“turn” in Latin

Circular motion, conversio: circumactus (corporis): usually by the verbs.

Winding, bend, flexus, -ūs: occursus ac recursus: ambages, plur. (winding, circuitous route; also in ablative sing., ambage): anfractus (a break in the continuity of anything’s direction; e.g., of a horn, the course of the sun, etc., but especially of a road; hence, from context, anfractusfor a “turn in the road”). A river that has many turns, amnis sinuosus flexibus (after Maeander s. f., Plin.).

A walk to and fro, ambulatio: spatium: to take a turn, ambulationem conficere (in aliquo loco): to go to take a turn, ire, or abire ambulatum, or deambulatum: after two or three turns, duobus spatiis tribusve factis: a little turn, ambulatiuncula.

Change leading to a result, commutatio: by eventus, exitus (event); or by circumlocution; e.g., fortune takes a sudden turn, fortuna subito convertitur (Nep., Att., 10, 2); celeriter fortuna mutatur (Caes., B.C., 1, 59): all things take an unfavorable turn, omnia in pejorem partem vertuntur ac mutantur (Cic., Rosc., Am., 36, 103): things take a good, bad turn, omnia nobis secunda, adversa incidunt (Cic.): the war takes an unfavorable turn, res inclinatur (Liv.): to take a different turn, aliter cadere, cedere, mutare (Cic.): all things have taken a different turn, omnia versa sunt (Cic., Rosc., Am., 22, 61): the affair takes an unexpected turn, res praeter omnem opinionem cadit, cedit (after Cic.): to take a good or favorable turn, in laetiorem or meliorem statum mutari: to give a turn to anything, rem vertere, convertere (Cic.); rem totam inclinare (Liv.): to give a different turn, rem aliter, alio modo, vertere; rem alio vertere, convertere (after Cic.): to give a more elegant turn to, elegantius facere aliquid (Cic.).

Disposition (of mind), Vid:

Mode of expression, conformatio. To give a good turn to a sentence, sententiam apte conformare; aliquid elegantius dicere: various turns of expression, variae figurae et verba.

Order, course, usually by circumlocution with some of the cases of vicis, which does not occur in the nominative; e.g., in turn, in vicem: it is your turn now, nunc tuae sunt partes (Vid: Phaedrus, 4, 3, 25: ☞ ordo te tangit or ad te venit is not Latin): by turns, alternately, alterna, nominative plur.; invicem; per vices (☞ not alternis = one after the other, nor vicissim = in return; vicibus means “by turns,” “alternately,” but it is found only in poetry and later prose writers).

Office (good or bad). A good turn, officium (a kindness): beneficium (a benefit): to do anybody a good turn, alicui benigne facere: de aliquo bene mereri: to do a bad turn, [Vid. INJURE, HURT].

Inclination of the scale, libramentum (the proper word): mantissa (preponderance).

Figuratively, That which occasions a change in a thing or in its termination, momentum (the proper word, ῥοπή): discrimen (critical or decisive point). To give the turn of the scale, momentum habere; discrimen facere: to give the turn of the scale to a thing, momentum facere alicui rei or (in a thing) in re; momentum afferre ad rem; rem inclinare (to bring near to decision): rem decernere (to decide): trifles: frequently give a turn of the scale to important matters, ex parvis saepe magnarum rerum inclinationes pendent.

To give a certain direction, vertere: convertere. To turn one’s self or itself, se convertere; converti: to turn the eyes to any place, oculos aliquo convertere: to turn upside down, topsy-turvy, ima summis miscere or mutare; summa imis confundere; omnia turbare et miscere; omnia in contrarium vertere; caelum ac terras miscere: to turn inside out, invertere: to turn the thoughts to, animum advertere ad rem [Vid: ATTEND]: to turn the thoughts from a subject, animum or cogitationes ab aliqua re: to turn the back, verti: converti (to turn round): se vertere or convertere (in flight): abire, decedere, discedere (to go away).

To apply, Vid: : to turn to one’s own use or advantage, uti aliqua re (to use); in rem suam convertere aliquid (to apply to one’s benefit); fructum capere ex re.

To move round, change (position), (transitively) torquere: contorquere: circumagere (e.g., molas trusatiles). To turn anything round, in orbem torquere or circumagere; rotare (to turn like a wheel): (intransitively) se torquere or convertere: se versare (voluntarily): circumagi: volvi: ferri (involuntarily). To turn in a circle, in orbem circumagi; se gyrare; rotari (rather poetical). Figuratively. The whole dispute turns on this question, circa hanc consultationem disceptatio omnis vertitur: to turn up the nose at anybody, ludum alicui suggerere (☞ Cic., Att., 12, 44).

To give another direction to, (transitively) vertere: convertere: torquere (figuratively, to turn aside, to wrest; e.g., jus): (intransitively) to turn one’s self, se vertere; vertere; se convertere; converti: to turn with every wind, ipsa pluma aut folio facilius moveri; mobili esse animo [Vid: also, CHANGE]: his brain is turned, mente captus est; de or ex mente exiit; mente alienatus est: is not your brain turned? satin’ sanus es? to turn from one parly to another (i. e., to change sides), deficere, desciscere alicui ab aliquo.

