verbthird conjugation
pacō1
pacō (present infinitive pacere, perfect active pepigī, supine pactum)
Classical[ˈpa.koː]Ecclesiastical[ˈpaː.ko]
pācātus perf. pass. ptcp.; sg. nom. m. perf. pass. ptcp.
Meaning
- to come to an agreement
'Talionis' mentionem fieri in XII. ait Verrius hoc modo: "Si membrum rupit, ni cum eo pacit, talio esto."
Verrius says talion (retaliation in kind) is mentioned in the Twelve [Tables] in the following manner: "If [someone] breaks [another's] limb, let there be talion unless [the first] comes to an agreement with him."1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 363, line 6:Pacta sunt quae legibus observanda sunt, hoc modo—"Rem ubi pacunt, orato. Ni pacunt, in comitio aut in foro ante meridiem causam coniciunto."
Rhetorica ad Herennium 2.20
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
subdue, pacify
pācō -āre — in De Bello Gallico III
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacō | pacēbam pācābam | pacam pācābō | pepigī pācāvī | pepigeram pācāveram | pepigerō pācārō, pācāverō |
| 2nd sg. | pacis | pacēbās pācābās | pacēs pācābis | pepigistī pācāstī, pācāvistī | pepigerās pācārās, pācāverās | pepigeris pācāveris |
| 3rd sg. | pacit | pacēbat pācābat | pacet pācābit | pepigit pācāvit | pepigerat pācārat, pācāverat | pepigerit pācārit, pācāverit |
| 1st pl. | pacimus | pacēbāmus pācābāmus | pacēmus pācābimus | pepigimus pācāvimus | pepigerāmus pācāverāmus | pepigerimus pācārimus, pācāverimus |
| 2nd pl. | pacitis | pacēbātis pācābātis | pacētis pācābitis | pepigistis pācāstis, pācāvistis | pepigerātis pācārātis, pācāverātis | pepigeritis pācāritis, pācāveritis |
| 3rd pl. | pacunt | pacēbant pācābant | pacent pācābunt | pepigērunt pepigēre, pācārunt, pācāvēre, pācāvērunt | pepigerant pācārant, pācāverant | pepigerint pācārint, pācāverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacam pācem | pacerem pācārem | pepigerim pācārim, pācāverim | pepigissem pācāssem, pācāvissem |
| 2nd sg. | pacās | pacerēs pācārēs | pepigerīs pācāverīs | pepigissēs pācāssēs, pācāvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | pacat | paceret pācāret | pepigerit pācārit, pācāverit | pepigisset pācāsset, pācāvisset |
| 1st pl. | pacāmus | pacerēmus pācārēmus | pepigerīmus pācārīmus, pācāverīmus | pepigissēmus pācāssēmus, pācāvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | pacātis | pacerētis pācārētis | pepigerītis pācārītis, pācāverītis | pepigissētis pācāssētis, pācāvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | pacant | pacerent pācārent | pepigerint pācārint, pācāverint | pepigissent pācāssent, pācāvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacor | pacēbar pācābar | pacar pācābor |
| 2nd sg. | paceris pacere | pacēbāris pacēbāre, pācābāre, pācābāris | pacēris pacēre, pācābere, pācāberis |
| 3rd sg. | pacitur | pacēbātur pācābātur | pacētur pācābitur |
| 1st pl. | pacimur | pacēbāmur pācābāmur | pacēmur pācābimur |
| 2nd pl. | paciminī | pacēbāminī pācābāminī | pacēminī pācābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | pacuntur | pacēbantur pācābantur | pacentur pācābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | pacar pācer | pacerer pācārer |
| 2nd sg. | pacāris pacāre | pacerēris pacerēre, pācārēre, pācārēris |
| 3rd sg. | pacātur | pacerētur pācārētur |
| 1st pl. | pacāmur | pacerēmur pācārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | pacāminī | pacerēminī pācārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | pacantur | pacerentur pācārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | pace pācā | pacere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | pacite | paciminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | pacitō pācātō | pacitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | pacitō pācātō | pacitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | pacitōte pācātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | pacuntō pācantō | pacuntor pācantor |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | pacere | pacī pācārī |
| perfect infinitive | pepigisse pācāsse, pācāvisse | pactum esse |
| future infinitive | pactūrum esse | pactum īrī |
| present participle | pacēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | pactus pācāta, pācātā, pācātae, pācātam, pācātārum, pācātās, pācāte, pācātī, pācātō, pācātōrum, pācātōs, pācātum, pācātus |
| future participle | pactūrus pācātūra, pācātūrā, pācātūrae, pācātūram, pācātūrārum, pācātūrās, pācātūre, pācātūrī, pācātūrīs, pācātūrō, pācātūrōrum, pācātūrōs, pācātūrum, pācātūrus | pacendus pacundus, pācanda, pācandā, pācandae, pācandam, pācandārum, pācandās, pācande, pācandī, pācandīs, pācandō, pācandōrum, pācandōs, pācandum, pācandus |
gerundpacendī, pacendō, pacendumsupinepactum, pactū
pāco, ăvi, ātum, 1, v. a. pax,
I. to bring into a state of peace and quietness, to make peaceful, to quiet, pacify, subdue, soothe (class.; cf.: pacifico, placo).
