verbthird conjugation, suppletive
auferō
auferō (present infinitive auferre, perfect active abstulī, supine ablātum)
Classical[ˈau̯.fɛ.roː]Ecclesiastical[ˈaːu̯.fe.ro]
№ 556 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- literallypoeticsuppletiveusually(of bodies) to bear or carry away, sweep away by wings, the winds, waves, or any other quick motion; waft away, sweep away
- figurativelyliterallysuppletiveto take away, carry off, etc.
“Ille meōs, prīmus quī mē sibi iūnxit, amōrēs
“That [man], who first joined himself to me, he has taken away all my love; may that [man] hold [it] with him, and guard [it] in his grave.” (Dido speaks of her dead husband, Sychaeus.)29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.28-29 - figurativelyliterallysuppletiveto mislead, deceive
- especiallysuppletiveto take or snatch away; take by force, remove, take away violently, abduct, rob, steal, snatch, confiscate
auferre aliquid ab aliquo
to steal something from someonealicui caput auferre
to behead someone - especiallypoeticsuppletiveto take off or away, destroy, kill, slay, consume
- especiallysuppletiveto separate, sever, divide (of places)
- especiallysuppletiveto lay aside (some action, manner of speaking, etc.); cease from, desist from, leave off
coeptos auferte labores
lay aside the works that have been started - especiallymetonymicallysuppletive(effect for cause) to carry off (as the fruit or result of one's labor, exertions, errors, etc.); obtain, gain, get, receive, acquire
- especiallyfigurativelymetonymicallysuppletiveto carry away (the knowledge of a thing); learn, understand
- suppletiveto banish, dispel
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ā locō ferō; fūr vestem aliēnam aufert.auferō -ferre abstulī — in Mille Verba, Thermae
tollō, adimōauferō -ferre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 7
ā aliquō tollō, ēripiōauferō -ferre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 6
was being taken away
auferēbātur — in Seneca, ch. XIII
takes away
aufert — in Seneca, ch. XIII
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Demere · Adimere · Eximere · Auferre · Eripere · Surripere · Furari
1. Demere, adimere, and eximere, denote a taking away without force or fraud; demere (from de-imere) means to take away a part from a whole, which thereby becomes less, in opp. to addere, or adjicere. Cic. Orat. ii. 25. Fam. i. 7. Acad. iv. 16. Cels. i. 3. Liv. ii. 60; adimere, to take away a possession from its possessor, who thereby becomes poorer, in opp. to dare and reddere. Cic. Verr. i. 52. Fam. viii. 10. Phil. xi. 8. Suet. Aug. 48. Tac. Ann. xiii. 56; eximere, to remove an evil from a person oppressed by it, whereby he feels himself lightened. 2. Auferre, eripere, surripere, and furari, involve the notion of an illegal and unjust taking away; auferre, as a general expression for taking away anything; eripere, by force to snatch away; surripere and furari, secretly and by cunning; but surripere may be used for taking away privily, even when just and prudent self-defence may be pleaded as the motive; whereas furari (φωρᾶν, φέρω) is only applicable to the mean handicraft of the thief. Sen. Prov. 5. Quid opus fuit auferre? accipere potuistis; sed ne nunc quidem auferetis, quia nihil eripitu nisi retinenti. Cic. Verr. i. 4, 60. Si quis clam surripiat aut eripiat palam atque auferat: and ii. 1, 3. Non furem sed ereptorem. (iv. 123.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | auferō | auferēbam | auferam | abstulī | abstuleram | abstulerō |
| 2nd sg. | aufers | auferēbās | auferēs | abstulistī | abstulerās | abstuleris |
| 3rd sg. | aufert | auferēbat | auferet | abstulit | abstulerat | abstulerit |
| 1st pl. | auferimus | auferēbāmus | auferēmus | abstulimus | abstulerāmus | abstulerimus |