To change = corivert [Vid: CONVERT]. To turn into money, vendere.

To fashion, form, conformare: effingere.

To incline (a scale), (transitively) inclinare: (intransitively) inclinari or inclinare in (ad) alteram partem. The scale turns, altera lanx propendet or deprimitur (cf., Cic., Tusc., 5, 17, 51; Acad., 2, 12, 38). Figuratively, The scale of fortune turns, fortuna vertit, convertitur, or se inclinat.

To translate, Vid:

To form on a lathe, tornare (also figuratively, to make with niceness, etc.; e.g., versus, Hor.): detornare (to turn off, velares annulos, Plin., 13, 9, 18: figuratively, sententiam, Gell.): torno facere: ex torno perficere: ad tornum fabricare (PROP., to make in a lathe): perficere aliquid in torno (Vitr.). To turn cups of terebinthus, calices torno facere ex terebintho (Plin.).

Intransitively. To change its color, varium fieri (e.g., the grapes are beginning to turn, uva varia fieri coepit): flavescere (to turn sear or yellow; of leaves, etc; e.g., folium fagi, Plin.).

To apply for aid, Vid: : whither shall I turn? quo me vertam? he knew not whither to turn, quo se verteret lion habebat. TURN ABOUT, versare. Vid: also, TURN ROUND. TURN ASIDE,

Transitively, deflectere: detorquere (by force).

Intransitively, deflectere: declinare de re (e.g., de via): devertere. TURN AWAY, TURN FROM,

Transitively. To avert, avertere: amovere. To turn away the eyes from anyone, oculos dejicere ab aliquo: to another, oculos ab aliquo in alium avertere. Figuratively, To turn away one’s mind or thoughts, animum or cogitationes avertere ab aliqua re and ab aliquo.

To dismiss, Vid:

Intransitively, amovere se: deflectere. TURN BACK, Vid: RETURN. TURN DOWN, invertere. TURN IN,

Transitively. To double back, inflectere: replicare (to fold back).

Intransitively, To be doubled back, inflecti.

To enter (a house), domum alicujus intrare: apud aliquem devertere. TURN INTO, Vid. CONVERT, TRANSFORM. TURN OFF,

Transitively, To dismiss, Vid:

To give a different direction to; e.g., to turn off water, derivare (to draw from or to a place): deducere (to lead or move away to a place, or downward): avertere (to give another direction to). To turn off a river, flumen derivare, avertere; through a new channel, flumen novo alveo avertere.

Intransitively. To take a different turn, seflectere; e.g., hinc silva, via, se flectit sinistrorsum (turns off to the left).

To corrupt, putrefy, vitiari (of fruit, meat, etc.): putrescere (to go to decay). That has turned off, putridus; rancidus (rancid; e.g., meat). TURN OUT,

Transitively. To drive away, ejicere. To turn one out of one’s house, aliquem domo ejicere (except in this construction, ejicere mostly takes ex or de).

To seek (a word in a dictionary), *vocabulum in lexico quaerere.

Intransitively. To issue, have a certain end or result, evenire: exitum habere (to have an issue): cadere (to fall out). To turn out well, bene, belle evenire: prospere procedere, or succedere (to succeed): alicui res fauste, feliciter, prospereque eveniunt (prosperously; Cic., Muren., 1): to turn out badly, male, secus cadere: to turn out agreeably to one’s wish, ex sententia succedere (opposed to aliter cecidit res ac putabam; praeter opinionem cadere): I feared how it would turn out, verebar, quorsum id casurum esset, or quorsum evaderet: I am afraid how it will turn out with him, vereor quid de illo, or quid illi fiet: how has it turned out with you? quis eventus te accepit?turn out as it may, utcumque res ceciderit or cessura est: to see beforehand how a thing will turn out, de exitu rei divinare. TURN OVER,

To upset, Vid:

To revolve, revolvere. To turn over the pages of a book, librum evolvere (☞ librum consulere is = “to consult a book;” libros adire only of the Sibylline books): to turn over a new leaf (proverbial), ad bonam frugem se recipere (Cic.). TURN ROUND,

Transitively, versare (to turn, sometimes to one side, sts to the other; also, to turn round in a circle): circumagere (to turn round to another side, or to move round in a circle): invertere (to turn about, to invert): convertere (to turn round and round, and, with the terminus ad quem, to direct to a place by turning round; hence followed by ad or in with an accusative): circumvertere (to turn round about): intorquere (to move to one side by turning; e.g., oculos ad aliquid): contorquere (to move quite round by turning): retorquere (to turn back; e.g., oculos ad aliquid).

Intransitively, se convertere (of persons and things): versari or se versare: se circumagere: circumagi (the first of persons or things, the latter only of things welt turn round): circumferri: circumverti (only of things; e.g., wheels, the heavenly bodies): se gyrare (to turn one’s self round; e.g., with the head, Veg., 3, 5, 2). To turn one’s self round in a circle, in orbem circumagi, or se circumagere (☞ rotari is poetical): to turn one’s self round to anyone, se convertere ad aliquem; se circumagere ad aliquem. TURN UP,

Transitively, reflectere: recurvare (crookedly).

Intransitively, reflecti: recurvari.

To happen, Vid: TURN UPSIDE DOWN, Vid: TURN.