. Tusc. iv. 31. Si ridere concessum sit, vituperatur tamen cachinnatio. Verr. iii. 25. Herenn. iii. 14, 25. Ovid, Art. iii. 287. 2. Deridere denotes laughing at, as an act of loftiness and contempt, inasmuch as others are laughed down, like καταγελᾶν; irridere, as an act of insolence and malignant pleasure, inasmuch as others are laughed at before their faces, like ἐγγελᾶν. Cic. Orat. iii. 14. Istos omnes deridete atque contemnite; and Verr. v. 92: comp. with N. D. ii. 3. Claudius etiam per jocum deos irridens; and Suet. Aug. 36. (iii. 251.)
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rīdeō | rīdēbam | rīdēbō | rīsī | rīseram | rīserō |
| 2nd sg. | rīdēs | rīdēbās | rīdēbis | rīsistī | rīserās | rīseris |
| 3rd sg. | rīdet | rīdēbat | rīdēbit | rīsit | rīserat | rīserit |
| 1st pl. | rīdēmus | rīdēbāmus | rīdēbimus | rīsimus | rīserāmus | rīserimus |
| 2nd pl. | rīdētis | rīdēbātis | rīdēbitis | rīsistis | rīserātis | rīseritis |
| 3rd pl. | rīdent | rīdēbant | rīdēbunt | rīsērunt rīsēre | rīserant | rīserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rīdeam | rīdērem | rīserim | rīsissem |
| 2nd sg. | rīdeās | rīdērēs | rīserīs | rīsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | rīdeat | rīdēret | rīserit | rīsisset |
| 1st pl. | rīdeāmus | rīdērēmus | rīserīmus | rīsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | rīdeātis | rīdērētis | rīserītis | rīsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | rīdeant | rīdērent | rīserint | rīsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rīdeor | rīdēbar | rīdēbor |
| 2nd sg. | rīdēris rīdēre | rīdēbāris rīdēbāre | rīdēberis rīdēbere |
| 3rd sg. | rīdētur | rīdēbātur | rīdēbitur |
| 1st pl. | rīdēmur | rīdēbāmur | rīdēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | rīdēminī | rīdēbāminī | rīdēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | rīdentur | rīdēbantur | rīdēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rīdear | rīdērer |
| 2nd sg. | rīdeāris rīdeāre | rīdērēris rīdērēre |
| 3rd sg. | rīdeātur | rīdērētur |
| 1st pl. | rīdeāmur | rīdērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | rīdeāminī | rīdērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | rīdeantur | rīdērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | rīdē | rīdēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | rīdēte | rīdēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | rīdētō | rīdētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | rīdētō | rīdētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | rīdētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | rīdentō | rīdentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | rīdēre | rīdērī |
| perfect infinitive | rīsisse | rīsum esse |
| future infinitive | rīsūrum esse | rīsum īrī |
| present participle | rīdēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | rīsus rīsa, rīsā, rīsae, rīsam, rīsārum, rīsās, rīse, rīsīs, rīsō, rīsōrum, rīsōs |
| future participle | rīsūrus rīsūra, rīsūrā, rīsūrae, rīsūram, rīsūrārum, rīsūrās, rīsūre, rīsūrī, rīsūrīs, rīsūrō, rīsūrōrum, rīsūrōs, rīsūrum | rīdendus rīdenda, rīdendā, rīdendae, rīdendam, rīdendārum, rīdendās, rīdende, rīdendīs, rīdendōrum, rīdendōs |
gerundrīdendī, rīdendō, rīdendumsupinerīsum, rīsū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- risum captare
- to try and raise a laugh.
- risum edere, tollere
- to begin to laugh.
- risum tenere vix posse
- to be scarcely able to restrain one's laughter.
- risum movere, concitare
- to raise a laugh.
- aliquid in risum vertere
- to make a thing ridiculous, turn it into a joke.
- risum aegre continere posse
- to be scarcely able to restrain one's laughter.
- risum elicere (more strongly excutere) alicui
- to make a person laugh.
rīdĕo, si, sum, 2 (
I. dep. collat. form ridetur, Petr. 57, 3; 61, 4), v. n. and a. [Bœot. κριδδέμεν for κρίζειν?͂ γελᾶν, orig. form κριδjεμεν].
