LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbfourth conjugation

mūniō

mūniō (present infinitive mūnīre, perfect active mūnīvī or mūniī, supine mūnītum)
Classical[ˈmuː.ni.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈmuː.ni.o]
Mille Verba core vocabulary

Meaning

  1. to provide with defensive works, fortify
    mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāreto strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of weapons and armour27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 29.4
  2. to provide with defensive works, fortify
  3. to build (as) a fortification
  4. to guard from attack, defend
  5. to strengthen, secure
  6. to protect with a covering
  7. figurativelyto safeguard, uphold or buttress (of a person, institution, etc.)
  8. figurativelyto defend, protect, secure
  9. to build up so as to give a firm surface to, to construct or repair (of a road, other raised areas)
    Mūnīta viaPaved road
  10. to provide with a road, make passable

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

firmum et tūtum faciō; castra vāllō mūnīta sunt.
mūniō -īre — in Mille Verba, Bellum et Arma

Conjugation conjugation 4

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.mūniōmūniēbammūniammūnīvī
mūniī		mūnīveram
mūnieram		mūnīverō
mūnierō
2nd sg.mūnīsmūniēbāsmūniēsmūnīvistī
mūniistī		mūnīverās
mūnierās		mūnīveris
mūnieris
3rd sg.mūnitmūniēbatmūnietmūnīvit
mūniit		mūnīverat
mūnierat		mūnīverit
mūnierit
1st pl.mūnīmusmūniēbāmusmūniēmusmūnīvimus
mūniimus		mūnīverāmus
mūnierāmus		mūnīverimus
mūnierimus
2nd pl.mūnītismūniēbātismūniētismūnīvistis
mūniistis		mūnīverātis
mūnierātis		mūnīveritis
mūnieritis
3rd pl.mūniuntmūniēbantmūnientmūnīvērunt
mūnīvēre, mūniērunt, mūniēre		mūnīverant
mūnierant		mūnīverint
mūnierint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.mūniammūnīremmūnīverim
mūnierim		mūnīvissem
mūniissem
2nd sg.mūniāsmūnīrēsmūnīverīs
mūnierīs		mūnīvissēs
mūniissēs
3rd sg.mūniatmūnīretmūnīverit
mūnierit		mūnīvisset
mūniisset, mūnīsset
1st pl.mūniāmusmūnīrēmusmūnīverīmus
mūnierīmus		mūnīvissēmus
mūniissēmus
2nd pl.mūniātismūnīrētismūnīverītis
mūnierītis		mūnīvissētis
mūniissētis
3rd pl.mūniantmūnīrentmūnīverint
mūnierint		mūnīvissent
mūniissent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.mūniormūniēbarmūniar
2nd sg.mūnīris
mūnīre		mūniēbāris
mūniēbāre		mūniēris
mūniēre
3rd sg.mūnīturmūniēbāturmūniētur
1st pl.mūnīmurmūniēbāmurmūniēmur
2nd pl.mūnīminīmūniēbāminīmūniēminī
3rd pl.mūniunturmūniēbanturmūnientur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.mūniarmūnīrer
2nd sg.mūniāris
mūniāre		mūnīrēris
mūnīrēre
3rd sg.mūniāturmūnīrētur
1st pl.mūniāmurmūnīrēmur
2nd pl.mūniāminīmūnīrēminī
3rd pl.mūnianturmūnīrentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.mūnīmūnīre
pres. 2nd pl.mūnītemūnīminī
fut. 2nd sg.mūnītōmūnītor
fut. 3rd sg.mūnītōmūnītor
fut. 2nd pl.mūnītōte—
fut. 3rd pl.mūniuntōmūniuntor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitivemūnīremūnīrī
perfect infinitivemūnīvisse
mūniisse		mūnītum esse
future infinitivemūnītūrum essemūnītum īrī
present participlemūniēns—
perfect participle—mūnītus
mūnīta, mūnītā, mūnītae, mūnītam, mūnītārum, mūnītās, mūnītī, mūnītōrum, mūnītōs
future participlemūnītūrus
mūnītūra, mūnītūrā, mūnītūrae, mūnītūram, mūnītūrārum, mūnītūrās, mūnītūre, mūnītūrī, mūnītūrīs, mūnītūrō, mūnītūrōrum, mūnītūrōs, mūnītūrum		mūniendus
mūniundus, mūnienda, mūniendā, mūniendae, mūniendam, mūniendārum, mūniendās, mūniende, mūniendīs, mūniendōrum, mūniendōs
gerundmūniendī, mūniendō, mūniendumsupinemūnītum, mūnītū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

viam munire
to make a road.
castra munire
to make a fortified, entrenched camp.
castra munire vallo (aggere)
to fortify the camp with a rampart.
oppidum manu (opere) munitum
a town artificially fortified.
oppidum natura loci munitum (B. G. 1. 38)
a town with a strong natural position.