| 2nd pl. | aufertis | auferēbātis | auferētis | abstulistis | abstulerātis | abstuleritis |
| 3rd pl. | auferunt | auferēbant | auferent | abstulērunt abstulēre | abstulerant | abstulerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | auferam | auferrem | abstulerim | abstulissem |
| 2nd sg. | auferās | auferrēs | abstulerīs | abstulissēs |
| 3rd sg. | auferat | auferret | abstulerit | abstulisset |
| 1st pl. | auferāmus | auferrēmus | abstulerīmus | abstulissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | auferātis | auferrētis | abstulerītis | abstulissētis |
| 3rd pl. | auferant | auferrent | abstulerint | abstulissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | auferor | auferēbar | auferar |
| 2nd sg. | auferris auferre | auferēbāris auferēbāre | auferēris auferēre |
| 3rd sg. | aufertur | auferēbātur | auferētur |
| 1st pl. | auferimur | auferēbāmur | auferēmur |
| 2nd pl. | auferiminī | auferēbāminī | auferēminī |
| 3rd pl. | auferuntur | auferēbantur | auferentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | auferar | auferrer |
| 2nd sg. | auferāris auferāre | auferrēris auferrēre |
| 3rd sg. | auferātur | auferrētur |
| 1st pl. | auferāmur | auferrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | auferāminī | auferrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | auferantur | auferrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | aufer | auferre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | auferte | auferiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | aufertō | aufertor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | aufertō | aufertor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | aufertōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | auferuntō | auferuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | auferre | auferrī |
| perfect infinitive | abstulisse | ablātum esse |
| future infinitive | ablātūrum esse | ablātum īrī |
| present participle | auferēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | ablātus |
| future participle | ablātūrus ablātūra, ablātūrā, ablātūrae, ablātūram, ablātūrārum, ablātūrās, ablātūre, ablātūrī, ablātūrīs, ablātūrō, ablātūrōrum, ablātūrōs, ablātūrum | auferendus auferundus, auferenda, auferendā, auferendae, auferendam, auferendārum, auferendās, auferende, auferendīs, auferendōrum, auferendōs |
gerundauferendī, auferendō, auferendumsupineablātum, ablātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- palmam ferre, auferre
- to win the prize.
- inter manus auferre aliquem
- to carry some one away in one's arms.
- responsum ab aliquo ferre, auferre
- to extract an answer from some one.
- spem alicui adimere, tollere, auferre, eripere
- to deprive a person of hope.
aufĕro, abstŭli, ablātum, auferre, v. a. ab-fero; cf. ab init.,
I. to take or bear off or away, to carry off, withdraw, remove (very freq. in prose and poetry; syn.: tollo, fero, rapio, eripio, diripio, adimo, averto).
I. In gen.
A. 1.. Lit.:
ab januā stercus, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 18: dona, id. Am. prol. 139: aurum atque ornamenta abs te, id. Mil. 4, 1, 36: abstulit eos a conspectu, Vulg. 4 Reg. 17, 18: auferas me de terrā hac, ib. Gen. 47, 30: vos istaec intro auferte, Ter. And. 1, 1, 1: Auferte ista hinc, Vulg. Joan. 2, 16: aether multos secum levis abstulit ignīs, Lucr. 5, 459; 3, 230; 3, 439; 3, 717; 5, 205; 5, 725; 6, 622; Turp. ap. Non. p. 422, 21: multa domum suam auferebat, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8 fin.: liberi per delectus alibi servituri auferuntur (a Romanis), are carried away, Tac. Agr. 31: quem vi abstulerant servi, Vulg. Gen. 21, 25.—So of sick persons, or those unable to walk: auferere, non abibis, si ego fustem sumpsero, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 202 (cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 298: lumbifragium hinc auferes): asoti, qui in mensam vomant et qui de conviviis auferantur, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23. —Auferre se, in colloquial lang., to remove one's self, to withdraw, retire, go away: Te, obsecro hercle, aufer modo, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 93: aufer te domum, id. As. 2, 4, 63.— 2. Of bodies that are borne away by wings, by the winds, waves, or any other quick motion, to bear or carry away, sweep away, etc. (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose):
