verbsecond conjugation
retorqueō
retorqueō (present infinitive retorquēre, perfect active retorsī, supine retortum)
Classical[rɛˈtɔr.kʷe.oː]Ecclesiastical[reˈtɔr.kʷe.o]
Meaning
- to twist, turn, bend or cast back; avert, deflect
- to retort, cast back
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retorqueō | retorquēbam | retorquēbō | retorsī | retorseram | retorserō |
| 2nd sg. | retorquēs | retorquēbās | retorquēbis | retorsistī | retorserās | retorseris |
| 3rd sg. | retorquet | retorquēbat | retorquēbit | retorsit | retorserat | retorserit |
| 1st pl. | retorquēmus | retorquēbāmus | retorquēbimus | retorsimus | retorserāmus | retorserimus |
| 2nd pl. | retorquētis | retorquēbātis | retorquēbitis | retorsistis | retorserātis | retorseritis |
| 3rd pl. | retorquent | retorquēbant | retorquēbunt | retorsērunt retorsēre | retorserant | retorserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retorqueam | retorquērem | retorserim | retorsissem |
| 2nd sg. | retorqueās | retorquērēs | retorserīs | retorsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | retorqueat | retorquēret | retorserit | retorsisset |
| 1st pl. | retorqueāmus | retorquērēmus | retorserīmus | retorsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | retorqueātis | retorquērētis | retorserītis | retorsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | retorqueant | retorquērent | retorserint | retorsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retorqueor | retorquēbar | retorquēbor |
| 2nd sg. | retorquēris retorquēre | retorquēbāris retorquēbāre | retorquēberis retorquēbere |
| 3rd sg. | retorquētur | retorquēbātur | retorquēbitur |
| 1st pl. | retorquēmur | retorquēbāmur | retorquēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | retorquēminī | retorquēbāminī | retorquēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | retorquentur | retorquēbantur | retorquēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | retorquear | retorquērer |
| 2nd sg. | retorqueāris retorqueāre | retorquērēris retorquērēre |
| 3rd sg. | retorqueātur | retorquērētur |
| 1st pl. | retorqueāmur | retorquērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | retorqueāminī | retorquērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | retorqueantur | retorquērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | retorquē | retorquēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | retorquēte | retorquēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | retorquētō | retorquētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | retorquētō | retorquētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | retorquētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | retorquentō | retorquentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | retorquēre | retorquērī |
| perfect infinitive | retorsisse | retortum esse |
| future infinitive | retortūrum esse | retortum īrī |
| present participle | retorquēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | retortus retorta, retortā, retortae, retortam, retortārum, retortās, retorte, retortī, retortīs, retortō, retortōrum, retortōs |
| future participle | retortūrus retortūra, retortūrā, retortūrae, retortūram, retortūrārum, retortūrās, retortūre, retortūrī, retortūrīs, retortūrō, retortūrōrum, retortūrōs, retortūrum | retorquendus retorquenda, retorquendā, retorquendae, retorquendam, retorquendārum, retorquendās, retorquende, retorquendīs, retorquendōrum, retorquendōs |
gerundretorquendī, retorquendō, retorquendumsupineretortum, retortū
rĕ-torquĕo, si, tum, 2, v. a.,
I. to twist or bend back; to turn or cast back (class.; cf. reflecto).
I. Lit.:
caput in sua terga (anguis), Ov. M. 3, 68: ora, id. ib. 4, 715: ora ad os Phoebi, id. ib. 11, 163: oculos saepe ad hanc urbem, * Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2: oculos, Ov. M. 10, 696: omnium oculos in se, Quint. Decl. 8, 8: tergo bracchia, Hor. C. 3, 5, 22; cf.: manibus retortis, id. Ep. 2, 1, 191: cervices, Plin. Pan. 34, 3: ferocis equi colla, Ov. H. 4, 79: pantherae terga, to wrap about, cast about, Verg. A. 8, 460: amictum, id. ib. 12, 400: crinem, to crisp, frizzle, Mart. 6, 39, 6: litore violenter undas, to drive back, repulse, Hor. C. 1, 2, 13: Rhoetum unguibus leonis, id. ib. 2, 19, 23: vela ab Euboïcis aquis, Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 84: viam, i. e. to return by the same way, Claud. Phaen. 27: de bysso retorta, Vulg. Exod. 26, 1: missilia in hostem, Curt. 6, 1, 15: quod me retorsisti (a morte), Quint. Decl. 17, 18. — Mid.: ubi paulatim retorqueri agmen ad dextram conspexerunt, to wheel around, * Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 3.—II. Trop.: animum ad praeterita, to turn or cast back, Sen. Ben. 3, 3, 3:
scelus in auctorem, Just. 34, 4, 2; cf.: crimina in eum, Dig. 38, 2, 14, § 6; and simply argumentum, to retort upon one's opponent, App. Flor. p. 360, 33: mentem, to alter, change, Verg. A. 12, 841.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
re-torqueō sī, tus, ēre,
to twist back, turn back, throw back: caput in sua terga (anguis), O.: ora ad os Phoebi, O.: oculos ad urbem: tergo bracchia, H.: manibus retortis, H.: pantherae terga, to throw around, V.: retortis Litore violenter undis, thrown back, H.: missilia in hostem, Cu.: retorqueri agmen ad dextram conspexerunt, wheeled back, Cs.—Fig., to change, alter: mentem, V.
Origins
- Proto-Italic*wre-
- Latinretorqueō
Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Proto-Indo-European *torkʷ-éye-ti Proto-Italic *torkʷejō Proto-Italic *torkʷeō Latin torqueō Latin retorqueō From re- + torqueō (“twist”).
Descendants
- Catalanretorquir
- Englishretort
- Frenchrétorquer
- Portugueseretorquir
In English words that came into English from retorqueō
- retortretortus