adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
fīnitimus
fīnitimus (feminine fīnitima, neuter fīnitimum)
Classical[fiːˈnɪ.tɪ.mʊs]Ecclesiastical[fiˈniː.ti.mus]
Meaning
- adjectivebordering upon, adjoining, adjacent, neighbouring; close, near
Caesari renuntiatur Helvetiis esse in animo per agrum Sequanorum et Haeduorum iter in Santonum fines facere[…] Id si fieret, intellegebat magno cum periculo provinciae futurum ut homines bellicosos, populi Romani inimicos, locis patentibus maximeque frumentariis finitimos haberet.
It was reported to Caesar "the Helvetii intend to travel through the country of the Sequani and Aedui to the land of the Santoni" […] He understood in what great danger the province would be in were this to happen, having close by warlike people, enemies of the Roman people, in open country and the most fertile land.c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 1.10[quid] si neque fervidis / pars inclusa caloribus / mundi nec Boreae finitimum latus
23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 3.24.36–40 - adjectivefigurativelyrelated, closely linked
Propter se autem vitanda sunt non ea modo, quae his contraria sunt, ut fortitudini ignavia et iustitiae iniustitia, verum etiam illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse.[…]Sic uni cuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, aut certo iam nomine appellatum, ut audacia, quae fidentiae, pertinacia, quae perseverantiae finitima est,[…]
84 BCE, Cicero, De inventione 2.165[…]; simul illud gaudeo, quod et aequalitas vestra et pares honorum gradus et artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas tantum abest ab obtrectatione et invidia, quae solet lacerare plerosque, ut ea non modo non exulcerare vestram gratiam, sed etiam conciliare videatur.
43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Brutum 156 - adjectiverelativeconcerning or originating from neighbouring people
- adjectivemasculinenoun from verbpluralplural onlymen living on or over one's border, neighbors; their people as a whole
Near-synonym: vīcīnī
Hīs rēbus fīēbat ut et minus lātē vagārentur et minus facile fīnitimīs bellum īnferre possent; quā ex parte hominēs bellandī cupidī magnō dolōre adficiēbantur.
As a result of these things, it happened that they both wandered less widely and were less easily able to wage war upon their neighbors; for this reason, the men eager for war were afflicted with great distress.c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 1.2 - Late Latinadjective(of an event) imminent; coming to an end
Mensibus hibernis tribus in regione Melite Multiplicem dat Paulus opem, Publiique parentem Finitima de clade levat, quo munere viso
c. 490 CE – 544 CE, Arator, De actibus apostolorum 2.1206–1209
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Vicinus · Finitimus · Confinis
Vicini (οἰκεῖοι) are neighbors, in reference to house and yard; whereas finitimi and confines, with reference to the boundaries of the land; finitimi, in a one-sided relationship, as the neighbors of others, who dwell near their boundaries, in a mere geographical sense; confines, in a mutual relationship, as opposite neighbors, who have boundaries in common, with the moral accessory notion of friendship associated with neighborhood. The finitimi are finibus diremti; whereas the confines are confinio conjuncti. (v. 181.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | fīnitimus | fīnitima | fīnitimum |
| genitive | fīnitimī | fīnitimae | fīnitimī |
| dative | fīnitimō | fīnitimae | fīnitimō |
| accusative | fīnitimum | fīnitimam | fīnitimum |
| ablative | fīnitimō | fīnitimā | fīnitimō |
| vocative | fīnitime | fīnitima | fīnitimum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | fīnitimī | fīnitimae | fīnitima |
| genitive | fīnitimōrum | fīnitimārum | fīnitimōrum |
| dative | fīnitimīs | fīnitimīs | fīnitimīs |
| accusative | fīnitimōs | fīnitimās | fīnitima |
| ablative | fīnitimīs | fīnitimīs | fīnitimīs |
| vocative | fīnitimī | fīnitimae | fīnitima |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- finitimum esse terrae
- to be contiguous, adjacent to a country.
fīnĭtĭmus or fīnĭtŭmus, a, um, adj. finis; cf. maritimus,
I. bordering upon, adjoining, neighboring (class.; syn.: vicinus, confinis, conterminus, contiguus, continens).
I. Lit.
A. Adj.
(a). With dat.:
sumus enim finitimi Atinatibus, Cic. Planc. 9, 22: Galli Belgis, Caes. B. G. 2, 2, 3: homines bellicosi locis patentibus, id. ib. 1, 10, 2: regnum Ariobarzanis vestris vectigalibus, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 2, 5: aër mari, id. N. D. 2, 39, 101: latus Boreae, i. e. bordering upon the north, northern, Hor. C. 3, 24, 38.—(b). Absol.:
Romanos ea loca finitimae provinciae adjungere, Caes. B. G. 3, 2 fin.: Marsi, Hor. Epod. 16, 3: bellum, Caes. B. C. 2, 38, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 111: civitates, Liv. 1, 32, 2.—B. Subst.: fīnĭtĭmi, ōrum, m., neighbors:
bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit, Cic. Rep. 2, 9; cf.: finitimi ac vicini, id. Sull. 20, 58; id. de Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; 1, 5, 4; 2, 16, 2 et saep. —II. Trop., bordering upon, adjoining, nearly related, like.
(a). With dat.:
unicuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, ut audacia, quae fidentiae finitima est, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. id. de Or. 2, 44, 185: metus aegritudini, id. Tusc. 4, 30, 64: falsa veris, closely allied, id. Ac. 2, 21, 68: deterrimum genus optimo, id. Rep. 1, 42: consensus principum administrationi, id. ib. 1, 28: poëta oratori, id. de Or. 1. 16, 70; cf.: historia huic generi, id. Or. 20, 66: Autronii nomen finitimum maxime est hujus periculo et crimini, is very closely connected with, id. Sull. 25, 71.—(b). Absol.:
illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165: artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas, id. Brut. 42, 156: finitimum malum, id. Rep. 1, 28.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
fīnitimus or fīnitumus adj.
finis, bordering upon, adjoining, neighboring : Galli Belgis, Cs.: aër mari: latus Boreae, i. e. bordering upon the north , H.: provincia, Cs.: Marsi, H.: finitimis inperat, next neighbors , S.: finitimi ac vicini.— Fig., bordering upon, nearly related, like, kindred, associated, connected : virtuti vitium: falsa veris: poëta oratori: historia huic generi: artium quasi finitima vicinitas, closest : malum.
Origins
Derived from fīnis (“boundary; limit”) + -timus (also spelled -tumus), from Proto-Indo-European *-(t)m̥mos. Compare lēgitimus, maritimus.
Descendants
- Italianfinitimo
- Portuguesefinítimo
- Spanishfinítimo