noun · neuterthird declension
iūs1
iūs n (genitive iūris)
Classical[ˈjuːs]Ecclesiastical[ˈjus]
№ 314 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- law, right
Ius summum saepe summa est malitia.
Supreme law is often supreme malice.163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 4.796 - subjective right, individual right
- court of law
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
quod lēgēs permittunt; iūstitia.iūs iūris n — in Mille Verba, Urbs et Aedificia
prōmissum sacrumiūs iūrandum (n) — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 15, IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 7 and Metamorphoses I, ch. 4
id quod lēx permittitiūs, iūris (n) — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 2
quod licet, aequumiūs, iūris (n) — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 19
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Consuetudo · Mos · Ritus · Cærimonia
Consuetudo denotes the uniform observance of anything as a custom, arising from itself, and having its foundation in the inclination or convenience of an individual or people, ἔθος; whereas mos (modus) is the habitual observance of anything, as a product of reason, and of the self-conscious will, and has its foundation in moral views, or the clear dictates of right, virtue, and decorum, ἦθος; lastly, ritus denotes the hallowed observance of anything, either implanted by nature as an instinct, or introduced by the gods as a ceremony, or which, at any rate, cannot be traced to any human origin. Consuetudines are merely factitious, and have no moral worth; mores are morally sanctioned by silent consent, as jura and leges by formal decree; ritus (from ἀριθμός, ῥυθμός), are natural, and are hallowed by their primæval origin, and are peculiar to the animal. (v. 75.) 2. Ritus is a hallowed observance, as directed and taught by the gods or by nature; whereas cærimonia (κηδεμονία) is that which is employed in the worship of the gods.
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | iūs | iūra |
| genitive | iūris | iūrum |
| dative | iūrī | iūribus |
| accusative | iūs Īum | iūra |
| ablative | iūre | iūribus |
| vocative | iūs | iūra |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- iusto iure
- with perfect right.
- ius dicere
- to administer justice (said of the praetor).
- ius nullum
- absence of justice.
- optimo iure
- with full right.
- ius suum persequi
- to assert one's right.
- contra ius fasque
- against all law, human and divine.
- meo (tuo, suo) iure
- with perfect right.
- ius gentium violare
- to violate the law of nations.
23 more phrases
- recte, iure id quidem
- quite rightly.
- sui iuris factum esse
- to have become independent, be no longer a minor.
- ius ad artem redigere
- to reduce law to a system.
- omnia iura pervertere
- to trample all law under foot.
- et recte (iure) quidem
- quite rightly.
- ius ac fas omne delere
- to trample all law under foot.
- et recte (iure, merito)
- quite rightly.
- ius reddere (Liv. 3. 33)
- to administer justice (said of the praetor).
- ius suum tenere, obtinere
- to maintain one's right.
- respondere (de iure or ius)
- to give a legal opinion, decision on points of law.
- aequo iure vivere cum aliquo
- to live with some one on an equal footing.
- cavere (in iure) (Off. 2. 65)
- to point out what precautions, what formal steps must be taken to insure immunity.
- de iure suo decedere or cedere
- to waive one's right.
- (ex) iure, lege agere cum aliquo
- to go to law with a person.
- ius suum adipisci (Liv. 1. 32. 10)
- to obtain justice.
- in ius, in iudicium vocare aliquem
- to summon some one before the court.
- aequa iuris descriptio (Off. 2. 4. 15)
- a sound judicial system.
- civitati leges, iudicia, iura describere
- to give the state a constitution.
- optimo iure (cf. summo iure, sect. XV. 1).
- legitimately; with the fullest right.
- populum liberum esse, libertate uti, sui iuris esse pati
- to grant a people its independence.
- omnia divina humanaque iura permiscentur (B. C. 1. 6. 8)
- anarchy reigns supreme.
- ius praecipuum, beneficium, donum, also immunitas c. Gen.
- prerogative, privilege.
jūs, jūris, n. kindred to Sanscr. yūsh, the same; cf. Gr. ζωμός,
I. broth, soup, sauce (class.):
cum una multa jura confundit cocus, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 120: quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent, Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17: in jus vocat pisces cocus, Varr. R. R. 3, 9: negavit, se jure illo nigro delectatum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98: in ea cena cocus meus praeter jus fervens nihil potuit imitari, id. Fam. 9, 20, 2: tepidum, Hor. S. 1, 3, 81: male conditum, id. ib. 2, 8, 69.—In a sarcastic lusus verbb.: Verrinum, hog-broth, or the justice of Verres, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 121.—II. Transf., juice, mixture:
addita creta in jus idem, the juice of the purple-fish, Plin. 35, 6, 26, § 44.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
iūs iūris, n
IV-, broth, soup, sauce: hesternum, T.: fervens: tepidum, H.—In a pun: Verrinum, hog-broth (the justice of Verres).
iūs iūris (dat. iūre, L.; plur. only nom. and acc.), n
IV-, that which is binding, right, justice, duty: ius hominum situm est in societate, etc.: obtinere, maintain: de iure alicui respondere, lay down the law: clienti promere iura, H.: qui Romae ius dicit, sits as judge: iura populis dare, V.: publicum, common right, T.: iura communia, equal rights: gentium, universal law: si ab iure gentium sese (populus R.) prohibuerit, the law of nations, S.: civile, civil law: coniugialia, O.: iuris nodos solvere, Iu.: hoc iure molesti Quo fortes, i. e. on the same principle as, etc., H.—Abl adverb., by right, rightfully, with justice, justly: tibi iure irasci, T.: iure ac merito: optimo iure: iusto iure, L.: non agam summo iure tecum, i. e. with the utmost rigor: ‘summum ius, summa iniuria.’—A place where justice is administered, court of justice: in ius ambula, before a magistrate, T.: in ius ire, N.: ad praetorem in ius adire: in ius acres procurrent, H.: raptus in ius ad regem, L.: de controversiis iure disceptare, Cs.: Iura magistratūsque legunt, judges, V.—Justice, justness: causae, L.—Legal right, power, authority, permission, prerogative: omnia Pro meo iure agere, exert my authority in, T.: scio meum ius esse, ut te cogam, I have the right, T.: nullius earum rerum consuli ius est, S.: materiae caedendae, L.: civitatis, citizenship: capiendi, Iu.: testandi, Iu.: patrium, the power of life and death over one's children, L.: (homo) sui iuris, his own master, independent.—An oath: iuris peierati poena, H.
iūs iūrandum
(often as one word, iūsiūr-), iuris iurandi, an oath: Dabo ius iurandum nil esse, T.: ad ius iurandum popularīs adigere, S.: idem ius iurandum adigit Afranium, made him take, Cs.: iure iurando civitatem obstringere, bind under oath, Cs.: iure iurando teneri, be bound by an oath.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *jowos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew- (“straight, right”), an extended form of the root *h₂ey- (“vital force, age”) (the source of aevum and iuvenis). Cognate with Sanskrit योस् (yós), Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬊𐬲𐬛𐬁 (yaoždā).
Borrowings
- GermanJura
- GermanJus
- Italianius
- Italianjus
- Italiangius
- Italiangiure
- Italiangiusso
- Portuguesejus
- Sicilianjussu
Ibero-Romance
- Portuguesejurofrom Old Galician-Portuguese jur
- Spanishjurfrom Old Spanish jur
- Spanishjurofrom Old Spanish jur
- Asturianxuru
- Galicianxurofrom Old Galician-Portuguese jur
Italo-Romance
- Italiangiuro
- Italiangiura