“go” in Latin

(1) ire (general term, without any accessory notion. ☞ The preposition ad, which is usually omitted after ire before the names of “towns,” “small islands,” domum and rus, must sometimes be expressed; Vid: TO; and remark in FROM, not far from beginning of article): vadere (to go with alacrity and a quick step; as to go against an enemy, vadere in hostem; to visit a friend [ad eum postridie mane vadebam, Cic.]; also = “to go away,” Lentulus hodie apud me; cras mane vadit, he goes tomorrow morning; Cic.): meare (poetical, and in post-Augustan prose; of the mere mechanical motion of beasts, the stars, etc.): commeare ad aliquem, in locum (to go in and out, to go to and fro to a person or place, of messengers, etc.; Vid: Ruhnken, Ter. Heaut., 3, 1, 35; also of the heavenly bodies): ferri (to go rapidly; e.g., of streams, flumen per fines, agros, etc., fertur [☞ not it]; and of persons under the influence of strong feeling, ad aliquem summa celeritate et studio incitatum ferri, Caes.): cedere (with poets, to go, as general term; in prose only so far as anybody by his going away gives up a former place; hence together, cedere atque abire): abire: abscedere: discedere: decedere: degredi: digredi (to go away; SYN. in To DEPART, Vid :). To go back [Vid: To RETURN]: procedere (to go forth; e.g., in concionem; Vid: Liv., 42, 45): exire: excedere: egredi (to go or step out from a place): inire: introire: intrare: ingredi (go in; SYN. in ENTER): transire: praeterire locum (to go by a place): ascendere, conscendere, evadere in locum (to go up): descendere (to go down from a higher place to a lower; opposed to of ascendere; e.g., from the capitol into the forum, etc.): anteire, antegredi, with an accusative (to go before, etc.; of persons and things): transire, trajicere, with an accusative (to go over, through a place, etc.; e.g., sol cancri signum transit): proficisci (general term, for “to set out” on a journey, march, etc., on foot, on horseback, etc.): conferre se aliquo (to betake one’s self any where): tendere, contendere aliquo (implying exertions to reach it; to break up in haste for a place; to march for a place): petere locum (to seek to reach a place): concedere aliquo (to retire to a place, as into the country): ☞ venire is sometimes used for our “to go;” this is a sort of adaptation of the narrator’s language to that of the person’s of whom he is speaking: thus, cujus [Curii] focum, cum venerat in se ad Sabinos, visere solebat, used to visit when he went to his Sabine villa; Cic., Rep., 3, 28 [since Cato would say, veni]: contra rem suam venisse me nescio quando questus est,” that I went or have gone against his interests,” since he would say, “you have come” or “appeared” [venisti contra rem meam]. Go (away)! get you gone! abi! (in anger; also, in astonishment, etc.); abi hinc! apage sis! (in anger): you may go, ilicet: go out of my sight! age illuc, abscede procul e conspectu meo! (Plaut., Pers., 4, 2, 6): go and be hanged! abi in malam rem or in malam crucem! (comedy): to let anybody go, sinere ut abeat aliquis (to allow him to go); aliquem dimittere (general term, to dismiss); aliquem omittere (to leave alone): let me go! omitte me! (let me alone): where are you going? quo tendis? quo cogitas, vis?to come and go, to go and come, i. e., to go to and fro, venire et redire; ire et redire: to go up and down, backward and forward, etc., ambulare (as a walk); ultro citroque commeare: to go upon anything (e.g., on crutches), inniti aliqua re, artus sustinere aliqua re (to support one’s self by anything in going): to go to anybody, adire aliquem (to go with a petition to anybody): to go for a thing, petere aliquid (in order to fetch it): to go to see anything, aliquid spectatum ire: to go for anybody, aliquem arcessere, arcessitum ire (in order to fetch him): to go to see anybody, aliquem visere, visitare (in order to visit, to see, as a physician does a patient); ad aliquem vadere (to call on him; Vid: vadere above). For “to go to bed, church, school, law, ruin, war,” etc.; Vid: the substantives. So for a watch goes (well, ill, etc.). (2) Denoting a motion either in itself or toward anything; of things, moveri (to move itself): ferri (to move itself forward or in violent rotation; e.g., fluvius citatus fertur). To go into anything; i. e., to penetrate into anything, descendere in aliquid (e.g., ferrum descendit in ilia).

