verbthird conjugation
fremō
fremō (present infinitive fremere, perfect active fremuī, supine fremitum)
Classical[ˈfrɛ.moː]Ecclesiastical[ˈfrɛː.mo]
fremitō 2nd sg. fut. act. imper.; 3rd sg. fut. act. imper.Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- transitivewith accusativeto murmur, mutter, grumble, growl at or after something
Tālibus Īlioneus; cūnctī simul ōre fremēbant / Dardanidae. With such [words spoke] Ilioneus; together all the Dardans were murmuring aloud [their assent]. (Ilioneus and other Dardan, i.e. Trojan, envoys are addressing Queen Dido; the meaning in-context is that of agreement which is audible – ore, “by or with mouth” – yet respectful to her royal court.)
29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.559–560 - transitivewith accusativeto complain loudly
- intransitiveto roar, growl, hum, rumble, buzz, howl, snort, rage, murmur, mutter
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
vōcem gravem dō, ut leō īrātus.fremō -ere — in Mille Verba, Animālia
murmurō ut turbafremō -ere — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 11, 13
īrātus murmurōfremō -ere — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 20
sonum īrae ēdōfremō -ere — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 10
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fremō | fremēbam | fremam | fremuī | fremueram | fremuerō |
| 2nd sg. | fremis | fremēbās | fremēs | fremuistī | fremuerās | fremueris |
| 3rd sg. | fremit | fremēbat | fremet | fremuit | fremuerat | fremuerit |
| 1st pl. | fremimus | fremēbāmus | fremēmus | fremuimus | fremuerāmus | fremuerimus |
| 2nd pl. | fremitis | fremēbātis | fremētis | fremuistis | fremuerātis | fremueritis |
| 3rd pl. | fremunt | fremēbant | frement | fremuērunt fremuēre | fremuerant | fremuerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fremam | fremerem | fremuerim | fremuissem |
| 2nd sg. | fremās | fremerēs | fremuerīs | fremuissēs |
| 3rd sg. | fremat | fremeret | fremuerit | fremuisset |
| 1st pl. | fremāmus | fremerēmus | fremuerīmus | fremuissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | fremātis | fremerētis | fremuerītis | fremuissētis |
| 3rd pl. | fremant | fremerent | fremuerint | fremuissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fremor | fremēbar | fremar |
| 2nd sg. | fremeris fremere | fremēbāris fremēbāre | fremēris fremēre |
| 3rd sg. | fremitur | fremēbātur | fremētur |
| 1st pl. | fremimur | fremēbāmur | fremēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fremiminī | fremēbāminī | fremēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fremuntur | fremēbantur | frementur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fremar | fremerer |
| 2nd sg. | fremāris fremāre | fremerēris fremerēre |
| 3rd sg. | fremātur | fremerētur |
| 1st pl. | fremāmur | fremerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fremāminī | fremerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fremantur | fremerentur |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | freme | fremere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | fremite | fremiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | fremitō | fremitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | fremitō | fremitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | fremitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | fremuntō | fremuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | fremere | fremī |
| perfect infinitive | fremuisse | fremitum esse |
| future infinitive | fremitūrum esse | fremitum īrī |
| present participle | fremēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | fremitus |
| future participle | fremitūrus fremitūra, fremitūrā, fremitūrae, fremitūram, fremitūrārum, fremitūrās, fremitūre, fremitūrī, fremitūrīs, fremitūrō, fremitūrōrum, fremitūrōs, fremitūrum | fremendus fremundus, fremenda, fremendā, fremendae, fremendam, fremendārum, fremendās, fremende, fremendīs, fremendōrum, fremendōs |
gerundfremendī, fremendō, fremendumsupinefremitum, fremitū
frĕmo, ŭi, ĭtum, 3, v. n. and a.
I. [cf. βρέμω, βρόμος, βροντή].
1. Neutr., to make a low roaring, to roar, resound, to growl, murmur, rage, snort, howl (class.;
syn.: frendo, strideo, strepo, crepo): (ventus ibi) Speluncas inter magnas fremit ante tumultu, Lucr. 6, 581; cf. Verg. A. 1, 56: venti immani turbine, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 25: mare, Val. Fl. 2, 646; cf.: Ister tumidā aquā, id. 6, 329: montes undaeque, Stat. Th. 12, 654: saxa concita murali tormento, whiz, Verg. A. 12, 922: viae laetitiā ludisque plausuque, resound, id. ib. 9, 717: agri festis ululatibus, Ov. M. 3, 528: irritata canum cum primum immane Molossūm Mollia ricta fremunt, Lucr. 5, 1064: leo ore cruento, Verg. A. 9, 341; Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 48; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Müll.: equus, neighs, Verg. A. 11, 496; 599; Hor. C. 4, 14, 23; id. Epod. 9, 17: lupus ad caulas, Verg. A. 9, 60: tigres, Val. Fl. 2, 260: fremant omnes licet, dicam quod sentio, to mutter, grumble, Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195: cum in basilica Julia ... omnia clamoribus fremerent, Quint. 12, 5, 6: omnes magno circum clamore fremebant, Verg. A. 6, 175: cunctique fremebant Caelicolae assensu vario, id. ib. 10, 96: cuncti simul ore fremebant Dardanidae, id. ib. 1, 559; 5, 555: animisque fremens, id. ib. 12, 371; cf.: stabat acerba fremens Aeneas, id. ib. 12, 398: patres, erecti gaudio, fremunt, Liv. 6, 6, 17: rumor de tibicine Fremit in theatro, Phaedr. 5, 7, 21.—II. Act., to murmur, grumble, growl, rage at or after any thing, to complain loudly.
(a). With acc.:
dixerat haec unoque omnes eadem ore fremebant, Verg. A. 11, 132: arma amens fremit; arma toro tectisque requirit, Saevit amor ferri, id. ib. 7, 460: si plebs fremere imperia coepisset, i. e. to murmur at, Cass. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 56.—(b). With an object-clause:
jam vero Arrius consulatum sibi ereptum fremit, Cic. Att. 2, 7,3: Pedum expugnandum ac delendum senatus fremit, Liv. 8, 13, 1: praetorianus miles, non virtute se sed proditione victum fremebat, Tac. H. 2, 44: (M. Bruti) epistolae frementes, fibulas tribunicias ex auro geri, id. ib. 4, 35; Plin. 33, 3, 12, § 39.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
fremō uī, —, ere
FREM-, to roar, resound, growl, murmur, rage, snort, howl : (venti) Circum claustra fremunt, V.: saxa concita murali Tormento, whiz , V.: Laetitiā ludisque viae, resound , V.: leo Ore, V.: equus, neighs , V.: fremant omnes licet, mutter : magno circum clamore, applauded , V.: animis, V.: Stabat acerba fremens Aeneas, V.: rumor de tibicine Fremit in theatro, Ph.— To murmur at, grumble because of, complain loudly of : consulatum sibi ereptum: uno omnes eadem ore fremebant, V.: alqd, L., H.— To demand angrily, cry threateningly : Arma amens fremit, V.: Pedum delendum, L.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *fremō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrémeti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem-. Cognates include Ancient Greek βρέμω (brémō), Middle High German bremen, Welsh brefu, and obsolete English breme (“famous; tempestuous”).
Descendants
- Catalanfremir
- Frenchfrémir
- Italianfremere
- Italianfremitare
- Occitanfermir
- Portuguesefremir
- Romanianfremăta
- Spanishfremir
- Friulianfremi
- Venetanfrèmer