verbfirst conjugation
vigilō
vigilō (present infinitive vigilāre, perfect active vigilāvī, supine vigilātum)
Classical[ˈwɪ.ɡɪ.ɫoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈviː.d͡ʒi.lo]
vigilāte 2nd pl. pres. act. imper.Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- transitiveto watch through, spend in watching, do or make while watching
- intransitiveto watch, remain awake, keep or be awake at night
- to rise, wake up
- figurativelyintransitiveto be watchful or vigilant
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
nōn dormiō; oculī apertī sunt.vigilō -āre — in Mille Verba, Corpus Hūmānum
nōn dormiō, cūstōdiōvigilō -āre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 3
nōn dormiō, intentus maneōvigilō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 22
pervigil maneō, nōn dormiōvigilō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 19, 20
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vigilō | vigilābam | vigilābō | vigilāvī | vigilāveram | vigilāverō vigilārō |
| 2nd sg. | vigilās | vigilābās | vigilābis | vigilāvistī vigilāstī | vigilāverās vigilārās | vigilāveris |
| 3rd sg. | vigilat | vigilābat | vigilābit | vigilāvit | vigilāverat vigilārat | vigilāverit vigilārit |
| 1st pl. | vigilāmus | vigilābāmus | vigilābimus | vigilāvimus | vigilāverāmus | vigilāverimus vigilārimus |
| 2nd pl. | vigilātis | vigilābātis | vigilābitis | vigilāvistis vigilāstis | vigilāverātis vigilārātis | vigilāveritis vigilāritis |
| 3rd pl. | vigilant | vigilābant | vigilābunt | vigilāvērunt vigilāvēre, vigilārunt | vigilāverant vigilārant | vigilāverint vigilārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vigilem | vigilārem | vigilāverim vigilārim | vigilāvissem vigilāssem |
| 2nd sg. | vigilēs | vigilārēs | vigilāverīs | vigilāvissēs vigilāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | vigilet | vigilāret | vigilāverit vigilārit | vigilāvisset vigilāsset |
| 1st pl. | vigilēmus | vigilārēmus | vigilāverīmus vigilārīmus | vigilāvissēmus vigilāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | vigilētis | vigilārētis | vigilāverītis vigilārītis | vigilāvissētis vigilāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | vigilent | vigilārent | vigilāverint vigilārint | vigilāvissent vigilāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vigilor | vigilābar | vigilābor |
| 2nd sg. | vigilāris vigilāre | vigilābāris vigilābāre | vigilāberis vigilābere |
| 3rd sg. | vigilātur | vigilābātur | vigilābitur |
| 1st pl. | vigilāmur | vigilābāmur | vigilābimur |
| 2nd pl. | vigilāminī | vigilābāminī | vigilābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | vigilantur | vigilābantur | vigilābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vigiler | vigilārer |
| 2nd sg. | vigilēris vigilēre | vigilārēris vigilārēre |
| 3rd sg. | vigilētur | vigilārētur |
| 1st pl. | vigilēmur | vigilārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | vigilēminī | vigilārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | vigilentur | vigilārentur |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | vigilā | vigilāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | vigilāte | vigilāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | vigilātō | vigilātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | vigilātō | vigilātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | vigilātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | vigilantō | vigilantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | vigilāre | vigilārī |
| perfect infinitive | vigilāvisse vigilāsse | vigilātum esse |
| future infinitive | vigilātūrum esse | vigilātum īrī |
| present participle | vigilāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | vigilātus vigilāta, vigilātā, vigilātae, vigilātam, vigilātārum, vigilātās, vigilātī, vigilātōrum, vigilātōs |
| future participle | vigilātūrus vigilātūra, vigilātūrā, vigilātūrae, vigilātūram, vigilātūrārum, vigilātūrās, vigilātūre, vigilātūrī, vigilātūrīs, vigilātūrō, vigilātūrōrum, vigilātūrōs, vigilātūrum | vigilandus vigilanda, vigilandā, vigilandae, vigilandam, vigilandārum, vigilandās, vigilande, vigilandīs, vigilandōrum, vigilandōs |
gerundvigilandī, vigilandō, vigilandumsupinevigilātum, vigilātū
vĭgĭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.
I. [vigil].
I. Neutr., to watch, i. e. to be or keep awake at night, not to sleep, be wakeful (class.; syn. excubo).
A. Lit.:
ad multam noctem vigilare, Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10: de nocte, id. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 2: proximā nocte, id. Cat. 3, 3, 6: usque ad lucem, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 46: ad ipsum Mane, Hor. S. 1, 3, 17.—With a homogeneous object: in lectitando ... vigilias vigilare, Gell. N. A. praef. § 19.—Impers.: redeo si vigilatur et hic, Mart. 12, 68, 6.—Transf.: vigilat Troicus ignis, burns continually, Stat. S. 1, 1, 35; so, flamma, Flor. 1, 2, 3: lumina (of a light-house), Ov. H. 18, 31.—Prov. (a). Hic vigilans somniat, i. e. builds castles in the air, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 68; cf.:
num ille somniat Ea, quae vigilans voluit? Ter. And. 5, 6, 8.—(b). Qui imperata effecta reddat, non qui vigilans dormiat, who dreams with his eyes open, goes to sleep over a thing, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 152; cf.:
et vigilans stertis, Lucr. 3, 1048: vigilanti stertere naso, Juv. 1, 57.—Impers. pass.: redeo, si vigilatur et hic, Mart. 12, 68, 6.—B. Trop.
