verbfirst conjugation
circumarō
circumarō (present infinitive circumarāre, perfect active circumarāvī, supine circumarātum)
Classical[kɪrˈkʊ.ma.roː]Ecclesiastical[t͡ʃirˈkuː.ma.ro]
Meaning
- to plough around
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumarō | circumarābam | circumarābō | circumarāvī | circumarāveram | circumarāverō circumarārō |
| 2nd sg. | circumarās | circumarābās | circumarābis | circumarāvistī circumarāstī | circumarāverās circumarārās | circumarāveris |
| 3rd sg. | circumarat | circumarābat | circumarābit | circumarāvit | circumarāverat circumarārat | circumarāverit circumarārit |
| 1st pl. | circumarāmus | circumarābāmus | circumarābimus | circumarāvimus | circumarāverāmus | circumarāverimus circumarārimus |
| 2nd pl. | circumarātis | circumarābātis | circumarābitis | circumarāvistis circumarāstis | circumarāverātis circumarārātis | circumarāveritis circumarāritis |
| 3rd pl. | circumarant | circumarābant | circumarābunt | circumarāvērunt circumarāvēre, circumarārunt | circumarāverant circumarārant | circumarāverint circumarārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumarem | circumarārem | circumarāverim circumarārim | circumarāvissem circumarāssem |
| 2nd sg. | circumarēs | circumarārēs | circumarāverīs | circumarāvissēs circumarāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | circumaret | circumarāret | circumarāverit circumarārit | circumarāvisset circumarāsset |
| 1st pl. | circumarēmus | circumarārēmus | circumarāverīmus circumarārīmus | circumarāvissēmus circumarāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | circumarētis | circumarārētis | circumarāverītis circumarārītis | circumarāvissētis circumarāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | circumarent | circumarārent | circumarāverint circumarārint | circumarāvissent circumarāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumaror | circumarābar | circumarābor |
| 2nd sg. | circumarāris circumarāre | circumarābāris circumarābāre | circumarāberis circumarābere |
| 3rd sg. | circumarātur | circumarābātur | circumarābitur |
| 1st pl. | circumarāmur | circumarābāmur | circumarābimur |
| 2nd pl. | circumarāminī | circumarābāminī | circumarābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumarantur | circumarābantur | circumarābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumarer | circumarārer |
| 2nd sg. | circumarēris circumarēre | circumarārēris circumarārēre |
| 3rd sg. | circumarētur | circumarārētur |
| 1st pl. | circumarēmur | circumarārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | circumarēminī | circumarārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumarentur | circumarārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | circumarā | circumarāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | circumarāte | circumarāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | circumarātō | circumarātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | circumarātō | circumarātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | circumarātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | circumarantō | circumarantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | circumarāre | circumarārī |
| perfect infinitive | circumarāvisse circumarāsse | circumarātum esse |
| future infinitive | circumarātūrum esse | circumarātum īrī |
| present participle | circumarāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | circumarātus circumarāta, circumarātā, circumarātae, circumarātam, circumarātārum, circumarātās, circumarātī, circumarātōrum, circumarātōs |
| future participle | circumarātūrus circumarātūra, circumarātūrā, circumarātūrae, circumarātūram, circumarātūrārum, circumarātūrās, circumarātūre, circumarātūrī, circumarātūrīs, circumarātūrō, circumarātūrōrum, circumarātūrōs, circumarātūrum | circumarandus circumaranda, circumarandā, circumarandae, circumarandam, circumarandārum, circumarandās, circumarande, circumarandīs, circumarandōrum, circumarandōs |
gerundcircumarandī, circumarandō, circumarandumsupinecircumarātum, circumarātū
circum-ăro, āre, v. a.,
I. to plough around, Liv. 2, 10, 12; Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 9.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
circum-arō āvī, —, āre,
to plough around, L.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor. Latin circus Latin circum Latin circum- Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti ▲ Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu. Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti Proto-Italic *araō Latin arō Latin circumarō From circum- (“circum-”) + arō (“to plough”).