“fire” in Latin

To set fire to, ignem inferre, injicere or subjicere (e.g., aedibus): initium incendii facere (to begin the burning of a town).

IMPROPR., To shoot off or at, etc. To fire a gun, *tormentum (-a) mittere, emittere (of artillery, etc.); *tela mittere (Not sclopetum explodere or displodere). To fire at anybody, ictum sclopeto mittere in aliquem; (of several) tela conjicere in aliquem; at anything, tormenta in aliquid adigere (Caes., B. C. 3, 52): to expose men, etc., to be fired upon, sub ictum dare (Tac., Ann., 13, 39, 6): to stand to be fired upon, ad omnes expositum ictus stare; sub ictu esse (Sen., ad Marc., 9, 2 and 3).

PROPR., ignis (any fire, πῦρ, as element, in the animal body, etc.; also watch-fire, conflagration): flamma (any fire that gives a flame or blaze; then the flame itself, φλόξ): ardor (glowing heat, etc.): scintillae (the sparks struck from a flint, etc.): incendium (conflagration, πυρκαϊά). Τo catch fire, ignem (flammam) concipere; ignem comprehendere; scintillas excipere (of tinder; Vid: Plin., 36, 19, 30): anything that is easily set on fire, concipiendo igni aptus; concipiendis ignibus idoneus; easily, ignis capacissimus (PROP.); facilis ad exardescendum (PROP. and tropically, to be easily made angry) to strike fire (e.g., with a flint), ignem elicere e silice; ignem silici excudere (with flint and steel); lapidum tritu elicere ignem (by the attrition of two stones, Greek τὰ πυρεῖα συντρίβειν, Cic., N.D., 2, 9, extr.): to light the fire again, ignem reficere: to blow the fire, admoto folle ignem flatu accendere (Curt., 4, 2, 13): to keep up the fire, or put fuel on the fire, ignem alere; igni alimenta dare: to set fire to anything, ignem admovere, subdere, subjicere alicui rei: to set (anything) on the fire, ad ignem apponere (Vid: Plaut., Men., 2, 2, 55): to place or seat one’s self by the fire, to warm one’s self, admoto igne refovere artus: to spit fire, eructare flammas (Justinus, 4, 1, 4): to be on fire, ardere (to burn); flagrare (to be in a blaze; both with incendio, if the object was set on fire): the sky seemed all on fire, caelum plurimo igne ardere visum est; caelum omne flagrare videbatur: everything seemed on fire, or the whole seemed one (mass of) fire, omnia velut continenti flamma ardere visa: to destroy with fire and sword, ferro ignique (seldom igni ferroque) or ferro incendiisque vastare; (entirely) pervastare: to be laid waste by fire and sword, ferro ignique or flamma ferroque absumi: to make or light a fire (i. e., a watch-fire, etc.), ignes facere (e.g., in the camp; in castris, Cic., B.G., 6, 29): to call out “fire!” ignem conclamare (Sen., De Ir., 3, 43, 3). A fire breaks out, sua sponte incendium oritur: a fire has broken out, ignis coortus est; incendium factum est (if the fire was intentional): a fire breaks out in several different quarters of the town at once, pluribus simul locis et iis diversis ignes cooriuntur: to set on fire, incendium facere, conflare, excitare, exsuscitare; initium incendii facere (to be the first to set fire to a town; Vid: Velleius, 2, 74, 4): the fire was the work of an incendiary, incendium humana fraude factum est: to set fire to the buildings, ignem inferre, or injicere, or subjicere aedibus; ignem et materiam aedibus subdere: to take fire, to be consumed by it, igni or flammis comprehendi; flammis corripi (to be reached by the fire, from the context, comprehendi only; Vid: Liv., 26, 27); ignem or flammas concipere: ignem comprehendere (to take fire); ignis occupat aliquid (the fire makes itself way to anything; e.g., to a house): to be destroyed by fire, deflagrare, or conflagrare flammis, or incendio (to be burned down; with incendio, if the fire was intentional); flammis absumi (to be destroyed by the flames). To put a fire out, ignem reprimere; flammam opprimere; incendium compescere (to check, to arrest it): to put out a fire, to extinguish it entirely, incendium restinguere or exstinguere: the fire increases, incendium crescit (opposed to decreases, incendium decrescit): to escape the fire, effugere ex incendio: a small fire, igniculus. The smell of fire, foedus quidam nidor ex combustis or adustis rebus (Liv., 38, 7): a slow fire, lentus ignis: to boil by or on a slow fire, coquere lento igne; also, leniter decoquere; lento vapore decoquere (Plin., 24, 14, intr.): to keep or keep up a good fire, luculento camino uti (Cic.); *luculento foco uti: a stream of fire, ignium rivus (Plin., 2, 106, 110): the glow of fire, flammarum ardor (Lucr., 5, 1092); flammae fervidus ardor (ibid., 1098): a ball or globe of fire, globus (in the skies; Cic., De Div., 1, 43, 97, in which passage the “faces” are mentioned separately): a column of fire, columna ignea (Eccl.): damage sustained by fire, *damnum incendio factum, ex incendio acceptum: vomiting fire, flammas eructans (Justinus, 4, 1, 4; compare Plin., 54, 10, 22, and 2, 103, 106, extr.); ignes evomens (Silius, 17, 5, 98): particles of fire, flammae semen (Ov., Met., 15, 347): a signal made by a fire, ignium significatio: to give or make a signal by fire, ignibus facere significationem (e.g., of distress; Caes., B.G., 2, 33): as red as fire, igneo colore; igneus (of a fiery color in general); flammeus: flammeolus (glowing red); rutilus (red as a blaze): to become as red as fire (in one’s face); [Vid: To BLUSH].

PROV., To be between two fires, lupum auribus tenere (Suet., Tib., 25, Bremi); anceps malum urget (Liv., 3, 28, 9): a burned child dreads the fire, cui dolet, meminit (Cic., Mur., 20, 42); *infans igni tactus cavet ab igni.

IMPROPR., Glow, ignis (e.g., of the eyes): ardor (glow, the lightning of anything; e.g., of the look, the eyes, oculorum, vultuum): the fire of passions, of love, etc., ardor; incendium (also of passions, with the accessory notion of destruction, consuming passion. Ignis, of the passion of love, is poetical only; of the passion of hatred, or other violent excitement, it may be used figuratively in prose; e.g., huic ordini novum ignem subjicere, Cic.): to be consumed by the fire of love, amoris flamma conflagrare.

Mental vivacity, vis: vigor (freshness, vivacity) [Vid. VIGOR, ARDOR]: the fire is gone, consedit ardor animi: to be without fire, tepere; languere; frigere (of an orator, etc.): the fire of youth, juvenilis ardor; ardor aetatis: natural fire and spirit, quaedam animi incitatio atque alacritas naturaliter innata: the fire of a poet, impetus divinus; calore poeticus (†): of an orator, vis, calor, concitatio dicentis; calor et vehementia; oratoris impetus; ardor dicendi.

Volley, etc.; to be exposed to the fire, ad omnes expositum ictus stare, sub ictu esse (Sen., ad Marc., 9, 2 and 3): not to be exposed to the fire, extra teli jactum or conjectum esse (after Curt., 3, 20, 1, and Petronius, 90); extra teli jactum stare (Curt. 5, 3, 17); jactu teli procul abesse (ib., 4, 3, 8): to get or come into the fire, sub ictum dari (Tac., Ann., 13, 39, 6); ad teli conjectum venire (after Liv., 2, 31). To be between two fires, anceps hostis et a fronte et a tergo urgebat.