FIG., That goes to my heart [Vid: HEART]. In a wider signification, to GO signifies the passing into a state; ire, exire in; e.g., to go to seed, ire in semen. (3) A progress. (a) Of the result of circumstances and undertakings; e.g., to succeed, ire.; succedere; procedere: to be going on well, bene, prospere, feliciter procedere: it went on differently from what I had expected, secus accidit ac speraveram: the affair begins to go on better than I feared it would, incipit res melius ire, quam putaram (Cic., Att., 14, 15, 3): the affair is going on very well, res prorsus it (ibid. 13, 20, 4). (b) Of a befalling, the fate, the state of a person; it goes with me, etc., it apud me, de me; est mihi; me habeo, se habet aliquid, all with an adverb of the manner, as bene, recte, male, etc.: it goes well with the good, ill with the wicked, bene est bonis, male malis (Ennius): it has gone with me in the same manner, idem mihi accidit: see, said he to me, thus it goes with me every day, en, inquit mihi, haec ego patior quotidie: it goes well with anybody, bene or praeclare agitur cum aliquo: how will it go with you? quid tibi fiet? however it may go with me, utcumque res ceciderit or cessura est; quicumque eventus me exceperit: how goes it with you? quomfido vales? (with reference to health); quid agis? quid agitur? quid fit? (with reference to one’s pursuits); satin salvae? (sc. res; with reference to one’s circumstances): all is going on well with me, valeo; bene mecum agitur: I am going on very well, praeclare mecum agitur; res mihi sunt maxime secundae: my mother is going on quite well, apud matrem recte est: Attica is going on quite well, de Attica optime it [al. est]: so things go in this world, ita vita est hominum, sic vita hominum est (so is the life of men); sic est vulgus (thus is the great multitude). (4) Anything goes in, through, upon anything, i. e., (a) in respect of space; e.g., a space can hold anything, aliquid capit rem (e.g., very few slaves, no more than could go in a single carriage, paucissimi servi, quos unum vehiculum caper e potest): eggs placed in vinegar become so soft that they can go through a ring, ova aceto macerata ita emolliuntur, ut per annulos transeant: the thread will not go through the eye of the needle, filum per acum non transit, or trajici non potest. (b) In measure, value, facit, efficit (it makes); aequat, exaequat (it equals); all four with accusative of the measure, etc.: 625 feet go to a stadium, sexcenti viginti quinque pedes efficiunt or exaequant stadium: the Romans called the fourth part of a denarius, a sestertius, because there went to it two ases and a half, Romani quartam denarii partem, quod efficiebatur ex duobus assibus et tertio semisse, sestertium nominaverunt: to go to the whole, integrum exaequare: five bushels of seed go to an acre of land, occupant (or implent) jugerum seminis modii quinque; satisfaciunt jugero seminis modii quinque. (5) To take a direction. (a) To a certain place; i. e., to reach, extend, pertinere ad or ad usque (of things and places; ☞ pertingere is quite unclassical): excurrere, procurrere (to take its course or direction to a place, of rivers and mountains [Vid: To EXTEND]): attingere aliquid (to go as far as anything, to touch it; a place, river, etc.): aequare aliquid (to equal a thing, reach as far as anything; e.g., altitudo fluminum summa equorum pectora aequabant, i. e., went as high as their breasts; Curt. 4, 9, 15): defluere ad aliquid (to flow down to anything, of a garment; Vid: Verg., Aen., 1, 404; pedes vestis fluxit ad imos; ☞ vestis fluens pedes ferit imos is poetical): superare aliquid (to go over or above anything; e.g., alibi umbilico tenus aqua erat, alibi genua vix superavit, Liv., 26, 45, extr.). (b) To go about anything, cingere, circumdare aliquid; e.g., urbem fossa cingit alta. (c) “To go,” is used also of the direction or inclination to a time. The sun is going down [Vid: To SET], advesperascit; inclinatur ad vesperum; dies jam proclinata est: he is going ten (he is in his tenth year), annum decimum agit; annum nonum excessit, egressus est (he has passed his ninth year), (d) To pass to anybody by will or law, cedere alicui (e.g., his farm-house went to his creditors, villa creditoribus cessit): alicui venire ad aliquem pervenire jure (e.g., hereditas). To allow an inheritance to go to anybody, hereditatem alicui concedere. (e) To go (= to be sold) for so much, ire (e.g., denario ire, Plin., 18, 23, 53): vendi (general term).

Of the direction of a road, etc., esse (e.g., via, quae est in Indiam, Cic., Fin., 3, 14, 54): via fert aliquo: ☞ ducere, in this sense, is poetical.

To become putrid (etc., of fruits), vitiari (general term, of meat, fruit, etc.).

To depart, Vid: Anybody’s hope is gone, discessit alicui spes: that time is gone (by), abiit illud tempus: the silver tables are gone from all the temples, mensae argenteae ex omnibus templis sublatae sunt (are stolen): the memory of them is gone from the earth, memoria eorum evanuit.

To be pregnant for so long, ventrem ferre. Mares go twelve months, equa ventrem fert duodecim menses (Varr.): does go eight months, cervi octavis mensibus ferunt partus (Plin.).

To pass for (e.g., an old man). Vid: To BE RECKONED. I AM GOING to, etc., by participle in rus. He is just going to, etc., in eo est, ut, with subjunctive (the est impers.): jam prope est, ut (also impers.): as he was just going to set out, jam profecturus; sub ipsa profectione. MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES: Works which go under anybody’s name, opera, etc., quae sub alicujus nomine feruntur (Quint., 7, 2, 24): to go under the name of Philip, se Philippum ferre (Velleius, 1, 11, 1; of a pretender): the report or story goes, fama or rumor est: as the story goes, ut ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc.; also without the ut: Xenocrates, as the story goes, replied, Xenocratem ferunt (cum quaeretur ex eo...) respondisse. Proculus, as the story goes, etc., declared that, Proculus dixisse fertur, etc. As times go, *ut nunc sunt tempora; *ut nunc se mores habent; pro eo ut difficultas temporis fert (considering the hard times): to go from anybody’s sight, abire ex alicujus conspectu: to be going any where, iter est aliquo: whether this would go as far with anybody as that; whether this or that would go the furthest with anybody (= have the most effect on his mind), utrum apud aliquem hoc an illud plus valeret: fortune goes a great way (or goes for a great deal) in anything, multum fortuna valet (e.g., ad vitandum periculum): this goes a good (or but a little) way toward, hoc multum (or non multum) valet or momenti affert ad, etc. You see how far the matter has gone, quem in locum res deducta sit, vides: it often went so far that, saepe in eum locum ventum est, ut, etc.; B.G., 6, 43: not to let the matter go so far, as to, non committere, ut.

you go on in this way, si ad istum modum pergas.