noun · femininefirst declension
pugna
pugna f (genitive pugnae)
Classical[ˈpʊŋ.na]Ecclesiastical[ˈpuɲ.ɲa]
№ 650 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- femininea fight, battle, combat, action
- femininea line of battle, troops drawn up for battle
- femininea contest, dispute, quarrel
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
certāmen armīs.pugna -ae f — in Mille Verba, Bellum et Arma
single fight
pugna -ae — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 12, 15, 19
battle
pugna — in Seneca, ch. XX
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Pugna · Acies · Prœlium
Pugna (πυκνή, πύξ,) denotes in a general sense, any conflict, from a single combat to the bloodiest pitched battle, like μάχη; acies, the conflict of two contending armies drawn up in battle array with tactical skill, the pitched battle; prœlium (from πρύλεες) the occasional rencounter of separate divisions of the armies, as an engagement, action, skirmish, like συμβολή. (v. 189.) [No: prœlium is frequently used of general engagements: e.g. illustrissimum est prœlium apud Platæas. Nep.]
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pugna pugnicula | pugnae pugniculae |
| genitive | pugnae pugniculae | pugnārum pugniculārum |
| dative | pugnae pugniculae | pugnīs pugniculīs |
| accusative | pugnam pugniculam | pugnās pugniculās |
| ablative | pugnā pugniculā | pugnīs pugniculīs |
| vocative | pugna pugnicula | pugnae pugniculae |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- pugnam navalem facere
- to fight a battle at sea.
- diu anceps stetit pugna
- the issue of the day was for a long time uncertain.
- pugnam detrectare (Liv. 3. 60)
- to decline battle.
- locum ad pugnam idoneum deligere
- to choose suitable ground for an engagement.
- diem pugnae constituere (B. G. 3. 24)
- to fix a day for the engagement.
- proelio (ad pugnam) hostes lacessere, provocare
- to provoke the enemy to battle.
- triumphum agere de or ex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
- to triumph over some one.
- superiorem (opp. inferiorem), victorem (proelio, pugna) discedere
- to come off victorious.
pugna, ae, f. root pug, in pugno and pungo; cf. pugil, prop.
I. a fight fist to fist, man to man; hence, in gen., a fight between individuals or armies, a battle, combat, action, engagement (cf.: dimicatio, proelium).
I. Lit.:
dictator eam pugnam laudibus tulit (of the single combat of Torquatus), Liv. 7, 10 fin.: nonnumquam res ad manus atque ad pugnam veniebat, came to blows, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28; Liv. 2, 46: diuturnitate pugnae defessi proelio excedebant, Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 3: alii nuntiant dictatori omnes legiones Etruscorum capessisse pugnam, Liv. 10, 5, 41: ex omnibus pugnis (Pompeii), quae sunt innumerabiles, Cic. Mur. 16, 34: exitus pugnarum, id. Mil. 21, 56: equestris, a cavalry action, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122: magna, Liv. 22, 7: pedestris, Verg. A. 11, 707: Actia, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 61: navalis, Nep. Arist. 2, 1: gladiatorum, Suet. Aug. 45: prospera, Suet. Calig. 35: mala, Sall. J. 56, 3; Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54: singularis, a duel, Macr. S. 5, 2.—II. Transf.
A. Troops drawn up for battle, a line of battle (rare):
ordinata per principes hastatosque ac triarios pugna, Liv. 22, 5: mediam pugnam tueri, the middle line, central division, id. 22, 45; cf.: segregat pugnam eorum, id. 1, 25: pugnam mutare, Curt. 3, 2, 14.—B. A battle, contest, dispute, quarrel, in gen. (rare but class.):
dabo aliam pugnam magnam, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 110: pugnam conserui seni, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 43; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 60: quanta pugna est doctissimorum hominum, Cic. Div. 2, 51, 105: initurus forensium certaminum pugnam, Quint. 5, 12, 22; 8, 6, 1; 5, 7, 35: pugna inter testem et patronum, id. 6, 4, 21: rerum naturae pugna secum, Plin. 2, 33, 38, § 102: audiet pugnas juventus, stories of battle, Hor. C. 1, 2, 23: pugnas bibit aure vulgus, id. ib. 2, 13, 31.—In mal. part., Mart. 10, 38, 6.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
pūgna ae, f
PAC-, a hand-to-hand fight, fight at close quarters, battle, combat, action, engagement : eam pugnam laudibus tulit, i. e. the single combat , L.: res ad pugnam atque ad manūs vocabatur, came to blows : diuturnitate pugnae defessi, Cs.: magna, L.: equestris, a cavalry action : pedestris, V.: gladiatoria: navalis, N.: calamitosissima: mala, S.: Quinquennis Graia Elide pugna, i. e. the games , O.— Troops drawn up for battle, a line of battle : mediam pugnam tueri, the middle line , L.: segregat pugnam eorum, L.: pugnam mutare, Cu. — A battle, contest, dispute, quarrel : Dabit hic pugnam aliquam denuo, i. e. will make some new trouble , T.: doctissimorum hominum: Audiet pugnas iuventus, stories of battle , H.
Origins
From pugnō (“to fight”), from pugnus (“a fist”).