verbfourth conjugation, no present stem, perfect active forms have present active meaning, deponent in the perfect
ōdī
ōdī (present infinitive ōdisse, perfect active ōsus sum)
Classical[ˈoː.diː]Ecclesiastical[ˈɔː.di]
№ 790 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- activedeponentperfectto have an aversion towards, to hate, dislike
Quid est enim, Catilīna, quod tē iam in hāc urbe dēlectāre possit? — in quā nēmō est extrā istam coniūrātiōnem perditōrum hominum, quī tē nōn metuat, nēmō quī nōn ōderit.
For what is there, Catiline, that can now delight you in this city? — in which there is no one outside that conspiracy of desperate men who does not fear you, no one who does not hate you.63 BCE, Cicero, In Catilinam orationes 1.13Persicōs ōdī, puer, apparātūs, displicent nexae philyrā corōnae.|trans=My boy: I hate the filigree of Persia.Linden-sewn garlands chafe me with their glamor.
23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 1.38.1–2 - activedeponentperfectwith infinitiveto feel reluctant to, to hate to, to be loath to
Laetus in praesēns animus quod ultrā est ōderit cūrāre[…]
And let the mind that’s happy in the moment ’Bout that which lies before be loath to worry23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horatius, Carmina 2.16
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
contrārium amāre: quem ōdī, inimīcus meus est.ōdī ōdisse — in Mille Verba, Animus et Adfectūs
odiō habeōōdī, ōdērunt — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 16
nōn amō, aversorōdī — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 4, 12
contrā aliquem animō sumōdī -isse — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 10
hates
ōdit — in Seneca, ch. II
Conjugation conjugation 4 deponent perfect present
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | ōdī | ōderam | ōderō | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | ōdistī | ōderās | ōderis | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | ōdit | ōderat | ōderit | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | ōdimus | ōderāmus | ōderimus | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | ōdistis | ōderātis | ōderitis | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | ōdērunt ōdēre | ōderant | ōderint | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | ōderim | ōdissem | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | ōderīs | ōdissēs | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | ōderit | ōdisset | — | — |
| 1st pl. | ōderīmus | ōdissēmus | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | ōderītis | ōdissētis | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | ōderint | ōdissent | — | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | ōdisse | — |
| perfect infinitive | ōsum esse | — |
| future infinitive | ōsūrum esse | — |
| perfect participle | ōsus ōsa, ōsā, ōsae, ōsam, ōsārum, ōsās, ōse, ōsī, ōsīs, ōsō, ōsōrum, ōsōs | — |
| future participle | ōsūrus ōsūra, ōsūrā, ōsūrae, ōsūram, ōsūrārum, ōsūrās, ōsūre, ōsūrī, ōsūrīs, ōsūrō, ōsūrōrum, ōsūrōs, ōsūrum | — |
supineōsum, ōsū
ōdi, ōdisse (old form of the
I. pres., odio: osi sunt ab odio, declinasse antiquos testis est C. Gracchus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll. From this are formed:
odis, Ambros. in Psa. 118, 17; odiant, Arn. in Psa. 37; odiebant, id. Psa. 73; odies, Tert. adv, Marc. 4, 35; odiet, Hier. Ep. 22, 31; odivi, Vulg. Psa. 118, 104; odientes, id. Deut. 7, 10; Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 16; odiendi, App. Dogm. Plat. 3 init. —Pass. oditur, Tert. Apol. 3 fin.; Vulg. Ecclus. 20, 8: odiremur, Hier. Ep. 43, 2: oderem and odere, acc. to Charis. p. 228 P.—Collat. form of the perf. osus sum, C. Gracch. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.; Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 19; Gell. 4, 8; and odivit, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13. 19, 42), v. a. Sanscr. root badh-, strike, thrust; Gr. ὠθέω. I. To hate (class.; cf.: detestor, abominor, aversor, abhorreo); constr. with acc. of the person or thing, with inf. or absol.
(a). With acc.:
quem omnes oderunt quā viri quā mulieres, Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 15: uxor ruri est tua, quam dudum dixeras te odisse aeque atque angues, id. Merc. 4, 4, 20 sq.: quid enim odisset Clodium Milo, Cic. Mil. 13, 35: aliquem acerbe et penitus, id. Clu. 61, 171: lucemque odit, Ov. M. 2, 383: vitam, id. ib. 7, 583: scelus est odisse parentem, id. ib. 10, 314: qui hominem odiit, Tert. Anim. 10: semper eos osi sunt, C. Gracch. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.: quas (partes) Pompeius odivit, M. Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 42.—(b). With inf.:
inimicos semper osa sum obtuerier, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 19: peccare, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52; cf. id. C. 2, 16, 26.—(g). Absol.: oderint dum metuant, Att. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 28, 97 (Trag. Rel. p. 136 Rib.); cf. Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 59:
ita amare oportere, ut si aliquando esset osurus, Cic. Lael. 16, 59; id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43: neque studere neque odisse, Sall. C. 51, 13: furialiter, Ov. F. 3, 637: sic objurgans, quasi oderint, Quint. 2, 2, 7; 7, 2, 37 al.— II. Transf., in gen., to dislike; to be displeased or vexed at any thing:
illud rus, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 7: Persicos apparatus, Hor. C. 1, 38, 1: odi cum cera vacat, Ov. Am. 1, 11, 20.—Of subjects not personal: ruta odit hiemem et umorem ac fimum, Plin. 19, 8, 45, § 156.—Esp.: se odisse, to be ill at ease, discontented, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 13; Juv. 7, 35.—Pass.: oditur ergo in hominibus innocuis etiam nomen innocuum, Tert. Apol. 3: si de mundo non essemus, odiremur a mundo, Hier. Ep. 43, n. 2 (but in class. Lat. the pass. of odi is odio esse; v. odium).Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ōdī (ōdīvit, Anton. ap. C.), ōsūrus, ōdisse, defect.
1 OD-, to hate: oderint dum metuant: ita amare, ut si aliquando esset osurus: furialiter, O.: Miris modis Sostratam, T.: quid enim odisset Clodium Milo: parentem, O.: peccare, H.—To dislike, be displeased with, be vexed: Persicos apparatūs, H.: odi cum cera vacat, O.: se odit senectus, is discontented, Iu.
Origins
Inherited from Proto-Italic *ōdai, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃e-h₃ód-e ~ h₃e-h₃d-ḗr, reduplicated perfect from the root *h₃ed- (“to hate; to start hating?”).
Borrowings
- Catalanodiar
- Italianodiare
- Portugueseodiar
- Spanishodiar
- Asturianodiar
- Dalmatianodiur
- Galicianodiar
- Idoodiar
- Papiamentuodiafrom Spanish odiar
Elsewhere
- Italianuggirefrom Vulgar Latin *odiō
- Old Catalanujarfrom Vulgar Latin *odiō