verbthird (-iō variant) conjugation
effodiō
effodiō (present infinitive effodere, perfect active effōdī, supine effossum)
Classical[ɛfˈfɔ.di.oː]Ecclesiastical[efˈfɔː.di.o]
Meaning
- to dig out or up, excavate, mine
hīc portūs aliī effodiunt
Here some [workers] are excavating a harbor29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.427 - to hollow out
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
terram aperiōeffodiō -ere — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 4
dig out
effodiō -ere — in De Bello Gallico II
Conjugation
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | effodiō | effodiēbam | effodiam | effōdī | effōderam | effōderō |
| 2nd sg. | effodis | effodiēbās | effodiēs | effōdistī | effōderās | effōderis |
| 3rd sg. | effodit | effodiēbat | effodiet | effōdit | effōderat | effōderit |
| 1st pl. | effodimus | effodiēbāmus | effodiēmus | effōdimus | effōderāmus | effōderimus |
| 2nd pl. | effoditis | effodiēbātis | effodiētis | effōdistis | effōderātis | effōderitis |
| 3rd pl. | effodiunt | effodiēbant | effodient | effōdērunt effōdēre | effōderant | effōderint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | effodiam | effoderem | effōderim | effōdissem |
| 2nd sg. | effodiās | effoderēs | effōderīs | effōdissēs |
| 3rd sg. | effodiat | effoderet | effōderit | effōdisset |
| 1st pl. | effodiāmus | effoderēmus | effōderīmus | effōdissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | effodiātis | effoderētis | effōderītis | effōdissētis |
| 3rd pl. | effodiant | effoderent | effōderint | effōdissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | effodior | effodiēbar | effodiar |
| 2nd sg. | effoderis effodere | effodiēbāris effodiēbāre | effodiēris effodiēre |
| 3rd sg. | effoditur | effodiēbātur | effodiētur |
| 1st pl. | effodimur | effodiēbāmur | effodiēmur |
| 2nd pl. | effodiminī | effodiēbāminī | effodiēminī |
| 3rd pl. | effodiuntur | effodiēbantur | effodientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | effodiar | effoderer |
| 2nd sg. | effodiāris effodiāre | effoderēris effoderēre |
| 3rd sg. | effodiātur | effoderētur |
| 1st pl. | effodiāmur | effoderēmur |
| 2nd pl. | effodiāminī | effoderēminī |
| 3rd pl. | effodiantur | effoderentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | effode | effodere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | effodite | effodiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | effoditō | effoditor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | effoditō | effoditor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | effoditōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | effodiuntō | effodiuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | effodere | effodī |
| perfect infinitive | effōdisse | effossum esse |
| future infinitive | effossūrum esse | effossum īrī |
| present participle | effodiēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | effossus effossa, effossā, effossae, effossam, effossārum, effossās, effosse, effossī, effossīs, effossō, effossōrum, effossōs |
| future participle | effossūrus effossūra, effossūrā, effossūrae, effossūram, effossūrārum, effossūrās, effossūre, effossūrī, effossūrīs, effossūrō, effossūrōrum, effossūrōs, effossūrum | effodiendus effodiundus, effodienda, effodiendā, effodiendae, effodiendam, effodiendārum, effodiendās, effodiende, effodiendīs, effodiendōrum, effodiendōs |
gerundeffodiendī, effodiendō, effodiendumsupineeffossum, effossū
ef-fŏdĭo, also exf- and ecf- (cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 767, 769), fōdi, fossum, 3 (
I. inf. pass.:
ecfodiri, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 44; 2, 4, 21), v. a., to dig out, dig up (class.): nec ferrum, aes, argentum, aurum effoderetur, Cic. Off. 2, 3 fin.: carbones e sepulcris, Plin. 35, 6, 25, § 41: lapides puteis, id. 36, 22, 45, § 161: aulam auri plenam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 9; cf. thensaurum, id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; 4, 4, 8: opes, Ov. M. 1, 140; and facetiously: ex hoc sepulcro vetere (i. e. ex sene avaro) viginti minas Ecfodiam ego hodie, Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 20: signum, Liv. 22, 3 fin.: saxum medio de limite, Juv. 16, 38 et saep,: spoliatis effossisque eorum domibus, ransacked, Caes. B. C. 3, 42 fin.; cf.: terram altius, Quint. 10, 3, 2: humum rastello, Suet. Ner. 19: montem, id. Claud. 25: tellurem, Petr. poët. 128, 6, 2: lacum, Suet. Dom. 4; cf. cavernas, i. e. to make by digging, id. Ner. 48: sepulcra, Verg. G. 1, 497 et saep.—In the voc. part. pass.: ex sterquilinio effosse, thou dug from a dung-hill! Plaut. Cas. 1, 26.—Esp. freq.: ecfodere oculos or oculum (alicui), to scratch out, tear out, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 14; id. Curc. 3, 26; id. Men. 1, 2, 46; id. Mil. 2, 3, 44; id. Trin. 2, 4, 62; * Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 4 fin.; Cic. Rep. 3, 17; Suet. Dom. 17; Vulg. 4 Reg. 25, 7 et saep.; cf. lumen, Verg. A. 3, 663; and transf.: hi duo illos oculos orae maritimae effoderunt, Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91: effossum alterum Romani imperii lumen, Vell. 2, 52, 3.—So, too, vesicam, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 22; and poet.: viscera, i. e. to cause abortion, Ov. Am. 2, 14, 27.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
effodiō (exf-, ecf-) fōdī, fossus, ere
ex + fodio, to dig out, dig up, mine, excavate : ferrum: opes, O.: signum, L.: de limite saxum, Iu.: terram, L.: effossis eorum domibus, ransacked , Cs.: portūs, i. e. make by digging , V.: oculi illi ecfodientur, will be torn out , T.: singulis effossis oculis, Cs.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰ
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latineffodiō
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *bʰódʰh₂ey Proto-Italic *foðjō Latin fodiō Latin effodiō From ex- (“out of, from”) + fodiō (“dig”).