mūnĭo (old form moenio, v. below), īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 (
I. fut. munibis for munies, Veg. Vet. 1, 10, 5), v. a. moenia, lit. to wall; hence, to build a wall around, to defend with a wall, to fortify, defend, protect, secure, put in a state of defence (class.).
I. Lit.: arcem ad urbem obsidendam, Nep. Tim. 3, 3: palatium, Liv. 1, 7: locum, Caes. B. G. 1, 24, 3.—With abl.: Alpibus Italiam munierat ante natura, Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34: domum praesidiis, id. Cat. 1, 4, 10: castra vallo fossāque, with palisades and a trench, Caes. B. G. 2, 5: locum muro, id. ib. 29.—With a homogeneous object, prov.: magna moenis moenia, you are undertaking a great thing, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 73: duovir urbis moeniendae, Inscr. Orell. 7142.— Absol.: quod idoneum ad muniendum putarent, for fortifying, i. e. for use in the fortifications, Nep. Them. 6, 21; Hirt. B. G. 8, 31. —Also, to surround, guard, for the protection of other things: ignem ita munire ut non evagaretur, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 12, 7, 7.—
B. Transf.
1. In gen., to defend, guard, secure, protect, shelter: Pergamum divinā moenitum manu, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 2: hortum ab incursu hominum, Col. 11, 3, 2: spica contra avium morsūs munitur vallo aristarum, Cic. Sen. 15, 51: hieme quaternis tunicis et tibialibus muniebatur, he defended, protected, covered himself, Suet. Aug. 82. —
2. To make a road, etc., i. e. to make passable by opening, repairing, or paving it: quasi Appius Caecus viam munierit, Cic. Mil. 7, 17: rupem, Liv. 21, 37: itinera, Nep. Hann. 3, 4: TEMPE MVNIVIT, Inscr. Orell. 587. —
II. Trop.
A. To guard, secure, strengthen, support (cf.: fulcio, sustineo): meretriculis Muniendis rem cogere, to maintain, support, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 54 (dub.; Speng. moenerandis; v. munero).—Am strengthening myself: munio me ad haec tempora, Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 2: imperium, to secure, Nep. Reg. 2, 2: muniri adversus fraudes, to secure one's self, Plin. 37, 13, 76, § 198 (dub. moneri, Jahn): se contra ruborem, Tac. Agr. 45: se multorum benevolentiā, Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 84: se contra perfidiam, id. Fam. 4, 14, 3: aliquid auctoritate, Vell. 2, 127, 2: domum terrore, Plin. Pan. 48, 3.—
B. Munire viam, to make or open a way: haec omnia tibi accusandi viam muniebant, prepared the way for your accusation, Cic. Mur. 23, 48: sibi viam ad stuprum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 64.—Hence, mūnītus, a, um, P. a., defended, fortified, protected, secured, safe (class.): nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem et audaciam posset esse, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39.—Neutr. plur. munita as subst.: munita viāi, fortification or breastwork of the mouth (cf. Homer. ἕρκος ὀδόντων), the lips, Lucr. 3, 498.—Comp.: se munitiorem ad custodiendam vitam suam fore, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 3.—Sup.: munitissima castra, Caes. B. G. 4, 55.—Adv.: mūnītē, securely, safely (ante-class.): munitius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 141. Müll.
munĭo, ōnis, a false reading for nomionem, v. Orell. and Klotz, ad h. l.; Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*mey-
  2. Proto-Indo-European*móyni
  3. Proto-Italic*moini
  4. Latinmūniō

Proto-Indo-European *-yétider. Latin -iō Latin mūniō From moene (Old Latin for moenia) + -iō.

Descendants
  • Englishmunite
  • Frenchmunir
  • Portuguesemunir
  • Spanishmunir
  • Italianmunire
  • Old Leonesemonir
  • Old Leonesemunir

In English words that came into English from mūniō

  • praemunirepraemūnīre
  • munimentmūnīmentum

Quick answers

What does mūniō mean in Latin?
mūniō, a verb, means “to provide with defensive works, fortify; to provide with defensive works, fortify; to guard from attack, defend”.
What are the principal parts of mūniō?
mūniō, mūnīre, mūnīvī, mūnītum (fourth conjugation).
How do you pronounce mūniō?
In classical Latin, [ˈmuː.ni.oː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ˈmuː.ni.o].
Where does mūniō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *mey- → Proto-Indo-European *móyni → Proto-Italic *moini → Latin mūniō.