aliquem ad scopulum e tranquillo auferre, Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 8: unda rates, Prop. 1, 8, 14: auferor in scopulos, Ov. M. 9, 593: auferet, id. ib. 15, 292 al.: in silvam pennis ablata refugit, Verg. A. 3, 258; 11, 867: ne te citus auferat axis, Ov. M. 2, 75: vento secundo vehementi satis profecti celeriter e conspectu terrae ablati sunt, Liv. 29, 27: (Bubo) volat numquam quo libuit, sed transversus aufertur, Plin. 10, 12, 16, § 35: (milites) pavore fugientium auferebantur, Tac. A. 4, 73.—B. Trop., to carry away, mislead:
te hortor, ut omnia gubernes prudentiā tuā, ne te auferant aliorum consilia, Cic. Fam. 2, 7: abstulerunt me velut de spatio Graecae res immixtae Romanis, i. e. have diverted, withdrawn me, from the subject, Liv. 35, 40: quae contemplatio aufert nos ad ipsorum animalium naturas, Plin. 27, 13, 120, § 145: auferre aliquem traversum, id. 28, 1, 1, § 1 Jan: ab intentione auferendus auditor, Quint. 4, 5, 6: somnus aufert, Hor. S. 1, 5, 83: auferimur cultu, i. e. decipimur, are deceived, duped, Ov. R. Am. 343.—II. Esp.,
A. 1.. To take or snatch away; in a good, but more frequently in a bad sense, to take by force, to remove, withdraw, take away violently, rob, steal, etc.:
aliquid eris, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 8: quod auri, quod argenti, quod ornamentorum in meis urbibus fuit, id mihi tu, C. Verres, eripuisti atque abstulisti, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19: ab hoc abaci vasa omnia abstuiit, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16; so, pecuniam de aerario, id. Att. 7, 21: pecuniam in ventre, to eat up, to squander, id. de Or. 2, 66, 265: auriculam mordicus, to bite off, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 4: vestimentum, Vulg. Luc. 6, 29: hi ludi dies quindecim auferent, Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 31: imperium indignis, Liv. 3, 67: legionem, Tac. H. 4, 48: consulatum, censuram, id. ib. 1, 52: auferat omnia irrita oblivio si potest, Liv. 28, 29: spem, voluntatem defensionis, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7: fervorem et audaciam, Liv. 3, 12: obsequia, Tac. H. 1, 80: misericordiam, id. ib. 3, 84: spem veniae, id. A. 14, 23: studium, Cat. 68, 19 sq.; and so Hor. C. 3, 12, 5: metus, to banish, Verg. A. 12, 316: curas, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 26: somnos, id. C. 2, 16, 16; id. Epod. 5, 96: pudorem, Ov. M. 6, 617: fugam, to hinder, prevent, Flor. 3, 10, 3 al.— 2. To take off or away, to destroy, consume, kill, slay, etc. (mostly poet. or in the Aug. histt.):
Tam bellum mihi passerem abstulistis, Cat. 3, 15: abstulit clarum cita mors Achillem, Hor. C. 2, 16, 29; so id. Epod. 5, 66; id. S. 1, 9, 31: Auferat hora duos eadem, Ov. M. 8, 709; 15, 157: Labienum Varumque acies abstulit, Vell. 2, 55 fin.: Quidquid hinc aut illinc communis Mors belli aufert, Liv. 7, 8; Flor. 3, 17, 9 al.: Interea quodcumque fuit populabile flammae, Mulciber abstulerat, had consumed, Ov. M. 9, 263; 14, 575.—3. Of places, to separate, sever, divide:
mare septem stadiorum intervallo Europam auferens Asiae, Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 75: Armenia Euphrate amne aufertur Cappadociae, id. 6, 9, 9, § 25. —B. To lay aside some action, manner of speaking, etc.; to cease from, desist from, leave off: proinde istaec tua aufer terricula, Att. ap. Non. p. 227, 31:
jurgium hinc auferas, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 19: aufer nugas, id. Truc. 4, 4, 8; id. Curc. 2, 1, 30: pollicitationes aufer, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 17: Ge. Id nosmet ipsos facere oportet, Phaedria. Ph. Aufer mi "oportet:" quin tu, quod faciam, impera, id. ib. 1, 4, 45 Ruhnk. (cf. Juv. 6, 170): Aufer abhinc lacrimas, Lucr. 3, 955: insolentiam, Phaedr. 3, 6, 8; so absol.: Insanis? Aufer! away! (where nugas may be supplied, as in Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 8), Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 14.—With inf. as object: aufer Me vultu terrere, Hor. S. 2, 7, 43.—C. Meton., effect for cause, to carry off (as the fruit or result of one's labor, exertions, errors, etc.), to obtain, get, receive, acquire:
Ecquas viginti minas Paritas ut auferas a me? Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 71; 1, 5, 90; id. Curc. 5, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 2, 56; 2, 2, 9; id. Most. 4, 1, 32; Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62: id inultum numquam auferet, id. And. 3, 5, 4; id. Ad. 3, 4, 8 (cf. id. And. 1, 2, 4): paucos dies ab aliquo, to obtain a few days' respite, Cic. Quinct. 5, 20: quis umquam ad arbitrum quantum petiit, tantum abstulit? id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12; so, responsum ab aliquo, id. de Or. 1, 56, 239: decretum, id. Att. 16, 16, A: diploma, id. Fam. 6, 12, 3: praemium, Suet. Gram. 17. —Also with ut: ut in foro statuerent (statuas), abstulisti, you have carried the point that they etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59 (so, adsequi, ut, Tac. G. 35).—Trop., to carry away the knowledge of a thing, to learn, understand: quis est in populo Romano, qui hoc non ex priore actione abstulerit? has not learned, does not know, Cic Verr. 2, 1, 8.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
auferō abstulī, ablātus, auferre
ab + fero, to take away, bear off, carry off, withdraw, remove: istaec intro, T.: e proelio auferri: multa domum suam: liberi per delectūs auferuntur, Ta.: caput domino, V.: Ille sibi ablatus, robbed of his own form, O.: illi vertice crinem, taken from her head, V.: auferri e conspectu, to disappear, L. — Of waves, wind, etc., to carry away, waft, bear, whirl: alquem ad scopulum e tranquillo, T.: auferor in scopulos, O.: in silvam pennis ablata, V. — To carry off, snatch away, rob, steal: a nobis hoc, T.: ab hoc abaci vasa omnia: pecuniam de aerario. —To sweep away, destroy, kill, slay: abstulit mors Achillem, H.: quidquid mors aufert, L.: alqd Mulciber abstulerat, had consumed, O. — Fig., to carry off, gain, obtain, get, receive: inultum numquam id auferet, T.: paucos dies ab aliquo: ut in foro statuerent (statuas), abstulisti, i. e. have prevailed. — To carry away, learn, understand: hoc non ex priore actione, posse, etc.—To get off, escape: haud sic auferent, T.—To take away, snatch away, remove: hi ludi dies quindecim auferent, take up: imperium indignis, from the unworthy, L.: conspectum eius contioni, deprives, L.: vitam senibus: spem: fervorem, L.: metūs, V.: somnos, H.: me velut de spatio, from my subject, L.: fortassis et istinc abstulerit aetas, will free me from them, H.: pollicitationes aufer, away with, T.: aufer Me voltu terrere, desist, H.
Origins
From au- (“from, away, off”) + ferō (“to bear, carry, bring”). Whether the prefix au- is identical to ab- is the source of much controversy; see au- for more.
Descendants
- Portugueseauferir
- Portugueseabladar
- Englishablate
- Frenchablater
- Italianablare
- Spanishabladar
In English words that came into English from auferō
- ablativeablātīvus
- ablationablātiō
- ablateablātus