1. In gen., to be watchful, vigilant:
vigilantes curae, Cic. Div. 1, 43, 96: oculi vigilantes, Verg. A. 5, 438.—2. In partic., to keep watch over any thing, to be watchful or vigilant: vigilandum est semper: multae insidiae sunt bonis, Att. ap. Cic. Planc. 24, 59 (Trag. Rel. p. 138 Rib.):
excubabo vigilaboque pro vobis, Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18: vigila, Chrysippe, ne tuam causam deseras, id. Fat. 6, 12: ut vivas, vigila, Hor. S. 2, 3, 152: studiis vigilare severis, to engage in, Prop. 2, 3, 7: janitor ad dantes vigilet, id. 4 (5), 5, 47: Mars, vigila, an invocation to Mars at the breaking out of a war, acc. to Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 3.— II. Act., to watch through, spend in watching, to do or make while watching (poet.):
noctes vigilantur amarae, Ov. H. 12, 169; so, vigilata nox, id. F. 4, 167: ubi jam breviorque dies et mollior aetas, Quae vigilanda viris, Verg. G. 1, 313: carmen vigilatum, Ov. F. 4, 109: vigilati labores, id. Tr. 2, 11: magia occulta noctibus vigilata, pursued by night, App. Mag. p. 304, 28.—Hence, A. vĭgĭlans, antis, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2.), watchful, anxious, careful, vigilant:
vigilantes et boni et fortes et misericordes, Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 139: vigilans et acutus tribunus plebis, id. Agr. 1, 1, 3: vigilans et industrius homo, id. Att. 8, 11, B, 1: sentiet in hac urbe esse consules vigilantis, id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—Comp.: nemo paratior, vigilantior, compositior, Cic. Verr. 1, 11, 32.—Sup.: dux (Hannibal), Val. Max. 9, 1, ext. 1.—Adv.: vĭgĭlanter, watchfully, carefully, vigilantly, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 144.—Comp.: vigilantius, Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26.—Sup.: vigilantissime, Cic. Mur. 15, 32.—* Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
vigilō āvī, ātus, āre
vigil, to watch, keep awake, not to sleep, be wakeful: ad multam noctem: usque ad lucem, T.—To watch through: noctīs vigilabat ad ipsum mane, H.: noctes vigilantur amarae, O.: aetas vigilanda viris, V.: vigilata convivio nox, Ta.—Prov.: num ille somniat Ea, quae vigilans voluit? T.: vigilanti stertere naso, Iu.—To perform watching, do at night: carmen vigilatum, O.: vigilati labores, O.—Fig., to be watchful, be vigilant: pro vobis: ut vivas, vigila, H.
Origins
Proto-Indo-European *weǵ-der. Proto-Indo-European *weǵlis Proto-Italic *weglis Latin vigil Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin vigilō From vigil (“awake, alert”) + -ō.
Borrowings
- Catalanvigilar
- Englishvigilate
- Frenchvigiler
- Italianvigilare
- Portuguesevigiarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese vigiar
- Portuguesevigilar
- Spanishvigilar
- Albanianvigjiloj
- Asturianvixilar
- Leonesevexilare
Southern Gallo-Romance
- Catalanvetllar
- Catalanveillar
- Occitanvelharfrom Old Occitan velhar
- Italianvegliarefrom Old Occitan velhar
- Aragoneseveilar
- Aragonesevellar
- Aragonesevillar
- Aragonesevenllar
- Aragonesevilar
- Provençalvilharfrom Old Occitan velhar
Insular Romance
- Sardinianbillai
- Sardinianabbillai
- Sardinianbizare
Balkan Romance
- Romanianveghea
- Romanianveghere
- Aromanianaveglju
- Aromanianveglju
- Aromanianavigljari
- Istro-Romanianveglu
- Megleno-Romanianviglu
- Megleno-Romanianviglari
Italo-Romance
- Italianvegghiare
- Italianveggiare
- Sicilianvigghiari
Ibero-romance
- Portuguesevelarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese velar
- Spanishvelar
- Asturianvelar
- Mirandesebelar
- Galicianvelarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese velar
Northern Gallo-Romance
- Frenchveillerfrom Old French veillier
- Bourguignonvoillai
- Champenoisvoiller
- Franco-Provençalvelyér
- Franco-Provençalvelyir
- Franco-Provençalvelyar
- Franco-Provençalvilyir
- Walloonwoeyî
Dalmatian
- Dalmatianvejur
Padanian
- Emilianvgiar
- Friulianveglâ
- Lombardvegiar
- Lombardvigiar
- Lombardveilär
- Ligurianvegiâ
- Piedmontesevié
- Piedmontesevijé
- Piedmontesevegé
- Piedmonteseavgé