I. Neutr., to laugh (cf. cachinnor).
A. In gen.:
numquam ullo die risi adaeque Neque hoc quod reliquom est plus risuram opinor, Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 4: risi te hodie multum, id. Stich. 1, 3, 89: ridere convivae, cachinnare ipse Apronius, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62: M. Crassum semel ait in vitā risisse Lucilius, id. Fin. 5, 30, 92: cum ridere voles, Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 16.—With si: ridetque (deus), si mortalis ultra Fas trepidat. Hor. C. 3, 29, 31; so id. Ep. 1, 1, 95 sq.; 1, 19, 43; id. A. P. 105: ridentem dicere verum Quid vetat, while laughing, i. e. in a laughing or jesting manner, id. S. 1, 1, 24; cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 4, 1.—With a homogeneous object: ridere γέλωτα σαρδάνιον, Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 1: tempus flendi et tempus ridendi, Vulg. Eccl. 3, 4.—B. In partic.
1. To laugh pleasantly, to smile; and ridere ad aliquem or alicui, to smile on one (so almost entirely poet.; syn. renideo): Juppiter hic risit tempestatesque serenae Riserunt omnes risu Jovis omnipotentis, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 254 (Ann. v. 445 sq. Vahl.); cf.:
vultu Fortuna sereno, Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 27: ridere ad patrem, Cat. 61, 219.— b. Transf., of things, to laugh or smile, i. q. to look cheerful or pleasant:
sedes quietae large diffuso lumine rident, Lucr. 3, 22: tempestas, id. 5, 1395: argentum et pulchra Sicyonia, id. 4, 1125: ille terrarum mihi praeter omnes Angulus ridet, Hor. C. 2, 6, 14: argento domus, id. ib. 4, 11, 6: florum coloribus almus ager, Ov. M. 15, 205: pavonum ridenti lepore, Lucr. 2, 502; cf.: colocasia mixta ridenti acantho, smiling, i. e. glad, Verg. E. 4, 20. — With dat.: tibi rident aequora ponti, smile upon thee, look brightly up to thee, Lucr. 1, 8; Cat. 64, 285. — * 2. To laugh in ridicule, to mock (cf. II. B. 2.):
quandoque potentior Largis muneribus riserit aemuli, Hor. C. 4, 1, 18.— II. Act., to laugh at, laugh over any thing.
A. In gen. (class.; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Men. 478):
rideo hunc, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 9; cf. id. Eun. 5, 6, 7: Acrisium (Juppiter et Venus), Hor. C. 3, 16, 7 et saep.: risi nivem atram, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 1: joca tua, id. Att. 14, 14, 1: haec ego non rideo, quamvis tu rideas, say in jest, id. Fam. 7, 11, 13: nemo illic vitia ridet, Tac. G. 19; cf.: perjuria amantum (Juppiter), Tib. 3, 6, 49; Ov. A. A. 1, 633; for which: perjuros amantes, Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 47.—Poet., with obj.-clause: Amphitryoniaden perdere Sidonios umeris amictus, Stat. Th. 10, 648. — Pass.: haec enim ridentur vel sola vel maxime, quae notant et designant turpitudinem aliquam non turpiter, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 236 sq.: tum enim non sal, sed natura ridetur, id. ib. 2. 69, 279; 2, 70, 281: ridetur ab omni Conventu, Hor. S. 1, 7, 22: ridear, Ov. P. 4, 12, 16: neque acute tantum ac venuste, sed stulte, iracunde, timide dicta aut facta ridentur, Quint. 6, 3, 7: quae in mimis rideri solent, id. 6, 3, 29.—B. In partic.