I. Lit.:
pacare Amanum, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 8: omnem Galliam, Caes. B. C. 1, 7: qui nuper pacati erant, id. B. G. 1, 16: civitates, id. ib. 7, 65: Hispanias, id. B. C. 1, 85: bimarem Isthmon, Ov. M. 7, 405: regiones, Hirt. B. Alex. 26: Asiam, Just. 38, 7, 2: Erymanthi nemora, Verg. A. 6, 803: MARE A PRAEDONIBVS, Monum. Ancyr. fin. ap. Grut. 233; Ov. F. 2, 18.—II. Transf., of things as objects:
incultae pacantur vomere silvae, are subdued, tilled, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 45: et pacare metu silvas, Manil. 4, 182: saltus remotos pacabat cornu, Stat. Th. 4, 250: incertos animi aestus, to quiet, Claud. IV. Cons. Honor. 225; cf. feras, to tame, Aus. Epigr. 1, 19: dolorem, id. Idyll. 6, 100.—Hence, pācā-tus, a, um, P. a., pacified, quieted, peaceful, quiet, calm, tranquil, undisturbed (opp. hostilis; class.). A. Lit.:
pacatae tranquillaeque civitates, Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30: in provinciā pacatissimā, id. Lig. 2, 4: pacatissima et quietissima pars, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: nec hospitale quicquam pacatumve, Liv. 21, 20: pacato agmine transire, id. 40, 47: pacati status aëris, Lucr. 3, 292: pacata posse omnia mente tueri, Lucr. 5, 1203: mare, Hor. C. 4, 5, 19: vultus, Ov. F. 1, 3: pacatus mitisque adsis, id. M. 431: coloni, Manil. 4, 141.—As subst.: pācātum, i, n., a friendly country: vagi milites in pacato, Liv. 8, 34: ex pacatis praedas agere, i. e. from countries at peace with Rome, Sall. J. 32, 3: qui medius inter pacata et hostilia fuit, Danubius et Rhenus, Sen. Q. N. 6, 7, 1.—B. Trop.:
oratio pacatior, Cic. Brut. 31, 121: cujus ne pacatam quidem nequitiam quisquam ferre posset, id. Phil. 5, 9, 24.—And in the neutr. as subst.: nec diu in pacato mansit gens, on friendly terms, Liv. 23, 27, 9.—Hence, adv.: pācātē, peaceably, quietly (post-Aug.).—Comp.: pacatius ad reliqua secessimus, Petr. 10; Aug. Ep. 111.—Sup.: pacatissime et commodissime, Aug. Soliloq. 2, 7. Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
pācō āvī, ātus, āre
pax, to make peaceful, quiet, pacify, subdue, soothe : Amanum: Galliam, Cs.: qui nuper pacati erant, Cs.: Erymanthi nemora, V.: incultae pacantur vomere silvae, are subdued , H.
Origins
According to De Vaan 2008, explained by Meiser 2003 as a thematized derivative of an older root aorist from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, fasten”). Compare the inchoative pacīscor. If pronounced with [g], as advocated by some ancient sources, it would come instead from this root's variant form *peh₂ǵ-: compare pangō. The perfect form pepigī can be interpreted as a form of pangō.