verbsecond conjugation, no perfect or supine stems
rigeō
rigeō (present infinitive rigēre)
Classical[ˈrɪ.ɡe.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈriː.d͡ʒe.o]
rigēns pres. act. ptcp.
Meaning
- to be stiff or numb; stiffen
- to stand upright; stand on end
- to remain unmoved or inert
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
dūrus et immōtus sumrigeō -ēre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 10, 22
Conjugation conjugation 2 perfect
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rigeō | rigēbam | rigēbō | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | rigēs | rigēbās | rigēbis | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | riget | rigēbat | rigēbit | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | rigēmus | rigēbāmus | rigēbimus | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | rigētis | rigēbātis | rigēbitis | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | rigent | rigēbant | rigēbunt | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rigeam | rigērem | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | rigeās | rigērēs | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | rigeat | rigēret | — | — |
| 1st pl. | rigeāmus | rigērēmus | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | rigeātis | rigērētis | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | rigeant | rigērent | — | — |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rigeor | rigēbar | rigēbor |
| 2nd sg. | rigēris rigēre | rigēbāris rigēbāre | rigēberis rigēbere |
| 3rd sg. | rigētur | rigēbātur | rigēbitur |
| 1st pl. | rigēmur | rigēbāmur | rigēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | rigēminī | rigēbāminī | rigēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | rigentur | rigēbantur | rigēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | rigear | rigērer |
| 2nd sg. | rigeāris rigeāre | rigērēris rigērēre |
| 3rd sg. | rigeātur | rigērētur |
| 1st pl. | rigeāmur | rigērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | rigeāminī | rigērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | rigeantur | rigērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | rigē | rigēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | rigēte | rigēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | rigētō | rigētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | rigētō | rigētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | rigētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | rigentō | rigentor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | rigēre | rigērī |
| perfect infinitive | rigisse | — |
| present participle | rigēns rigente, rigentem, rigentēs, rigentī, rigentia, rigentibus, rigentis, rigentīs, rigentium | — |
| future participle | — | rigendus rigenda, rigendā, rigendae, rigendam, rigendārum, rigendās, rigende, rigendīs, rigendōrum, rigendōs |
gerundrigendī, rigendō, rigendum
rĭgĕo, ēre, v. n. prob. kindr. with ῥιγέω, frigeo,
I. to be stiff or numb; to stiffen (syn.: concresco, conglacio).
I. Lit. (class.).
1. With cold:
frigore, Lucr. 3, 891; Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69 (opp. uri calore): gelu, Liv. 21, 32; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 30; id. Pan. 82, 5: prata rigent, Hor. C. 4, 12, 3: stagnum, Col. 8, 17, 2: corpora omnibus, Liv. 21, 54; cf. poet.: horridus December, Mart. 7, 95.— 2. Of any physical stiffness:
gelido comae terrore rigebant, stood on end, bristled up, Ov. M. 3, 100; so, ora indurata, id. ib. 14, 503: ardua cervix (with horrent setae), id. ib. 8, 284: cerealia dona rigent, i. e. are hardened into gold, id. ib. 11, 122: vestes auroque ostroque, are stiff, stand out, Verg. A. 11, 72; cf.: terga boum plumbo insuto ferroque, id. ib. 5, 405: manicae ex auro, Sil. 4, 155: signa, Lucr. 5, 1427.—II. Poet., transf., to stand stiff or upright:
(pars summa scopuli) riget, Ov. M. 4, 526; 6, 573: late riget Tmolus, id. ib. 11, 150: sine frondibus arbos, id. ib. 13, 691: illitterati num minus nervi rigent? Hor. Epod. 8, 17.— III. Trop., to remain unmoved, inert (very rare):
feritas immota riget, Mart. 5, 31, 5. —Hence, rĭgens, entis, P. a., stiff, inflexible, rigid, unbending (mostly post-class.). 1. Lit.:
secui madidas ungue rigente genas, Ov. H. 5, 72: lorica ex aere, Verg. A. 8, 621: aqua, i. e. frozen, Mart. 14, 117: pars mundi ipsis aquilonis conceptaculis rigentissima, Sol. 15: caput (with praedurum), rigid, Quint. 11, 3, 69; cf. id. 2, 13, 9: interque rigentes (partes terrae), Tib. 4, 1, 165: gelu flumina, Plin. Pan. 82, 5.— 2. Trop., stubborn, inflexible, unyielding:
animus, Sen. Hippol. 413; cf.: vir tot malis, id. Thyest. 304.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
rigeō —, —, ēre
REG-, to be stiff, be numb, stiffen : frigore (opp. uri calore): omnia rigentia gelu, L.: prata rigent, H.— To be stiff, be rigid, stand on end, bristle, stand erect : gelido comae terrore rigebant, O.: ardua cervix, O.: Cerealia dona rigebant, i. e. hardened into gold , O.: vestes auroque ostroque, stand out , V.— To stand stiff, stand upright, rise : (pars summa scopuli) riget, O.: sine frondibus arbos, O.
Origins
From Proto-Italic *rigēō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind”); see also Middle High German ric (“string, band”) and Old Irish riag (“a type of torture”).
In English words that came into English from rigeō
- rigidrigidus
- rigidityrigiditas
- rigorousrigōrōsus
- rigourrigor
- rigescentrigescens
- rigoristrigor