verbfirst conjugation
fricō
fricō (present infinitive fricāre, perfect active fricuī, supine frictum or fricātum)
Classical[ˈfrɪ.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈfriː.ko]
Meaning
- to rub
- to chafe
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Lævis · Glaber · Fricare · Terere
1. Lævis, levis, (λεῖος) means smooth, in opp. to rough and rugged, and gives a pleasant impression of elegance; whereas glaber (γλαφυρός) in opp. to rough, covered with hair, and grown up, and gives an unpleasant impression of deficiency. 2. Fricare means to rub, and thereby make smooth, like ψήχειν; whereas terere (τείρειν) means to rub, and thereby make less, like τρίβειν.
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fricō | fricābam | fricābō | fricuī | fricueram | fricuerō |
| 2nd sg. | fricās | fricābās | fricābis | fricuistī | fricuerās | fricueris |
| 3rd sg. | fricat | fricābat | fricābit | fricuit | fricuerat | fricuerit |
| 1st pl. | fricāmus | fricābāmus | fricābimus | fricuimus | fricuerāmus | fricuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | fricātis | fricābātis | fricābitis | fricuistis | fricuerātis | fricueritis |
| 3rd pl. | fricant | fricābant | fricābunt | fricuērunt fricuēre | fricuerant | fricuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fricem | fricārem | fricuerim | fricuissem |
| 2nd sg. | fricēs | fricārēs | fricuerīs | fricuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | fricet | fricāret | fricuerit | fricuisset |
| 1st pl. | fricēmus | fricārēmus | fricuerīmus | fricuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | fricētis | fricārētis | fricuerītis | fricuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | fricent | fricārent | fricuerint | fricuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fricor | fricābar | fricābor |
| 2nd sg. | fricāris fricāre | fricābāris fricābāre | fricāberis fricābere |
| 3rd sg. | fricātur | fricābātur | fricābitur |
| 1st pl. | fricāmur | fricābāmur | fricābimur |
| 2nd pl. | fricāminī | fricābāminī | fricābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | fricantur | fricābantur | fricābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fricer | fricārer |
| 2nd sg. | fricēris fricēre | fricārēris fricārēre |
| 3rd sg. | fricētur | fricārētur |
| 1st pl. | fricēmur | fricārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fricēminī | fricārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fricentur | fricārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | fricā | fricāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | fricāte | fricāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | fricātō | fricātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | fricātō | fricātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | fricātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | fricantō | fricantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | fricāre | fricārī |
| perfect infinitive | fricuisse | frictum esse fricātum esse |
| future infinitive | frictūrum esse fricātūrum esse | frictum īrī fricātum īrī |
| present participle | fricāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | frictus fricātus, fricta, frictā, frictae, frictam, frictārum, frictās, fricte, frictī, frictīs, frictō, frictōrum, frictōs |
| future participle | frictūrus fricātūrus, fricātūra, fricātūrā, fricātūrae, fricātūram, fricātūrārum, fricātūrās, fricātūre, fricātūrī, fricātūrīs, fricātūrō, fricātūrōrum, fricātūrōs, fricātūrum, frictūra, frictūrā, frictūrae, frictūram, frictūrārum, frictūrās, frictūre, frictūrī, frictūrīs, frictūrō, frictūrōrum, frictūrōs, frictūrum | fricandus fricanda, fricandā, fricandae, fricandam, fricandārum, fricandās, fricande, fricandīs, fricandōrum, fricandōs |
gerundfricandī, fricandō, fricandumsupinefrictum, frictū
frĭco, cŭi, ctum, and (rarely) fricātum, 1, v. a. Sanscr. ghar-, gharsh-, rub; Gr. χρίω, χρῖμα; Lat. frio; cf. Gr. χρίμπτω, χραίνω, to touch, color,
I. to rub, rub down (not in Cic. or Caes.; cf.: perfrico, palpo, titillo): mulos qui fricabat, Poët. ap. Gell. 15, 4, 3:
numquam concessavimus Lavari aut fricari aut tergeri, etc., Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 10: corpus oleo, Mart. 4, 90, 5: (sus) fricat arbore costas, Verg. G. 3, 256: medicamento dentes, Scrib. Comp. 58: membra fricata, Ser. Samm. 6, 76; for which: si prurit frictus ocelli Angulus, Juv. 6, 577: alopecias fricuere tunsis caepis, Plin. 20, 5, 20, § 41: lacrima in fricando odora, id. 12, 25, 54, § 120: mensae manu sicca fricatae, id. 13, 15, 30, § 99: tofus fricatur vento, id. 36, 22, 48, § 166: pavimenta, Vitr. 7, 1: cum duo ligna inter se diutius fricta sunt, Sen. Q. N. 2, 22, 1: numquam hercle facerem, genua ni tam nequiter fricares, i. e. rubbed my knees as a suppliant (shortly before: confricantur genua), Plaut. As. 3, 3, 88.—In mal. part., Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 94; Petr. 92; Mart. 11, 99.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
fricō —, frictus, āre
FRI-, to rub, rub down : arbore costas, V.: frictus ocelli Angulus, Iu.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*bʰreyH-
- Proto-Indo-European*bʰriH-o-s
- Proto-Italic*frios
- Latinfricō
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin friō Latin -ic- ▲ Latin -ō Latin -icō Latin fricō Intensive popular form of friō. Compare with fodiō - fodicō, vellō - vellicō.
Elsewhere
- Italianfrettarefrom unknown *frictāre
- Catalanfrisarfrom unknown *frictiāre
- Catalanfresarfrom unknown *frictiāre
- Catalanfressarfrom unknown *frictiāre
- Spanishfrisarfrom unknown *frictiāre
- Spanishfrezarfrom unknown *frictiāre
- Old Frenchfroterfrom unknown *frictāre
- Old Occitanfretarfrom unknown *frictāre
Insular Romance
- Sardinianfriài
- Sardinianfriare
- Sardinianfricare
- Sardinianfrigare
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianfreca
- Romanianfrecare
- Aromanianfrec
- Aromanianfrecu
- Aromanianfricari
Northern Gallo-Romance:freyér
- Frenchfrayerfrom Old French freier
- Englishfrayfrom Old French freier
- Franco-Provençalfreyér
- Franco-Provençalfrèyi
- Franco-Provençalfrayë
Southern Gallo-Romance
- Catalanfregar
- Occitanfregar
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianfregare
- Neapolitanfregà
- Sassaresefriá
- Sicilianfricari
- Venetanfregar
Ibero-Romance
- Spanishfregarfrom Old Spanish fregar
- Asturianfregar
- Galicianfregar
- Papiamentufregafrom Old Spanish fregar
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianfreâ
Gallo-Italic
- Lombardfregà
- Piedmontesefriè
In English words that came into English from fricō
- frictionfrictionem
- frayfricāre
- affricateaffricātus
- fricativefricatīvus
- frayedfricare
- dentifricedentifricium
- perfricationperfricātiō