verbfirst conjugation
exarō
exarō (present infinitive exarāre, perfect active exarāvī, supine exarātum)
Classical[ˈɛk.sa.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɛk.sa.ro]
Meaning
- to plough or dig up; till, cultivate, plough
- broadlyto produce by tillage, raise
- figurativelyto write, note or set down something on tablets
- figurativelyto flog severely
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exarō | exarābam | exarābō | exarāvī | exarāveram | exarāverō exarārō |
| 2nd sg. | exarās | exarābās | exarābis | exarāvistī exarāstī | exarāverās exarārās | exarāveris |
| 3rd sg. | exarat | exarābat | exarābit | exarāvit | exarāverat exarārat | exarāverit exarārit |
| 1st pl. | exarāmus | exarābāmus | exarābimus | exarāvimus | exarāverāmus | exarāverimus exarārimus |
| 2nd pl. | exarātis | exarābātis | exarābitis | exarāvistis exarāstis | exarāverātis exarārātis | exarāveritis exarāritis |
| 3rd pl. | exarant | exarābant | exarābunt | exarāvērunt exarāvēre, exarārunt | exarāverant exarārant | exarāverint exarārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exarem | exarārem | exarāverim exarārim | exarāvissem exarāssem |
| 2nd sg. | exarēs | exarārēs | exarāverīs | exarāvissēs exarāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | exaret | exarāret | exarāverit exarārit | exarāvisset exarāsset |
| 1st pl. | exarēmus | exarārēmus | exarāverīmus exarārīmus | exarāvissēmus exarāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | exarētis | exarārētis | exarāverītis exarārītis | exarāvissētis exarāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | exarent | exarārent | exarāverint exarārint | exarāvissent exarāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exaror | exarābar | exarābor |
| 2nd sg. | exarāris exarāre | exarābāris exarābāre | exarāberis exarābere |
| 3rd sg. | exarātur | exarābātur | exarābitur |
| 1st pl. | exarāmur | exarābāmur | exarābimur |
| 2nd pl. | exarāminī | exarābāminī | exarābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | exarantur | exarābantur | exarābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exarer | exarārer |
| 2nd sg. | exarēris exarēre | exarārēris exarārēre |
| 3rd sg. | exarētur | exarārētur |
| 1st pl. | exarēmur | exarārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | exarēminī | exarārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exarentur | exarārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | exarā | exarāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | exarāte | exarāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | exarātō | exarātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | exarātō | exarātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | exarātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | exarantō | exarantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | exarāre | exarārī |
| perfect infinitive | exarāvisse exarāsse | exarātum esse |
| future infinitive | exarātūrum esse | exarātum īrī |
| present participle | exarāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | exarātus exarāta, exarātā, exarātae, exarātam, exarātārum, exarātās, exarātī, exarātōrum, exarātōs |
| future participle | exarātūrus exarātūra, exarātūrā, exarātūrae, exarātūram, exarātūrārum, exarātūrās, exarātūre, exarātūrī, exarātūrīs, exarātūrō, exarātūrōrum, exarātūrōs, exarātūrum | exarandus exaranda, exarandā, exarandae, exarandam, exarandārum, exarandās, exarande, exarandīs, exarandōrum, exarandōs |
gerundexarandī, exarandō, exarandumsupineexarātum, exarātū
ex-ăro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.,
I. to plough or dig up (class.).
I. Lit.: radices, Cato. R. R. 61; id. ap. Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 127; Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 46:
sepulcra, Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 58: terminos (with deicere), Dig. 10, 1, 4, § 4: deum, puerum, Cic. Div. 2, 23, 51; 2, 38, 80. —II. Transf.
A. To raise, produce by tillage:
tantum frumenti, ut, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38; cf. Zumpt, ib. 2, 3, 47.—B. In gen., to plough, till, cultivate, Varr. R. R. 1, 10, 1; Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 9:
locum de integro, Col. 2, 18, 3: agrum, Pall. Aug. 1: viam publicam, Dig. 43, 10, 4; with effodere mala, i. e. to dig up the earth about them, Pall. Febr. 25, 14.—Poet.: cum rugis vetus frontem senectus exaret, furrows, wrinkles, * Hor. Epod. 8, 4 (cf. aro).—C. To write, note, set down something on tablets (used by Cic. only in his letters): undecimo die postquam a te discesseram, hoc literularum exaravi, Cic. Att. 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 13, 38; id. Fam. 12, 20 fin.:
novum prooemium, id. Att. 16, 6 fin.: ad te harum exemplum in codicillis, id. Fam. 9, 26; cf.: binos codicillos, Suet. Oth. 10: id ipsum his versibus exaravi, etc., Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 5; cf.: librum tertium Aesopi stilo, Phaedr. 3, prol. 29: versus, Suet. Ner. 52; Vulg. Job, 19, 23.— D. Latera, to flog severely, Amm. 15, 7, 5.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ex-arō āvī, ātus, āre,
to plough out, dig up, dig out: sepulcra: puerum. — To raise, produce, obtain by tillage, harvest: tantum labore suo frumenti: decem medimna ex iugero. — Fig., to mark on tablets with the style, write, note, set down: prooemium. — To furrow, wrinkle: Cum rugis Frontem senectus exaret, H.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰ
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexarō
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti ▲ Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu. Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti Proto-Italic *araō Latin arō Latin exarō From ex- (“out of, from”) + arō (“plough”).
Descendants
- Englishexarate