verbsecond conjugation
contorqueō
contorqueō (present infinitive contorquēre, perfect active contorsī, supine contortum)
Classical[kɔnˈtɔr.kʷe.oː]Ecclesiastical[konˈtɔr.kʷe.o]
Meaning
- to turn, twist, swing or whirl (together); contort
- to brandish, wield
- to turn, influence, sway
- to hurl or throw out violently, utter vehemently
- to hurl
Iuppiter hastam contorquet
Jupiter hurls a spear“Sīc fātus, validīs ingentem vīribus hastam in latus inque ferī curvam compāgibus alvum contorsit.” “[Laocoön] thus having spoken [about the horse], with mighty strength he hurled a huge spear at its flank, and into the curved frames of its beastly belly.” – Aeneas
29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.50–52
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
vī magnā iaciōcontorqueō -ēre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 11
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | contorqueō | contorquēbam | contorquēbō | contorsī | contorseram | contorserō |
| 2nd sg. | contorquēs | contorquēbās | contorquēbis | contorsistī | contorserās | contorseris |
| 3rd sg. | contorquet | contorquēbat | contorquēbit | contorsit | contorserat | contorserit |
| 1st pl. | contorquēmus | contorquēbāmus | contorquēbimus | contorsimus | contorserāmus | contorserimus |
| 2nd pl. | contorquētis | contorquēbātis | contorquēbitis | contorsistis | contorserātis | contorseritis |
| 3rd pl. | contorquent | contorquēbant | contorquēbunt | contorsērunt contorsēre | contorserant | contorserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | contorqueam | contorquērem | contorserim | contorsissem |
| 2nd sg. | contorqueās | contorquērēs | contorserīs | contorsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | contorqueat | contorquēret | contorserit | contorsisset |
| 1st pl. | contorqueāmus | contorquērēmus | contorserīmus | contorsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | contorqueātis | contorquērētis | contorserītis | contorsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | contorqueant | contorquērent | contorserint | contorsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | contorqueor | contorquēbar | contorquēbor |
| 2nd sg. | contorquēris contorquēre | contorquēbāris contorquēbāre | contorquēberis contorquēbere |
| 3rd sg. | contorquētur | contorquēbātur | contorquēbitur |
| 1st pl. | contorquēmur | contorquēbāmur | contorquēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | contorquēminī | contorquēbāminī | contorquēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | contorquentur | contorquēbantur | contorquēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | contorquear | contorquērer |
| 2nd sg. | contorqueāris contorqueāre | contorquērēris contorquērēre |
| 3rd sg. | contorqueātur | contorquērētur |
| 1st pl. | contorqueāmur | contorquērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | contorqueāminī | contorquērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | contorqueantur | contorquērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | contorquē | contorquēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | contorquēte | contorquēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | contorquētō | contorquētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | contorquētō | contorquētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | contorquētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | contorquentō | contorquentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | contorquēre | contorquērī |
| perfect infinitive | contorsisse | contortum esse |
| future infinitive | contortūrum esse | contortum īrī |
| present participle | contorquēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | contortus contorta, contortā, contortae, contortam, contortārum, contortās, contorte, contortī, contortīs, contortō, contortōrum, contortōs |
| future participle | contortūrus contortūra, contortūrā, contortūrae, contortūram, contortūrārum, contortūrās, contortūre, contortūrī, contortūrīs, contortūrō, contortūrōrum, contortūrōs, contortūrum | contorquendus contorquenda, contorquendā, contorquendae, contorquendam, contorquendārum, contorquendās, contorquende, contorquendīs, contorquendōrum, contorquendōs |
