noun · femininefourth declension
tribus
tribus f (genitive tribūs)
Classical[ˈtrɪ.bʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈtriː.bus]
Meaning
- feminineOne of the three original tribes of Rome: Ramnes, Tities, Luceres.
- feminineA division of the Roman people.
- feminineA tribe.
- feminineThe mob, the lower classes.
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | tribus | tribūs |
| genitive | tribūs | tribuum |
| dative | tribuī | tribubus tribibus |
| accusative | tribum | tribūs |
| ablative | tribū | tribubus tribibus |
| vocative | tribus | tribūs |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- tribu movere aliquem
- to expel some one from his tribe.
- centuriam, tribum ferre (Planc. 49)
- to gain the vote of a century or tribe.
- multa (pauca) puncta in centuria (tribu) aliqua ferre
- to obtain many (few) votes in a century or tribe.
trĭbus, ūs (dat. and
I. abl. plur.:
tribubus, Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16; Liv. 5, 18, 2; 23, 12, 16, etc.; but trebibos, Ephem. Epigr. 2, 208, n. 299; never tribibus; cf. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 376, and v., in gen., Neue, Formenl. 1, 361 sqq.), f. tri-; root in tres (dat. tribus) and bhū; Gr. φυ- in φυλή; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 163, orig. a third part of the Roman people; as their numbers increased it came to mean, I. Lit., a division of the people, a tribe (the number of these tribes finally increased to thirty-five, of which thirty-one were rusticae tribus or country tribes, and four urbanae tribus or city tribes; the following are the names of the tribes, the city tribes being printed in Italics, viz.: Aemilia, Aniensis, Arniensis, Claudia, Collina, Cornelia, Crustumina, Esquilina, Fabia, Falerina, Galesia, Horatia, Lemonia, Maecia, Menenia, Oufentina, Palatina, Papiria, Pollia, Pomptina, Popilia, Pupinia, Quirina, Romilia, Sabatina, Scaptia, Sergia, Stellatina, Suburana, Terentina, Tromentina, Veientina, Velina, Veturia, Voltinia. Some of these names are the same as the names of Roman gentes, and others are derived from the names of places where these tribes at first resided), Varr. L. L. 4, 9, 17; Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14; Liv. 1, 36, 7; 8, 37, 12; 9, 46, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.; id. Epit. 19; Col. 5, 1, 7; Val. Max. 7, 1, 2; 9, 10, 1; cf. Niebuhr, Röm. Gesch. 1, p. 426 sq.;
and see the names of these tribes in Inscr. Orell. II. pp. 11-28 and 147: inventum tamen esse fortem amicum ex eādem familia Q. Verrem Romilia, of the Romilian tribe, Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 23; cf. Ser. Sulpicius, Q. F. Lemonia, Rufus, id. Phil. 9, 7, 15: L. AVRELIVS L. FIL. CAMILIA FIRMVS, etc., Inscr. Orell. 3070: Africanus censor tribu movebat eum centurionem, qui in Pauli pugna non affuerat, removed, expelled from the tribe, Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 272; so, tribu movere aliquem, id. Clu. 43, 122; Liv. 45, 15, 4; 4, 24, 7; 24, 18, 6; 45, 15, 4; Val. Max. 2, 4, 4: urbanae (tribus) in quas transferri ignominia esset, desidiae probro, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 13: populus in tribus convocatus, Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44: ea multitudo tribus circuit, genibus se omnium advolvens, Liv. 8, 37, 9.—B. Trop., comicè:
grammaticas ambire tribus, to canvass the Grammarian tribe, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 40.—II. Transf.
1. Of Macedonians:
satellites illi ex tribu suā legunt, Just. 13, 3, 1 (al. turbā).—2. In gen., the commonalty, the mass, mob, poor people, Mart. 8, 15, 4; Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 54:
equitem imitatae tribus, Flor. 2, 6, 25. — Prov.: sine tribu, without rank or position: homo sine tribu, sine nomine, Flor. 3, 13, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
tribus ūs (dat. and abl plur., tribūbus, C., L.), f
cf. tres, a third part of the people (as orig. divided into Ramnes, Tities, and Luceres); hence, in pen., an hereditary division of the people, tribe (under the constitution of Servius Tullius, four for the city and twenty-six for the country districts; at a later date there were thirty-one country tribes): illum quinque et triginta tribūs patronum adoptaverunt: a Romuliā tribu initium facere: fieri se pro tribu aedilem, received the vote of the tribe for the aedileship , L.: vocatis tribubus, L.: Africanus censor tribu movebat eum centurionem, expelled from the tribe : Grammaticas ambire tribūs, to canvass the Grammaman tribes , H.
Origins
An old compound from the stem of trēs (“three”), cognate with Umbrian 𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌚𐌖 (trifu). Either from: * Proto-Italic *triðus if from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”), thus Proto-Indo-European *tri-dʰh₁-o- (“rendered in three, tripartite”) but changed to a u-stem; cf. with Skt. multiplicatives in -dhā such as Sanskrit त्रिधा (tridhā, “threefold”), and with other derivatives such as Lithuanian iñdas (“dishware”) < *h₁n̥-dʰh₁-o-. This would be evidence to the development of PIt. *þ before vocalic *u as after it; * Proto-Italic *triβus if from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”); in that case, the u-suffix was originally part of the root. Originally referring to three divisions of the (Roman) people. Cognate to Umbrian trifu (“tribe, people”).
Descendants
- Catalantribu
- Englishtribus
- GermanTribus
- Italiantribù
- Italiantribo
- Frenchtribufrom Old French tribu
- Englishtribefrom Old French tribu
- Spanishtribufrom Old Spanish tribu
- Portuguesetribo
- Romaniantrib