1. To smile upon one:
quasi muti silent Neque me rident, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 21; cf.: cui non risere parentes, Verg. E. 4, 62.—2. To laugh at, ridicule a person or thing (milder than deridere, to deride):
ridet nostram amentiam, Cic. Quint. 17, 55: O rem, quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, id. Dom. 39, 104: ut dederis nobis quemadmodum scripseris ad me, quem semper ridere possemus, id. Fam. 2, 9, 1; cf.: curre et quam primum haec risum veni, id. Cael. 8, 14, 4: versus Enni gravitate minores (with reprehendere), Hor. S. 1, 10, 54: risimus et merito nuper poëtam, Quint. 8, 3, 19: nostram diligentiam, id. 2, 11, 1: praesaga Verba senis (with spernere), Ov. M. 3, 514: lacrimas manus impia nostras, id. ib. 3, 657 al.—Pass.: Pyrrhi ridetur largitas a consule, Cic. Rep. 3, 28, 40: rideatur merito, qui, etc., Quint. 11, 1, 44; cf. id. 9, 3, 101; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 106; id. A. P. 356: rideri possit eo, quod, etc., id. S. 1, 3, 30: peccet ad extremum ridendus, id. Ep. 1, 1, 9; cf. Quint. 4, 1, 62; Val. Max. 8, 8, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
rīdeō sī, sus, ēre,
to laugh: quid rides? T.: hic iudices ridere: semel in vitā: ridentem dicere verum Quid vetat, i. e. jestingly, H.: ridetur ab omni Conventu, there is laughter, H.—Prov.: quandoque potentior Largi muneribus riserit aemuli, i. e. in triumph over a lavish rival's gifts, H.: ridere γέλωτα σαρδάνιον, i. e. laugh on the wrong side of the mouth.—To laugh pleasantly, smile, look cheerful, be favorable: voltu Fortuna sereno, O.: cui non risere parentes, V.: Ille terrarum mihi praeter omnīs Angulus ridet, i. e. pleases, H.; cf. Mixtaque ridenti colocasia acantho, smiling, V.—To laugh at, laugh over: hunc, T.: Acrisium, H.: nivem atram: haec ego non rideo, quamvis tu rideas, say in jest: vitia, Ta.: periuria amantūm, O.: non sal, sed natura ridetur: Ridear, O.—To laugh at, ridicule, deride, mock: nostram amentiam: versūs Enni, make light of, H.: Ridentur mala qui componunt carmina, H.: Peccet ad extremum ridendus, H.
Origins
Uncertain origin. Roberts assigns Proto-Indo-European *wert- in the sense of turning the mouth to smile; De Vaan finds no credible Indo-European origin and rejects connections to Sanskrit व्रीडते (vrīḍate, “to be shy, bashful”). Matasović connects this with Proto-Germanic *wrītaną (“to scratch”).
Insular Romance
- Sardinianridere
- Sardinianarriere
- Sardinianriere
Gallo-Romance
- Frenchrirefrom Old French rire
- Catalanriure
- Occitanrirefrom Old Occitan rire
- Franco-Provençalrire
- Normanrithefrom Old French rire
- Walloonrirefrom Old French rire
- Gasconríderfrom Old Occitan rire
- Gasconríserfrom Old Occitan rire
- Gasconarríderfrom Old Occitan rire
- Gasconarríserfrom Old Occitan rire
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianrîde
- Romanianrâde
- Aromanianarãd
- Aromanianarãdu
- Aromanianared
- Megleno-Romanianrǫd
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueserirfrom Old Galician-Portuguese riir
- Spanishreír
- Aragonesearrier
- Aragonesearriyer
- Aragoneseriure
- Aragoneseredir
- Aragonesereyir
- Aragonesearreguir
- Asturianrir
- Leoneserire
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianridere
- Corsicanrida
- Dalmatianredro
- Istriotreidi
- Esperantoridifrom Italian ridere
- Neapolitanridere
- Sicilianrìdiri
- Sicilianarrìdiri
- Venetanrìdar
- Venetanrìder
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianridi
- Ladinoreir
- Romanshrir
- Romanshreir
- Romanshrier
Gallo-Italic
- Emilianrédder
- Ligurianrîe
- Piedmonteserije
- Piedmonteserìe
In English words that came into English from rīdeō
- ridiculerīdiculus
- ridiculousrīdiculus
- deridedērīdēre
- risiblerīsibilis
- derisiondērīsiōnem
- derisivedērīdeō
- risoriusrīsōrius
- ridentridens
- irrisionirrīsiō
- arridearrīdeō
- subridentsubrīdēns
- subrisionsubrisio
- subrisivesubrisivus
- risorialrisorius