gerundcontorquendī, contorquendō, contorquendumsupinecontortum, contortū
con-torquĕo, torsi, tortum (also -torsum, acc. to Prisc. 9, p. 871 P.), 2,
I. v. a., to turn, twist, twirl, swing, whirl or brandish, etc. (class. in prose and poetry).
I. Lit.
A. Of weapons, arms, etc. (mostly poet.):
telum contortum validis viribus, Lucr. 1, 971; cf.: hastam viribus, Ov. M. 5, 32: lenta spicula lacertis, Verg. A. 7, 165: hastile adducto lacerto, id. ib. 11, 561: cuspidem lacerto, Ov. M. 8, 345: valido sceptrum lacerto, id. ib. 5, 422: (hastile) certo contorquens dirigit ictu, Verg. A. 12, 490: sed magnum stridens contorta phalarica venit, id. ib. 9, 705: hastam In latus, etc., id. ib. 2, 52; Quint. 9, 4, 8: telum in eum, Curt. 8, 14, 36.—B. Of other objects:
gubernaclum quolibet, Lucr. 4, 904; cf.: membra quocumque volt, Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120: tantum corpus, Lucr. 4, 900: globum eā celeritate, etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 10, 24; id. Arat. 61: equum magnā vi, Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 9: amnis in alium cursum contortos et deflexos videmus, Cic. Div. 1, 19, 38: proram ad laevas undas, Verg. A. 3, 562: silvas insano vortice, whirling them round in its raging whirlpool, id. G. 1, 481; cf. * Cat. 64, 107: frementes aquas subitis verticibus, Luc. 4, 102 Weber; cf. id. 3, 631; Sil. 3, 50: an omnis tempestas aeque mare illud contorqueat, Sen. Ep. 79, 1 al.: vertex est contorta in se aqua, Quint. 8, 2, 7: nubila fumo, Sil. 4, 309.—II. Trop. (mostly in Cic. and of rhet. matters;
the metaphor taken from missiles which are brandished, that they may be discharged with greater force): (auditor) tamquam machinatione aliquā tum ad severitatem, tum ad remissionem animi est contorquendus, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72.—So of discourse that is thrown out violently or forcibly, hurled: Demosthenis non tam vibrarent fulmina illa, nisi numeris contorta ferrentur, Cic. Or. 70, 234; cf. Quint. 10, 7, 14: quam rhetorice! quam copiose! quas sententias colligit! quae verba contorquet! ( = summā vi et impetu profert), hurls forth, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63; cf.: longas periodos uno spiritu, Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 4: deinde contorquent et ita concludunt, etc., twist the argument, Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106.— Hence, contortus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), of discourse. A. Brandished, hurled, full of motion, powerful, vehement, energetic, strong (rare;
mostly in Cic.): contorta et acris oratio, Cic. Or. 20, 66: vis (orationis), Quint. 10, 7, 14: levibus mulcentur et contortis excitantur, id. 9, 4, 116.—B. Involved, intricate, obscure, perplexed, complicated:
contortae et difficiles res, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 250: contorta et aculeata quaedam σοφίσματα, id. Ac. 2, 24, 75.—Adv.: con-tortē (acc. to II.), intricately, perplexedly: dicere, Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; Auct. Her. 1, 9, 15. —* Comp.: concluduntur a Stoicis, Cic. Tusc. 3, 10, 22.—Sup. not in use.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
con-torqueō torsī, tortus, ēre,
to turn, twist, twirl, swing, whirl, brandish, wield, hurl: globum celeritate: proram ad undas, V.: silvas insano vortice, V.—Of weapons: hastam viribus, O.: spicula lacertis, V.: hastarm In latus, etc., V.: excussae contorto verbere glandes, the sling, O.—Fig., to turn, influence: (auditor) ad remissionem animi est contorquendus. — Of utterance, to hurl forth, throw out: verba.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
- Proto-Italic*kom
- Proto-Italic*kom-
- Latincontorqueō
Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Proto-Indo-European *torkʷ-éye-ti Proto-Italic *torkʷejō Proto-Italic *torkʷeō Latin torqueō Latin contorqueō From con- + torqueō (“twist”).
Descendants
- Catalancontòrcer-se
- Italiancontorcere
- Portuguesecontorcer
- Spanishcontorcer
- Englishcontort